1, group dynamics, also known as group dynamics. It aims to explore the law of group development, and its theoretical basis is the field theory put forward by American psychologist Lei Wen. Field theory is a theory that borrows the concept of field in physics to explain psychological activities. It regards people's psychology and behavior as field phenomena and functions of people and environment, which can be expressed by the formula: B=F(PE). B is behavior, P is individual and E is environment. The environment here refers to the psychological environment. In the study of group atmosphere, there are great differences between authoritative and democratic leadership styles in group atmosphere and group cohesion. Group dynamics not only provides a theoretical basis for group psychological counseling, but also provides an important basis for the creation of group atmosphere and the role of the host in the process of group psychological counseling. Some research on group dynamics, such as sensitivity training, directly become the methods and techniques of group psychological counseling, which are widely used in education, management, medical care and other fields. Field theory insists that psychology should study the interaction between individual and psychological field, and opposes the psychological tendency of overemphasizing environmental influence and internal determinants, which has certain dialectical factors.
2. Social learning theory Social learning theory is a theory developed on the basis of behaviorism. The representative of this theory is Bandura. He advocates combining the learning that relies on direct experience with the learning that relies on indirect experience (observation learning) to illustrate human learning. Social learning theory holds that people usually learn and form a new behavior by observing and imitating other people's behaviors, especially observing and learning various behaviors in social life. This is true of aggressive behavior, and so is adaptive behavior. If we provide some imitation examples for those members who are psychologically uncomfortable, it will help him to change his uncomfortable behavior.
3. Interaction theory, also known as communication analysis, is a psychotherapy theory and method founded by American psychoanalyst Bourne 1959 according to psychoanalytic principles. The purpose of interactive analysis therapy is to help people understand the nature of mutual assistance between themselves and others, educate the clients to change their attitudes towards life, deeply understand interpersonal communication, and establish the interpersonal relationship of "I am good-hello". This method focuses on the interaction and communication between people, which is very suitable for group psychological counseling. In a group, members can observe the changes and demonstrations of others, gradually understand their own personality structure and learn how to communicate with others.
4. Interpersonal communication theory. Interpersonal communication refers to the process of exchanging opinions, conveying thoughts, expressing feelings and needs between people by using language or non-language symbol system, which is an important form and premise of interpersonal communication. Interpersonal communication is the basic way for individuals to adapt to the environment, social life, social responsibility and form their own personality. Therefore, the functions of interpersonal communication include information transmission, self-awareness and interpersonal coordination. The research on interpersonal communication is extensive, rich in content and fruitful. It provides many valuable references for how to communicate between people, how to enhance the communication effect, establish good interpersonal relationships and avoid or reduce communication obstacles in the process of group psychological counseling, and also provides specific methods and skills for group hosts to choose what kind of group communication methods, how to observe and guide the communication of group members, improve self-understanding and others' understanding, and gain growth in coordinated interpersonal relationships. Group counseling is a process of interpersonal communication and interaction, and the results of interpersonal communication research are applicable to the process of group counseling.
5. Personal-centered therapy theory. It was developed on the basis of treatment in Rogers visitor (client) center. The theory of individual-centered therapy is not only applicable to individual psychological counseling, but also to group psychological counseling. In group counseling, members respect and trust each other, and a good relationship can make participants reduce social barriers and reveal their core feelings, that is, their true selves, without being bound by defense mechanisms. The host and participants of the group actively encourage others to express their true feelings and show their unspoken attitude, so that everyone can get the true treatment from others and get positive or negative feedback from other members' reactions, thus truly recognizing themselves. There will be twists and turns in this process, and there may be conflicts between members, but this is temporary. In the development of the group, each member will realize the care and respect of others, so as to enhance their care and respect, strengthen their sense of responsibility, change their unsuitable behaviors, learn to establish satisfactory interpersonal relationships, and make life richer and more meaningful.