First, correctly understand the cost management and informatization of construction enterprises
1, how to understand the project cost management?
The cost management of construction industry should be understood from three characteristics: "all staff", "process" and "real-time".
"all staff" The cost management of the construction industry covers the management departments of construction enterprises and various management positions of construction projects in space. The construction project cost is managed by the construction project department, and the enterprise still bears the responsibility of organizing, guiding and supervising the manufacturing cost management of the construction project department. At the same time, enterprises need to constantly supervise and improve the construction project cost management system, and use technology, information and resources to support the project construction cost reduction. At the same time, "all employees" has another meaning. Every activity of the project construction will involve the project cost, and the work of every management post is related to the cost management and bears the cost responsibility. In other words, cost is the collection of economic achievements obtained by enterprise management according to accounting methods, and it is the result of the work of all employees, not the exclusive work of accounting departments.
"process" The object of construction project cost control is the direct consumption and its related processes. Its control contents include cost plan, implementation of cost plan, cost supervision, cost accounting and cost assessment. Because every activity of cost management should be included in target management and follow PDCA cycle, this determines the "process" of cost management.
"Real-time". Without feedback, there is no management. There will be many modifications and changes in the actual project, which will cause changes in the project cost control mode. Therefore, cost management is required to feedback various specific problems in the construction process in real time. Feedback must be based on the real-time collection of cost information, and the information must be processed and adjusted in real time to respond, so real-time is the most important feature of cost management.
2. How to understand informatization?
"Informatization drives industrialization" is an important national policy. China combines industrialization with informatization, trying not to repeat the mode that developed countries first realize industrialization and then enter the informatization stage, transforming and upgrading traditional industries with information technology, and realizing the leap-forward development of productivity by taking advantage of latecomers. In this context, traditional construction enterprises should seize the opportunity, respond to the information wave, and realize the leap-forward development by means of "cement mouse".
Informatization should be divided into three levels from the goal:
1, improve efficiency. That is, the routine and fixed work is handed over to the information system for processing, such as finding the required objects from a large number of files or records in a very short time. Information systems support high efficiency by automating daily processing.
2. Improve effectiveness. Effectiveness refers to doing the right thing or doing what should be done to achieve important business results. The information system provides a complete data acquisition scheme and information processing logic to ensure the effectiveness of the work.
3. Promote enterprise reengineering. That is, using information technology to change the mode of operation. Achieving this goal means changing the nature of existing services, or completely changing the management mode of functional departments and even the whole enterprise.
Therefore, it can be said that enterprise informatization is a process of combining advanced management concepts with computer technology, effectively collecting and processing information related to enterprise management, integrating business process reengineering, and realizing the goal of maximizing benefits.
Second, the relationship between cost management and informatization of construction enterprises
1, project cost management of construction enterprises is the breakthrough point of informatization.
Construction enterprises are project-oriented enterprises, which are characterized by project management as the carrier and cost management as the core. The project cost reflects the economic effect of the construction activities of the construction unit. Through the calculation, assessment and analysis of the project cost, the construction and management level of the construction unit can be reflected. Therefore, project cost management is an important part of enterprise management.
Engineering project is the basic information management unit of construction enterprises, and the cost management of engineering projects provides cost information for the decision-making of construction production and operation of enterprises through a series of scientific management work such as cost prediction, planning, control, accounting, analysis and assessment. By reflecting the problems existing in the construction and management work, the purpose of continuously reducing the project cost, improving the market competitiveness of enterprises and improving economic benefits can be achieved. However, in the process of project implementation, unexpected engineering changes and other circumstances make cost control very difficult. These inevitable changes determine that the cost must be a dynamic process, and the cost must be dynamically controlled in the construction process. To realize dynamic control, a very important factor lies in the smoothness of information. If the cost difference cannot be fed back to the control subject in time, there is no way to control the cost. If we only rely on manpower to complete the calculation, collection and collation of large-scale data, the efficiency will be very low, and it is almost impossible to control it effectively. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out informatization, so that the information between various functional departments can be connected with each other, and the network resources can be highly enjoyed and processed in time, which fundamentally changes the lagging situation of information asymmetry caused by the time difference of business operation and realizes dynamic and extraordinary development.
Project cost control management, and then the dynamic control of cost management can be realized. Therefore, project cost management is the best entry point of informatization.
2. Cost management requires high cost performance of informatization.
How to improve the competitiveness of enterprises, in short, is that compared with the same industry, the cost has decreased and the efficiency has increased, which is the performance of the enterprise's competitiveness. The purpose of informatization is to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, and the key is to reduce the cost and improve the efficiency of enterprises. But at the same time, informatization is also the change of working methods, which will inevitably bring about the change of working methods, and it is also the cost input process of production organization change and workers' knowledge structure and ability upgrade. Therefore, the cost management of construction enterprises needs to face up to the cost of enterprise informatization, such as information software and equipment investment, labor cost, maintenance cost and so on.
Enterprises expect information technology to have dual effects: obviously reducing costs in the short term and gaining long-term competitive advantage. Reducing the cost means that the system functions must be reduced, standards must be formulated to make the system more universal, and human expenses must be reduced; In order to improve the competitiveness, the system needs to be closer to the business model and increase the investment in human resources training. Obviously, many times short-term behavior cannot compromise with long-term goals. Therefore, accurate information positioning will directly affect the cost performance of information technology.
The level of enterprise informatization is divided into five levels: 1, localized application and single business management. 2. Integrate applications, understand the necessity of connecting independent operating systems, and gradually realize integration. It is a sign that the information system tends to be mature. Redesign business processes and change the working mode of enterprises. 4. Redesign the workflow of the whole supply chain. 5. Redefinition and expansion of business areas. Information technology has entered various commercial fields. The latter three levels belong to the advanced development stage. Informatization is a revolution for enterprises and a breakthrough to promote enterprise upgrading and innovation in all work. Therefore, construction enterprises need to locate the level of informatization according to their own industry characteristics and management status, and choose the level that is conducive to improving their production efficiency, reducing costs and having good performance.
The information scheme of price ratio can avoid the phenomenon of wasting people's money without solving enterprise problems.
How to do a good job of cost performance? Need to do a good job of "planning" and "planning". The so-called "IS planning" (1 N forming system strategic planning, ISSP for short) is to form the vision, structure and logical relationship of each part of the information system on the basis of understanding the enterprise's development vision and business planning, thus supporting the realization of the enterprise's business planning objectives. And "IT planning" (1 N forms the technology strategy Nanning) IS to plan and arrange the supporting hardware, supporting software and supporting technology of each part of the information system after undertaking the IS strategy. Through the above overall arrangement, we can ensure the mutual promotion of informatization and cost management, realize informatization at the lowest cost, improve the economic benefits of enterprises, and truly achieve the purpose of enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises.
Thirdly, information supply chain cost management is the future development direction of construction enterprises.
In the process of economic development in developed countries, enterprises initially take reducing labor and material costs as a means to improve profits, so they are called "the first profit source". When the prices of labor and materials fall to a certain limit, enterprises turn their attention to expanding product sales, which is called "the second profit source". With the increasingly fierce market competition, the market share of each enterprise is limited after all, so enterprises begin to pay attention to reducing logistics costs, and market-oriented supply chain management is vividly called "the third profit source". Therefore, "the competition in the market will no longer be between individual enterprises, but between supply chains".
"Supply chain management, information first". For the competition of supply chain, the winner depends on whose supply chain operates faster, more effectively and more economically. Therefore, supply chain cost management based on information technology will become a new breakthrough point for enterprises to gain competitive advantage, which will play a decisive role in the development and profitability of enterprises.
The so-called supply chain refers to the supply and demand network composed of raw material suppliers, producers, wholesalers, retailers and final consumers who participate in the production and circulation of products; In this network, each trading partner is both a supplier of its customers and a customer of its suppliers. They not only order products from upstream trading partners, but also supply products to downstream trading partners. Enterprises need a lot of accurate and timely information when establishing and perfecting their own supply chain management, such as market supply, supply price, demand, demand price, inventory, variety, quality and specifications. Once there are omissions and errors, it will directly affect the effect of supply management, and then affect the economic benefits of enterprises. Therefore, only by informationization, establishing a perfect information database and information analysis rules can we collect and process massive data, and then conduct automatic financial settlement and audit on the whole link of the enterprise, fully grasp the expenditure of the enterprise in the whole supply chain, improve all the supply chain links of the enterprise, and obtain higher benefits.
In the benefit-based supply chain, "strength is always the chip of the enterprise", and the scale of the enterprise can bring the advantage of integrating supply chain resources. Whoever has stronger strength will be able to integrate more resources, that is, the "chain owner", who will gain the initiative of cost control. "Chain owner" can manage the production process from raw materials to products to customers through the management of supply chain, and finally improve customer satisfaction and reduce the total production cost. For example, Wal-Mart, a multinational chain giant, constantly reduces its internal operating costs and relies on the powerful purchasing ability formed by thousands of chain stores around the world to constantly put pressure on upstream suppliers in order to obtain the lowest purchasing cost and maintain a high profit margin. Therefore, enterprises use their own scale and strength to win the position of "chain owner", integrate supply chain operation from suppliers to consumers through effective supply chain cost management, optimize logistics and information flow, better monitor the whole process of enterprise business activities on the basis of maintaining and improving market share, provide a better foundation and platform for enterprise production and business activities, and push enterprise cost management to a new height of information supply chain cost management.
For more information about project/service/procurement bidding, and to improve the winning rate, please click on the bottom of official website Customer Service for free consultation:/#/? source=bdzd