The endurance in martial arts movies seems to be very weak, and any hero can easily knock it over with two strikes. In the real world, carrying a big stick on a business trip is scary!
The so-called Jianghu heroes have really fought with people two or three times, and some can boast for twenty or thirty years. In ancient times, it was not uncommon to be injured and killed dozens or hundreds of times due to professional relations. As the saying goes: the more you fight, the more accurate you are. As far as real experience is concerned, tolerance far exceeds many so-called heroes.
Let me draw a picture to see. Do you think that the prisoner wearing wooden shackles, without Song Wu's skill, can be better than these two heavily armed, five big and three thick, fierce workers?
It's not that easy to escape!
Matches are bitter, but they are still alive, and they will be reunited with their families one day after serving their sentences. If you run away halfway, it is a capital crime. If you don't have the skill of Liangshan hero, you can't escape, or you are killed on the spot with a big stick, or on the day you are captured again, your head will fall to the ground.
Therefore, even Lin Chong and Song Wu, who are superb in martial arts, never thought about running away halfway when they were sent. Song Wu flew to Yunpu in a bloody battle and took off his cangue, because someone wanted to kill him halfway, otherwise he wouldn't run.
Discuss how difficult it is for prisoners sent to exile in ancient times to escape.
One: How can people escape when they are wearing heavy irons and shackles? Ancient wooden cangue weighed a hundred Jin, but it belonged to cangue death row.
Being sent into exile is not a capital crime, but also Wan Li Road, so the lighter one weighs about seven or eight pounds, and its neck is locked by hand, which is very strong and mainly used to limit the freedom of prisoners' arms. This is a sharp weapon to prevent escape.
This kind of wooden cangue, the power of Song Wu can kill the tiger, and the killer has to cut it several times to get rid of it. Otherwise, he can't get away.
So, if you don't have the strength far beyond Song Wu, the hero of the tiger and the wolf, and want to take off the cangue yourself, don't even think about it!
In addition, there are chains made of thick chains to tie the feet, so that people can only walk in small steps. This thing is stronger than a cangue.
In this way, hands and feet are locked. How can you escape?
Two: The escorts are all armed to the teeth, and they are all strong beaten veterans. The official may not be a martial arts expert, but because he is a prison officer, he is 100% used to hitting people. Especially when hitting people with fire and water sticks, the stick head is accurate and the hands are black. Every stick is guaranteed to hit all the vital parts of the human body, and the stick can play a penetrating role and will never deviate.
In fact, the martial arts master is fake!
And if you are used to playing other people's business, you are ruthless and accurate, that is the master.
Tolerance of weapons and equipment, is a fire and water stick, a iron ruler, a Yanling steel knife.
Let's talk about the plot of the novel first. Two people escort a prisoner into the army.
With two to one, walking, sitting and lying are firmly stared at. A prisoner in chains, even if he is a bird of prey, can't turn over.
Prisoners wearing flail walk on foot, and there may be donkeys on duty instead of walking. All the prisoners' bodies are consumed in hard walking, and all the physical strength on duty is reserved for suppressing prisoners. This is called "getting earlier and earlier", which can eliminate ten years of martial arts.
Note that Song Wu is fictional! In reality, even if there is a fist like Tai Sen's, as long as you put on the shackles, the whole skill will be destroyed. Two men with sticks and swords are tolerant enough to escort them to two thousand miles away.
Therefore, it is impossible to escape, which will make the tolerance light, disability, and death on the spot.
Three: Even if you escape, heaven never shuts one door but the earth never shuts one door. In fact, it was more difficult to hide in ancient times than it is now. Let's analyze it
(1) Is it feasible to hide in Shan Ye?
There were indeed many barren hills and wild forests in ancient times, but can you hide in Shan Ye? The forest is full of wolves, tigers and leopards, which is absolutely impossible!
So, don't be fooled by sleeping in Shan Ye in the movie.
Even the Monkey King protected the Tang Priest's Buddhist scriptures in the West, and chose not to camp out. Find a hut or a temple to live in every day, because camping is too dangerous.
(2) Is it feasible to live in a village temple?
No way!
The Tang Priest and others, with all their horses, look like serious travelers. The prisoner escaped, with nothing, unknown origin and words tattooed on his face, and no one would take him in. Rushing into the village, maybe someone will call Zhuang Qing Murakami and directly arrest newspaper officials.
Is it okay to go to town?
Not even!
People in the ancient city, unlike modern times, can enter.
When you enter the city, you must check your identity. Modern people have ID cards, and ancient people need official guides when they go out.
The Ming government led the way.
Unidentified, let the soldiers guarding the city escape directly at the gate.
Even if you sneak into the city. There was no population movement in the ancients, and every neighborhood was familiar with its people. As long as there are strangers of unknown origin, they will probably find you soon.
So nine times out of ten criminals who tried to escape in ancient times died.
(Image from the Internet)
Because the assigned person is guilty, but he is not stupid. If he escapes, even success will bring worse results.
Exile has been a very serious criminal law since ancient times. Exiles have to travel thousands of miles from comfortable and comfortable environment to the frontier with extremely bad living conditions, or become cannon fodder to guard the frontier, or become slaves of armored people. They not only have to endure the cold and heat all the year round, but also sell their labor for free.
To some extent, exile is only a little better than the death penalty. Since being sent to the frontier is such a painful thing, why didn't the prisoner choose to escape halfway?
The author believes that there are several reasons why prisoners do not choose to escape:
First, the success rate of escape is negligible.
In ancient times, it was even more difficult for exiled prisoners to escape than for contemporary prisoners!
Similar to the plot seen in TV series, ancient prisoners were handcuffed and shackled before being exiled, and in some serious cases they were even hung with wooden shackles weighing tens of kilograms (of course, they had to be changed into several kilograms if they traveled long distances). This series of measures completely bound the prisoner's ability to act, and it was not easy to take two steps, let alone take the opportunity to escape.
Not only that, there are not only prisoners in exile, but also officials in charge of escort work. If the exile distance is short, the escort has an official position. If the journey is far away, the government will find some idlers and hooligans to take charge of the escort work.
These people have no other skills, but they dare to fight and fight, and they are ruthless. For them, there is a lot of money to be made in the escort work, and they will naturally be willing to complete it seriously. If someone tries to escape halfway, it will cut off their financial resources. These hooligans will use their fire and water sticks and waist knives to make prisoners understand the harm of society.
Some people may ask, if the prisoner has superb martial arts, can he escape after defeating the escort?
In this regard, the author can only say that everyone thinks too much, because the fighting capacity of the ancients is far from what we believe. Xiang Yu is the ceiling of ancient military value, right? But even He, who is fully armed in the siege of Gaixia, can only kill 100 enemy riders.
It can be seen from here that the generals with high martial arts in ancient times can only pick out dozens of people at most, and they must also be based on weapons and equipment. If they are unarmed, only a dozen soldiers can take them down. As for "an enemy of a thousand people" and "an enemy of ten thousand people", it is just an exaggerated metaphor.
Japan once did an experiment: let three skilled and physically extraordinary fencers face 50 ordinary fencers, each of whom hangs a balloon, and the rupture of the balloon represents death.
In the end, these three people only killed 25 people, and two people were lost because of lack of physical strength, and the rest of the owners were defeated after killing four people by one person.
It can be seen that no matter how strong the physical strength is, there is an upper limit, and this upper limit is not exaggerated.
This is true even in the case of fair confrontation, not to mention the fact that prisoners are bound by hands, shackles and wooden shackles. Armed escorts are dominant, and even if the prisoner's martial arts are high, he can't compete with them. Besides, most prisoners don't know martial arts, and resistance can only be beaten.
Therefore, if you want to escape successfully under the eyes of the escort, the difficulty coefficient is ridiculously high.
Second, there is no way out after a successful escape.
Escape is only the first step, and more importantly, how to survive after a successful escape. At this time, prisoners will face greater difficulties.
After a successful escape, the prisoner has two options:
(1) to other villages and towns, to drag out an ignoble existence.
(2) ran to the desolate ravine, self-sufficient.
But after careful analysis, it will be found that neither of these methods will work.
Let's talk about the first way first. As we all know, in ancient times, in order to prevent some strangers from trespassing, road signs were used as vouchers between cities, and only people with road signs could enter the city. As a prisoner sent to the frontier as a coolie, how could this happen?
Even if the prisoner is lucky enough to go to town, he can't live at all. Which inn dares to stay with a stranger in handcuffs? Who dares to sell the goods to suspicious and furtive outsiders?
Not only that, the ancient government also tattooed words on prisoners' faces according to their crimes. This is the so-called "ink punishment". The purpose of tattooing is not only to humiliate prisoners, but also to increase their recognition and make them have nowhere to escape.
Therefore, if the exiles choose to enter the city after successfully fleeing, they will undoubtedly fall into a trap and will soon be caught back and accept more cruel punishment.
Since the first way doesn't work, let's take a look at the second way. The second way is essentially to avoid all people and find a lonely mountain to live alone, but the difficulties it faces are not small at all.
You are likely to meet a jackal or a beast, or a fugitive. How can prisoners with their hands and feet tied ensure their personal safety?
Even if they are lucky enough to avoid all this, how can they get enough food and water? How to build a house that is suitable for living and has certain defense? What should I do if I accidentally get sick? None of these problems can be solved by ordinary people, let alone prisoners in handcuffs.
Therefore, the second escape route is also difficult, and there is basically no possibility of survival.
Therefore, even if the prisoners escape successfully, there is almost no possibility of survival, which is one of the reasons why they dare not escape halfway.
Third, after successful escape, it will bring trouble to the family.
As prisoners, all their information is registered by the government, including the identity information and address of their families. This handle is held by the government, always reminding prisoners not to escape, or they will inevitably hurt their families.
Aside from the exile of the whole family, if only one person or several people in the family are exiled, it is irresponsible to their families if they flee halfway.
In ancient times, the concept of family was very strong. Many people would rather sacrifice their lives for the benefit of their families. Only a few extremely selfish people will base their interests on the pain of their families.
Therefore, for the sake of family, prisoners dare not escape in exile.
To sum up, under the influence of three reasons: the success rate of escape is very small, there is no way to go after the success of escape, and family members will be involved after the success of escape, people who were sent to ancient times dare not escape halfway. This is responsible for your own life and the safety of your family. Readers, what do you think?
In ancient times, sending, flowing and acting as an apprentice were very heavy punishments.
Or land reclamation or exile, you have to bear considerable physical labor and the environment is quite bad.
So, why don't these people run halfway?
It is not that I don't want to run, but that I can't run at all.
First of all, we must solve the problem of how to run.
The whole process of exile and dispatch is supervised by professionals. They have many ways to punish you. You may even be wearing a chain. Why did you run away from others?
Second, we must solve the problem of where to run.
It's definitely not possible to go home, so we must keep an eye on it at home.
So, go to Liangshan? Well, where did you come from so many Liangshan mountains? Do people accept you? Where is the youngest in your family after you went to Liangshan?
Running into town? How did you survive? Black-collar workers? Do you have any identification? No? Report to the official immediately! The store can't accept people of unknown origin like you. Street patrol is not a vegetarian.
Or hiding in the countryside? The Baojia system in rural areas is stricter. The face of your life, as soon as it appears, must be Xiang Ding won.
The last choice is to hide deep in the forest. But the problem is that you are hiding in the mountains and forests. In such a harsh environment, you might as well guard the border!
So, if you run away, the biggest problem is that there is no map and GPS. Finally, you will get lost. ...
Third, you have to settle down.
If your family is exiled, it is estimated that you will not dare to run away.
But if you are the only one in exile, you will harm your family as soon as you run away.
Besides, you are the only one exiled, and your sin is not as good as your family's. You appreciate it, don't you? You should be grateful. What are you running for?
Fourth, you have to consider the road behind.
What if there is an Amnesty one day?
What if you're just avoiding pardon?
What if your family makes money to take you back?
What if you suddenly remind me of your compassion and memories?
What if your case is overturned?
Well, after all I've said, you still want to escape! Then, practice your skills like Takejiro first!
First of all, the exile is far away from his hometown, for example, three thousand miles away. In that era when there was no high-speed rail, no cars and almost walking, it was three thousand miles. How long will it take you to escape?
Coupled with the poor roads in those years, bandits, road tyrants and bandits with mountains as the king emerged one after another. Maybe you traveled a long distance of 2,000 miles, saw your hometown in sight, and wanted to rest on a mountain road. There was a cry behind you: "I opened this mountain, and I planted this road. . . . . "Think about what it's like. If you see a poor man and a robber become angry from embarrassment, you can only wave your sword through.
Also, there were no road guides except students (at least Juren and Jinshi). When you leave a village and drive a relative's car, you have to find the village head's guide, which has your appearance, date of birth, place of origin, where to do what, when to come back and so on. Without this thing, you will be caught, which is a big sin.
Finally, there was a system of cheating in ancient times, that is to say, in your exile, in addition to hard work, there are a lot of officials, neighbors and colleagues watching you every day. In case you disappear one day, they are also involved.
In a word, if you want to escape to your hometown, you have to go through the following levels:
First, while accepting the reform through labor, we should constantly accumulate food and drink for our 3,000-mile trip. At that time, the main currency was copper coin, which was always 1000 yuan. Think about it, how big it is; Silver was scarce, but before the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there was a shortage of silver in China. Your position and class are hard to reach, and you seldom spend it.
Second, find a way to get a guide. Although the anti-counterfeiting degree of this thing is not high, it is really not easy for most illiterate people at that time to copy it.
Third, on the road, you should avoid the surveillance of your neighbors, colleagues and superiors, and convince them of the reasons for your disappearance. It will take at least five days to get on the road. In case they suddenly find out, with your feet, it will certainly not be easy to escape the official search.
You tried everything, carrying a huge bag and a fake road guide, avoiding the official search, quietly on the road and slowly arriving home. You are lucky to escape the wild animals in the mountains, the thieves who cut off the path, the interrogation at various checkpoints and all the way home.
You knocked on your door, and your wife was shocked to see you. She can't believe you appeared in front of her eyes. After holding her head in pain, she gritted her teeth and pushed you out of the door: police officer, come back quickly, don't harm your family, our children.
As soon as I turned around, I saw the Commander-in-Chief and his neighbors all smiling and surrounded.
By the way, I forgot that the golden seal on your face is really becoming more and more conspicuous.
If you can run, of course you can run. The key is to be able to run! When we are watching classical novels or film and television dramas, it seems that the assigned people can easily escape as long as they have high martial arts or help. Actually, it's not that simple.
In ancient times, it has always been emphasized that "heaven has the virtue of good life and land has wealth", so ancient emperors sometimes used the death penalty with caution to show mercy, and "distribution" came into being as an additional mercy of the death penalty.
And sending punishment was recorded as early as the period of three emperors and five emperors. For example, it is recorded in Shangshu Yaodian that Shun punished * * * Gong, Xiang Dou (Huān dūu not u), Sanmiao and Gungun (Gǔn), the tribal leaders of the Huaxia nationality at that time:
The * * * workers, Doudou and Sanmiao here were all sentenced to be sent. As an alternative to the death penalty, it is certainly not as easy as we thought, nor is it a simple tour.
First of all, due to the underdeveloped transportation in ancient times, there were very few horses. In most cases, they drive the bus 1 1 with their feet, and the exiled prisoners have to climb mountains and mountains with heavy shackles, which can be said to be miserable.
Secondly, the exile place is chosen in a remote and cold place, and the exiles have to travel thousands of miles. The principle of exile is "people are from south to north, and people are from north to south". Anyway, it's a trivial matter to toss the prisoner, and it's true to catch cold.
Finally, in the process of exile, not only the prisoners suffered, but also the officers who were escorted. Naturally, there was resentment in their hearts, and it was inevitable to punch and kick the prisoners. Many prisoners were tortured to death before reaching their destination.
In addition, it is difficult for many exiled people to return to their homeland all their lives. The ancients paid attention to the tradition of returning leaves to their roots, which is not only physical torture, but also a heavy mental blow.
So the ancients were very afraid of the punishment of being sent. Sometimes they would rather die than suffer such a crime. In fact, most of them want to run, but after running, they don't want to run, and they dare not run. Let's analyze the reasons:
As we all know, exiled prisoners have to wear heavy shackles and be under the strict supervision of your official. These officials are not vegetarian, strong and well armed. Ordinary people can't beat them at all, let alone have chains and no chance to escape.
Moreover, these prisoners basically have nowhere to escape. What they face is either barren hills, desert yellow sand or ice and snow. They are already very weak, and people with so-called high martial arts are rare. Running out is death.
Since the Song Dynasty, the government has also tattooed the face of the appointee with a gold seal, which can be said to directly label the prisoner, so that no matter where the prisoner goes, he will be found and arrested again, and there is no place to live.
It is even more impossible to hide in the mountains. The outdoor survival program we watch today is not suitable for the ancients. Almost no one can survive independently in that barren natural environment.
According to the ancient criminal law, if you run away in exile, your officials have the right to kill you directly during the arrest. As the saying goes, "Life is worse than death", and few prisoners have the courage.
And many times, prisoners are exiled from marriage with their children. If they run away, it will bring trouble to their families. Just like people nowadays, when they think about their families, many things naturally cannot be done.
When he is exiled, there will be no friends to save him, because it is a capital crime. In fact, most of the acts of robbing prisoners are described in martial arts novels. In reality, this is "who cares if others are frosty?"
Many exiled prisoners still have illusions. If they are pardoned outside the law, they will have a chance to return to their motherland. However, if they run away, they will have no chance to be pardoned. For example, there are provisions in the Tang Law:
And these prisoners all know that even if they get away with it, they will always be wanted by the court. As the saying goes, they can't go anywhere at all, so many people have given up this idea when they were sent.
Therefore, in ancient times, it was difficult for people who were sent to escape, because there was a strict escort system and a cruel system of sitting together, and a stranger could not survive if he ran away.
After being sent to the destination, it is usually just a coolie, which is the lowest existence. For example, in the Qing Dynasty, many of them were sent to Ningguta, where they were enslaved by armored people and lived a life of exploitation and oppression.
But there are also some literati or people with special skills, which will have an impact on the distribution and promote the level of local culture, education and economic development.
For example, after Qu Yuan of Chu State was exiled in the Warring States Period, he wrote Li Sao, which has been passed down to this day. Zhang Jinyan, the minister of the Ministry of War of the Ming Dynasty, was sent to Ningguta by the Qing Dynasty, and established the "Seven Children's Club", which was the first poetry club in Heilongjiang.
In addition, Zhang Yanyan's collection of essays "Unexpected Collection" is also the first collection of essays in Heilongjiang Province, which objectively improves the level of culture and education in Heilongjiang Province.
People with skills are more likely to bring the skills of the Central Plains to the distribution areas, such as farming, diet, customs and so on. Although this aspect is relatively little recorded in history, it is bound to promote the integration of all aspects.
Anyone who can run can run. In ancient times, prisoners were sent to the frontier. Basically, none of/kloc-0.000 prisoners can really reach the so-called frontier. Most of them were killed after pretending to walk for a few days, saying that they were not acclimatized to death! Think about it, who will accompany you to the border as a prisoner this year?
From ancient times to the present, conscience is the bottom line of a person's life. And obeying the law is also an important embodiment of conscience.
For example, in Water Margin, except for Li Kui jy's "mixed goods", most people did not despair, but still tried to keep the idea of "obeying the law and taking the right path" in their hearts. Although the "intellectual robbery and birth program" robbed corrupt officials of their money, if it was not "solved", they just wanted to use the money to live a good life for themselves for a few days, and they would never go to Liangshan to gather justice for bandits.
When Lu Shenzhi killed the town of Kansai, when he was desperate, he would rather become a monk as a choice to settle down, than live a life of fear that was wanted by the government as "busy as a dog, anxious as a fish escaping from the net". Lin Chong was almost killed by Xue Ba in the wild pig forest, but when he saved him from killing two workers, he did not try his best to stop him. Why? In his eyes, being sent to Cangzhou is at best a "thief with the army", not a capital crime. Killing a public official is definitely a capital crime!
When he didn't know the news of the Amnesty, Song Jiang knew that he was a capital crime, so he wandered around and planned to join Liangshan. After returning home, I heard his father say that "the emperor pardons the world". Although he was a criminal, he didn't die, so he changed his mind at once. When I crossed Liangshan to rob him up the mountain, didn't I immediately make a 180 degree turn!
In ancient times, as long as it was not "chop and chop" or "ask and chop after autumn", it was a way out to exile and send troops. Since there is a way out, let's continue to adhere to the principle of "life is worse than death". Why do we have to push ourselves to the wall again? Besides, on the way to be sent, you have to wear a wooden cangue, maybe even fetters, and there are two escort workers who are inseparable from each other. Is it so easy to run?
Even if they didn't kill the workers, they just knocked them out and ran away. Where did they go? Public officials working all over the street have posted arrest notices in cities and counties. Is it so easy to run? Are Song Wu and Lin Chong good at martial arts? Isn't it a county town that later became a walker and was escorted by Chai Daguan under the guise of hunting?
Is it all right to escape from the crime scene? The only way out is to collect mountains as bandits. But are bandits that easy to be?
Therefore, if a person is really desperate, he still wants to live if the law allows. This is why the prisoner didn't run halfway. Do you agree with me?
In ancient times, the people sent were not unwilling to run, but could not run at all.
Why? If it's far away, look at the Water Margin.
800,000 imperial coach Lin Chong was sent to forage field for a reason, because his wife was attracted by Gao Yanei. He didn't dare to run, but he was framed, burned the forage field and was forced to go to Liangshan to become an outlaw.
And Liangshan boss timely rain sung river, because killed his wife Yan Poxi, was sent to Jiangzhou.
Song Wu is also very familiar with it, because Ximen Qing and Pan Jinlian have also been there.
None of them found a place to live in seclusion, and finally they all went to Liangshan. Why?
Because words are engraved on the face.
That's right. In ancient times, people who were sent to places had to carve words on their faces and write down what crimes they had committed and where they had been sent. Once the word is engraved, it is the effect of tattoo, and it will be on your face if you can't wash it for a lifetime.
Think about it, people come and go in the street. At this time, a man with lettering on his face came over, and, well, he was caught back by the patrol captain in an instant.
So, it's not that I don't want to run, but that I can't run at all.
Because you can't escape, the prisoners sent into exile in ancient times have words engraved on their faces, and you can't get rid of them anyway. If you go, others will recognize that you are an illegal person, and you will be arrested and simply stop running.
First of all, there have been prisoners who escaped from prison halfway in history, but this is a small probability event. Generally speaking, almost no one will choose to escape on the way to distribution. Then why don't these prisoners escape? Look at the historical environment first. Almost every dynasty had a household registration system, and the ruling class didn't want people to run around. So how many people are there in each place? People nearby know that as long as a stranger comes to a place, the locals will soon know where he has gone. Go home? You can't go home.
Go to another place to live? This is even more unreliable. As long as it is under the jurisdiction of the government, if you can't produce reasonable proof after you go, you will be arrested soon. The second reason is that the places you are sent to are all frontiers. You don't know the way in the middle of running. Where are you going? Being a bandit? In ancient times, bandits were not so easy to deal with. Doesn't mean you can join in if you go. It's really bad luck to cut them when someone is in a bad mood.
Third, do you still have the strength to run? Although there are few guards in the distribution process, it is not stupid. They all let prisoners take chains and things like that, and there is little chance of escape. If found, they will be beaten. If a family is exiled, don't think about running away. A family can't escape. If a person runs away, you have to think about your family. Even if you run away, can your family not be implicated?
In ancient times, every dynasty would grant amnesty to the world regularly. In ancient times, many people chose to stay away from home after committing crimes, become an outlaw, and come back when they were granted amnesty. One more thing, the faces of the assigned prisoners are basically carved. People everywhere know that this man is a fugitive, so few people choose to escape.