(Shandong Provincial Land and Resources Archives, Jinan 2500 13)
Based on the present situation of geological data management in Shandong Province, this paper analyzes the problems and causes of electronic file management of geological data under the new situation, and puts forward corresponding solutions and countermeasures.
Geological data; Electronic documents; operate
In recent years, with the increasing application of computer and Internet technology in the management, utilization and development of geological data, the number of electronic documents of geological data is also increasing. How to manage and use them correctly is an urgent problem for our data management workers.
1 present situation of electronic file management of geological data in Shandong province
Shandong Provincial Land and Resources Archives has more than 6,000 sets of geological data in various paper media, and has been digitizing geological data since 2000. At present, the electronic files in our province are mainly divided into two categories, one is the electronic files formed by scanning and digitizing the existing collection materials, and the other is the electronic files of the new collection materials. After several years' efforts, more than 2,000 sets of geological data have been digitized, and the main storage carriers are optical disks and external hard disks.
Due to the rapid increase in the number of electronic documents and the continuous updating of their forms, the arrangement, reception, management and application of electronic documents have become an important issue in our work. Ensuring the integrity, accuracy, systematicness and safety of electronic documents of geological data is a problem that must be further solved in the management of geological data in our province.
2. Problems existing in the management of geological data electronic files
2. 1 The government's supervision is not strong enough, and the awareness of data sinks is weak.
Most geological data in Shandong Province are formed by geological prospecting units and mining enterprises, and most geological prospecting projects are contracted by various entities. The person in charge of the project didn't realize the importance of electronic documents of geological data. It is generally believed that only paper materials can be submitted, whether there are electronic documents or not, or the electronic documents are not made in accordance with national standards at all.
At present, there are some geological prospecting projects and a large number of market projects in geological work. As an investor, he believes that the results of personal investment should belong to individuals, and he is unwilling to disclose the results, let alone submit geological data. The administrative department in charge of geological data of achievements has relatively loose management of these market projects, and can't supervise the submission of management data well, which makes the underreporting of geological data of achievements serious.
2.2 Geological data electronic documents have poor security and are not easy to be preserved for a long time.
Electronic files are not limited by physical transmission, time and space. If no encryption measures are taken in practical work, geological data can be read on any terminal equipment on the network. According to the investigation of computer security experts, about 10% of the local area network was infected by viruses during the newly established process, and only about 10% of the networks never found viruses after three years of operation. Illegal access to materials linked to the Internet is difficult to count, and existing technologies such as "firewall" are often difficult to prevent "hackers". If some networks only design the logical archiving function of electronic files without considering the physical archiving, once they are destroyed, the loss of electronic files will be inevitable.
In addition, due to the strong dependence of electronic files on computer software and hardware environment, unsafe storage carriers, separation of information from carriers, easy loss of data and vulnerability to virus attacks, security issues have become the top priority of electronic file management of geological data.
2.3 The authenticity, integrity and reliability of electronic documents of geological data are difficult to guarantee.
The outstanding advantage of making or using electronic documents is that it is very convenient to store, add, delete and modify data, and there is no trace after modification. Because of the separability between electronic file information and carrier, it can be copied as it is when it is transferred or replaced to other carriers, and it may be changed during transmission or transfer. It is difficult to identify whether the processed electronic file is the same as its original, which leads to the poor authenticity and original voucher of the electronic file.
3. Suggestions and methods to strengthen the management of electronic documents of geological data.
Facing the increasing number of electronic documents, archivists can't wait passively, but must take active actions and take a series of measures to solve the problems that are easy to occur in the management of electronic documents, so as to ensure that geological data can better serve the economic development.
3. 1 Accelerate the construction of Shandong Geological Data Center
In 2007, Shandong Province started the construction of the database of achievement geological data, with the establishment and improvement of the management and service system of achievement geological data as the core, the cleaning and integration of a large number of basic data of achievement geological data as the basis, the modern information technology as the means, the construction of organization, policy and standard system as the guarantee, the demand as the guidance, the application as the goal, and the purpose of improving the development and utilization of achievement geological data. Eight databases, such as graphic geological database, geological data catalogue database, mineral resources reserve spatial database and reserve dynamic management database, have been established. It is planned to build Shandong Geological Data Center in five years to provide guarantee for the management of electronic documents of geological data.
3.2 Improve the management mechanism of electronic documents of geological data as soon as possible.
It is an important regulation in the Regulations on Geological Data Management to submit geological data on time, with good quality and quantity. Its purpose is to promote the enjoyment of basic information resources, avoid repeated investment and exploration, and maximize the utilization of geological data. In order to improve the data collection rate, according to relevant laws and regulations, our province has formulated a set of practical data collection management system, implemented post responsibility system, strengthened the management of geological data in market projects, and established a system of quality supervision and examination of geological data. In the work, the quality is strictly controlled, and the geological data is combined with the registration of exploration and mining rights and the registration and statistics of reserves, and comprehensive management is implemented.
In our daily work, we regularly check the submission of geological data in accordance with the law and strengthen the supervision and management functions: First, we regularly check the implementation of the geological data filing and warehousing system; Second, in strict accordance with the regulations on the management of geological data, violations of the exchange system will be dealt with severely according to law; Third, in accordance with the provisions of the record is not timely, incomplete, irregular to be corrected, to be dissatisfied with the treatment.
3.3 Strengthen the standardized management of electronic documents of geological data.
In order to facilitate the sharing of resources and realize the standardized management of geological data electronic documents, we have been conducting professional training for geological data managers of major mining enterprises and local exploration departments in the province for several years since 2003, focusing on the use of professional software such as format requirements of geological data electronic documents. Geological data electronic document making and browsing system, geological data security cleaning system, geological data catalogue database and solid mineral registration and statistics system. In order to facilitate the communication between data managers, we have established an address book and set up a group of people who collect and submit geological data on Tencent QQ. When problems are found, they should be solved through consultation in time. Through several years of professional training, mutual exchange and study, the standardization level of electronic documents of geological data in our province has been greatly improved.
3.4 Ensure the availability and safety of electronic documents of geological data.
Generally, electronic documents are mainly stored on optical disks and external hard disks. According to the Code for the Management and Protection of Magnetic Carrier Archives, the warehouse temperature is required to be 15 ~ 27℃, the relative humidity is 40% ~ 60%, and the temperature change within 24 hours does not exceed 3℃, and the relative humidity change does not exceed 5%. The optimum ambient temperature is 65438 08℃ and the relative humidity is 40%. Random sampling of magnetic carrier files at the rate of 3% every year. If permanent errors are found, the whole set of magnetic carrier files should be re-checked and the magnetic carrier files with permanent errors should be copied. More than 3 sets of an electronic document should be copied and stored in different places to ensure the safe storage of electronic documents of geological data. In addition, heat sources, harmful gases and strong magnetic fields in the environment will also affect the "physical life" of magnetic carriers. The CD must be stored in a special moisture-proof, anti-magnetic and anti-static electronic storage cabinet.
In order to implement the "Decision of the State Council on Strengthening Geological Work" and further improve the social service function of geological data, in the second half of 2007, our province carried out the classified cleaning work of geological data. Through this work, the number of files and pieces of various professional materials in the collection was found out, which laid the foundation for the legal, legal and safe provision of information to the society and put an end to the hidden danger of leakage caused by unlabeled information in the process of provision and utilization.
3.5 Strengthen team building and improve the quality of data management personnel.
How to deal with the challenges brought by electronic documents to geological data management and change its role is an urgent problem. I think to adapt to the development of archives management, we must do the following.
First of all, we should master the basic knowledge of archival science. As a data manager, you should master the basic meaning, essential attributes and types of files; Understand the detection indicators and methods of archives durability, and be familiar with the preventive measures, technologies and methods of archives hazards; Master the temperature and humidity control and change law of archives. Only by mastering these can we manage geological data better.
Second, be proficient in using computers. The electronic file of geological data has a strong dependence on modern equipment, and its digitization, information generation, processing, storage and transmission are all completed with the support of computers. This requires our data managers to master the installation, use and maintenance of computers and operate various application software (such as Word, Excel, Powerpoint and Internet Explorer). ) and professional software (such as Mapgis, Autocad, ed-maker, etc. ) runs on the Windows platform, and uses the Internet to exchange all kinds of Internet information.
Third, we should master the professional knowledge of geology. Geological work is a highly professional work, which requires high classification of geological data. This requires geological data archivists to master geological professional knowledge skillfully, and manage and re-develop according to their unique characteristics.