Pu Songling was keen on imperial examinations all his life, but he was always frustrated. At the age of 72, he was a tribute student, so he was deeply touched by the irrationality of the imperial examination system. He completed 8 volumes of 49 1 Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in his life, with about 400,000 words. The content is rich and colorful, and the stories are mostly taken from folklore and anecdotes of unofficial history, personifying and socializing things in the world of flowers, foxes and ghosts, fully expressing the author's love, hate and good ideals. The works inherit and develop the excellent tradition and expression techniques of the legendary literature of strange stories in China literature, with fantastic plot, ups and downs, concise writing and orderly narration, and are regarded as the highest achievement collection of China's ancient short stories. Mr. Lu Xun said in "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" that this book is "the most famous one in the special collection"; Mr. Guo Moruo wrote an inscription for Pu's former residence, praising Pu's book "writing ghosts and writing demons is superior, stabbing greed and stabbing abuse"; Lao She also commented on Pu's "Ghost foxes have personality, which makes them laugh and scold".
After Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio was written, Pu Songling was unable to publish it because of his poor family, and it was not published until 1766 (the thirty-first year of Qing Qianlong). After repeated reprints, there are more than 30 versions at home and abroad. Famous versions include hanger-on Pavilion Edition and Zhu Xuezhai Edition, and nearly 20 countries have published their translations. There are 100 publications of Liaozhai in China, and 160 dramas, movies and TV series with the story of Liaozhai as their content. ?
In addition to Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Pu Songling has a large number of poems, plays, folk songs, agricultural and medical works. Collection 13 volume, more than 400 articles; Poetry 6 volumes, 1000; Word 1 volume, 100 Yu Tan; Three plays (textual research)
Nine turn peddlers, Zhong Mei's birthday, make a scene); Folk songs 14 kinds (wall stories, ancient songs, compassionate songs, songs, disasters, harp music, Penglai banquet, Junye tea, poor Chinese words, ugly Junba, fast songs, envious spells, lucky fairy songs, and buxing Yunge), as well as Nongsang Sutra and Nongsang Sutra.
[Edit this paragraph] Early experience
Pu Songling seldom traveled abroad all his life, and his family was poor, but he often stayed in Jinan. During my stay in Jinan, I left a lot of words, including a poem entitled "Cooking in a Guest House in the Morning":
There is smog on Daming Lake.
I am a writer and have three jobs.
Xiaomi draws water and cooks rice in rice porridge.
The vegetables in the garden are full of yellow flowers.
In just a few words, the vivid scene of Pu living and cooking by Daming Lake in the early morning was made clear. Especially in the last two sentences, we talked about boiling corn porridge with spring water and cutting vegetarian dishes including day lily on the chopping board to match snacks. You can imagine that Pu Songling cooked by himself at that time, and the breakfast was delicious.
Pu Songling described that cooking millet porridge with vegetables for breakfast is also a daily dietary custom in most parts of Shandong. Shandong people like to eat porridge in the morning. There are many kinds of porridge, including millet porridge, rice porridge, millet mung bean porridge, jiangmi porridge, bean juice porridge, red bean porridge, lotus leaf porridge and so on.
Pu Songling and Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio —— Professor Ma Ruifang's Speech at Shandong University
If I ask you a question, which is the best novel in ancient China? There is no doubt that the vernacular novel A Dream of Red Mansions. If we ask again: Which novel is different from A Dream of Red Mansions in artistic form, but its achievements are comparable? The story of the lonely studio, a collection of short stories in classical Chinese. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, with a short story and a long story, constitutes the twin peaks of China's ancient novels.
Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is not only the pride of China literature, but also a very influential work in world literature, which often surprises sinologists.
The family is surrounded by women who are worried about poverty.
Pu Songling struggled on the poverty line all his life. He tried his best to get enough food and clothes; He has been taking part in the imperial examinations for decades all his life, and he has been defeated repeatedly. He suffered a lot to write Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio.
Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is a very magical novel, and the birth of its author is somewhat magical. In the 13th year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, on the night of April 16th of the lunar calendar, Pu, a businessman from Pujiazhuang, Zichuan, Shandong Province, had a strange dream. He saw a monk dressed in cassock, bony and ill walking into his wife's inner room. When Pu woke up, the monk had a copper plaster on his bare chest. He heard the baby crying. It turned out that his third son was born. Holding the baby on the couch, the bright moon leans against the south wing. In the moonlight, Pu was surprised to find that the newborn third son had an obvious mole on his chest. The size and location of this mole are completely consistent with the plaster cast of the sick monk he saw in his dream. The sick monk entered the room, which is Pu Songling's description of his birth when he was forty. Ancient writers in China like to tell their birth very mysteriously. The great poet Li Bai said that he was born when his mother dreamed of Taibai Venus. Father dreamed that a sick monk entered the room and Pu Songling was born. He also explained that I was so frustrated and poor all my life, probably because I was reincarnated as an ascetic. The reincarnation of an ascetic monk is a story made up by Pu Songling in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, but we can see that Pu Songling's life is really bitter. He lives in poverty, he always struggles on the poverty line, and he tries his best to get enough food and clothing; He has been taking part in the imperial examinations for decades all his life, and he has been defeated repeatedly. He suffered a lot to write Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Therefore, we say that Pu Songling has three hardships-life, examination and study.
Let's see how hard his life is. When Pu Songling was young, life was not very bitter, because his father abandoned Confucianism to do business and his family was well-off. Under the protection of his father, young Pu Songling can study with peace of mind and start a poetry club with friends. But it didn't last long, because he separated. Why do you want to separate? Because of family conflicts. Pu Songling's two brothers are both scholars, but both sisters-in-law are bitches. Pu Songling once said in the book: "Every family has a hag at the bedside." His two sisters-in-law are really typical bitches. They often make trouble at home for a little thing. Pu Songling's father had to separate his son. It is unfair to separate, because two sisters-in-law can fight, make trouble and rob, while Pu Songling's wife Liu is virtuous and taciturn. As a result of the separation, Pu Songling was assigned to three old farmhouses, which were so broken that there were no doors, so Pu Songling had to borrow door panels to install them. Give him 20 mu of fertile land and 240 Jin of grain, which is only enough for three months. In this way, Pu Songling had to fend for himself, and he began his career as a private school teacher for 45 years.
Private school teachers are rural primary school teachers, and they teach in private schools with low pay. Calculate a specific account, how much salary can you get as a private school teacher every year? Eight taels at most. What is the concept of eight taels of silver? At that time, a family of four in the countryside needed twenty taels to maintain their life for one year. This account was calculated by Grandma Liu when calculating the crab feast in the Grand View Garden of A Dream of Red Mansions. Therefore, our great writer Pu Songling worked hard to teach for a year, and the money he earned was not enough for half a crab feast in Grand View Garden. After the age of 30, Pu Songling had to support his old mother because of his father's death. How poor is he? "This family is surrounded by women who are worried about poverty." He has a poem called "Japanese Lunch", in which he wrote that the wheat harvest is coming, and there is no food at home, so he has to cook a pot of porridge. At that time, he had three sons and a daughter. The eldest son grabbed the spoon first, went to the bottom of the pot to find the thickest one and put it in his bowl. The second son quit and went up to snatch it from his brother. Pu Songling's daughter stood there, looking piteously at her father from a distance. Pu Songling is very distressed. How can I feed my poor child? Pu Songling also wrote an article called "Sacrificing the Poor God". He said: "I am poor, it has nothing to do with you. Why are you following me all day? I am the owner of one of your nursing homes and the general of your guard. You have to give me a few days off, but you don't relax at all, as if you are two lovers entangled in love? " This is the bitterness of Pu Songling's life.
[Edit this paragraph] It is a long way to go to force the imperial examination.
When Pu Songling 19 years old, he took the scholar exam. He was a scholar in Shandong Province, Jinan Prefecture and Zichuan County. After the first of the three exams, Pu Songling failed in the four consecutive exams. Until he was 72 years old, he was just a tribute student. Why is this?
Let's look at the pain of Pu Songling's imperial examination. Pu Songling was frustrated all his life, and his frustration as a teenager has just begun. When Pu Songling 19 years old, he took the scholar exam. He was a scholar in Shandong Province, Jinan Prefecture and Zichuan County. Pu Songling was admitted by Shandong scholar Shi. Shi is a great poet. In the early Qing Dynasty, he was called "Southern Poetry", which was from Anhui, while "Northern Poetry" was from Shandong. The first test question of Shandong Jinshi in history is called "Fleas Rise", which comes from "Mencius" and "Qi people have wives and concubines". The eight-part essay in the imperial examination requires you to ponder the tone of the sages and speak for them. Since the topic is "The Rise of Fleas", as the name implies, you should explain the truth that Mencius said in "The Rise of Fleas": cultivate one's morality, keep one's family in harmony with the world. How did Pu Songling write it? He writes in classical Chinese and we speak in vernacular Chinese. Pu Songling said: "I have observed those who pursue wealth. Gentlemen pursue the first, while villains pursue petty profits. As for those who are not rich themselves, but often can't wait to stay in front of the rich, there are also many people. Those who are not interested in fame and fortune, only those women in boudoir, can have a leisurely sleep and not pursue fame and fortune. " Pu Songling's description is vivid, like an essay describing the world. Next, Pu Songling went further and simply made it up. He writes about how Qi people's wives toss and turn at night, wondering how to follow their husbands, including psychological descriptions of characters, monologues and dialogues between characters, much like novels. This way of writing, of course, does not meet the requirements of stereotyped writing, but the examiner Pu Songling met was Shi, a great writer who loved talent as much as his life. He appreciated Pu Songling's article very much. He picked up a pen and wrote a comment, saying that Pu Songling's article "exposed the ugliness of wealth for a while", wrote the ugliness of people's pursuit of fame and fortune through the word "flea", and then wrote eight words. "Reading like the moon" means reading the works of predecessors and seeing them clearly and thoroughly; "Writing like the wind" means writing articles easily and happily, which is very smooth. With a stroke of a pen, he won the first place in Shandong champion Pu Songling. After the county, government and road were tried first, Pu Songling became famous. He was full of ambition and resolutely embarked on the road of further seeking fame. The next step was to test people.
According to historical records, after three attempts, Pu Songling took the juren exam four times in a row, all of which ended in failure. Pu Songling wrote such a good article, why did he fail the list four times? Looking back now, Shi's admission to Pu Songling was simply misleading and misjudged, because Pu Songling did not write according to the strict requirements of stereotyped writing, and Shi accepted him as the first because of his love for talent. Pu Songling therefore thinks that writing like this can gain a higher reputation. But Pu Songling didn't think what other examiners were like. These examiners took stereotyped writing, decadent, vulgar and bound stereotyped writing as a stepping stone and achieved fame. He can only write such articles by himself, and he also likes such articles. How can he appreciate an article written by Pu Songling? So Pu Songling deviated from the runway from the beginning of the test.
How long has Pu Songling been a scholar? More than half a century. Scholar is the least famous in the imperial examination. But the scholar is the hardest, and he has to take an exam every year. According to the imperial system, a province has a term of three years. As soon as we arrive, we will organize the Jinshi exam, which is called the annual exam. The annual examination results are divided into several grades, and the first one can become a student. What is the concept of life? Lin Sheng is still a scholar, but the court gives you a certain amount of money every month to subsidize your life. So, is it necessary to be a student after winning the first place? Not exactly. Because there are places for students, you can't make up for it until the first grade is over. Therefore, after Pu Songling was admitted as a scholar, he took the test many times, and waited for almost twenty years before he became a student, and the court gave him that little subsidy. In the second year, after the scholar has passed the exam, he must engage in scientific research. Scientific research is to prepare for the juren exam. Scientific research divides scholars' achievements into six grades. You can take the exam in the second grade before the exam, and you will be reduced to Tsing Yi after the second grade. Pu Songling takes a rural exam every three years. How many times did he take it? About ten times, some experts say a dozen times. In this way, Pu Songling has 30 years to take the exam every year. At the age of 48, he took the exam again. He felt that his article was written very well and quickly, and he wrote it down when he got the exam question "shua shua". But when it's finished, looking back, it's broken and getting worse. "Monthly articles" is an imperial term, which violates the writing rules. The imperial examination has very strict requirements on the form of words. A page can only write 12 lines, and a line can only write 25 words, and the first page must be written on the second page, and the second page must be written on the third page. Pu Songling writes quickly. After writing the first page, he quickly turned to the second page and wrote to the third page. This is a painting. If you surpass it, you will not only be disqualified, but also have to post it. We look at it now, it's ridiculous, the article is well written, and one page is disqualified! How did Pu Songling feel this time? He said in his own words: "I am proud of my illness, but I made a big mistake when I turned my head." What about this situation? I felt a thousand cold sweats, and a wisp of soul flew out of my house "-I was shocked.
After Pu Songling fought for the imperial examination until he was 50 years old, his wife advised him: Forget it, don't take the exam. If you are destined to have fame and even become a prime minister, why do you have to take the exam? Wouldn't it be great if we lived in the village? Why do you have to listen to the voice of urging ordinary people to pay taxes like the county magistrate? Pu Songling thinks what his wife said is very reasonable. However, some experts confirmed that even after his wife advised him, he took the exam and still failed.
Pu Songling 19 years old Jinshi, 72 years old Gongsheng. What is Gong Sheng's concept? Gong Sheng is equivalent to a vice-list. There are several kinds of tribute students. Pu Songling is a "year-old tribute", also called "tribute". It's just that I have been a student for a long time, waiting in line for a number and getting a tribute. After being a tribute student, he could be an official in theory, and Pu Songling got a virtual title of "Confucianism". What does the Confucian discipline mean? At that time, schools in feudal society were divided into several levels: imperial academy at the national level, Fu Xue at the provincial level and County School at the county level. This Confucian discipline is the deputy section chief of the county school, equivalent to a middle school vice president now. But Pu Songling added the word "alternate" before the Confucian precepts. That is, although you have this qualification, it depends on whether there are vacancies in other counties in Shandong Province except Zichuan County. For 72-year-old Pu Songling, there is no value. Gong Sheng only brought him some comfort and practical benefits: the court wanted to give Gong Sheng four taels of silver. However, the county magistrate did not give Pu Songling a tree plaque, a tree flag or money. Pu Songling had to write submissions and reports again and again. This is what Pu Songling suffered in the imperial examination. Now we think he is ridiculous, pathetic and pitiful. But at that time he could only seek such a way out. Because the imperial examination system is the only way for poor intellectuals like Pu Songling to change their fate, the so-called "Tian Shelang is the heaven at dusk".
[Edit this paragraph] Write a series with your whole life.
The famous French writer Hugo once said: "Imagination is a great diver". A writer, a novelist, can write fascinating works, although he must have a certain foundation of life, but it depends more on his imagination. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is a concentrated expression of a writer's genius imagination and artistic talent.
Why did Pu Songling fail the exam? This is related to his hard work in writing Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Pu Songling is a native of Zichuan, Shandong Province. Zichuan is dozens of miles away from Linzi, the ancient capital of Qi State, and there are many beautiful folklore. When Pu Songling was 5 years old, the dynasties changed. The Qing Dynasty's entry into the customs, the massacre in Yangzhou and the suppression of peasant uprisings in Shandong also produced many strange things, which all affected Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Pu Songling probably started writing Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio when he was a private school teacher after separation. Zhang, his good friend, found that Pu Songling's writing of Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio influenced the examinee, so he wrote a poem to persuade him: "Don't talk empty talk in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio", stop writing novels and concentrate on the exam. But Pu Songling didn't listen, but wrote. No matter what anecdotes a friend hears, he should learn about them and write them in his own works.
As for Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, you may have heard a popular saying that in order to write Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, Pu Songling set up a tea stall next to his hometown Liu Quan, invited passers-by to tell stories, and processed it at home, which became Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. This statement was made in "Three Borrowing Notes from Lu", and Mr. Lu Xun has already analyzed it. No, it can't be like this. Let's think about it now. Pu Songling was so poor that he worked as a private school teacher outside for 45 years, and sometimes he couldn't even open the pot at home. How can he be idle with tea and cigarettes, and you tell me stories and I write novels? No But no matter what people say and what strange things Pu Songling hears, he collects them and writes novels, which is certain. He also has a way to obtain materials, that is, to find materials in ancient books. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio contains about one hundred novels, all of which are adapted from predecessors' works. The works of predecessors are sometimes easy to remember. For example, the novels of the Six Dynasties and the legends of the Tang Dynasty recorded three short stories called Paper Moon, Taking Moon and Leaving Moon. Paper moon means that one person can cut a paper moon for lighting, and another person can put the moon in his arms. When there is no moon, the third man stays for the moon, puts the moonlight in his basket and takes it out when it is dark. It's all very simple, a hundred words, dozens of words. Pu Songling used it to write about Taoist Laoshan Mountain. This is a familiar serial story.
Let's take a look at Pu Songling's emotional experience. Pu Songling's wife is very virtuous. To what extent is she virtuous? When Pu Songling went out to be a tutor, his wife supported the elderly at home, raised a young child and lived in a desolate farmhouse. At night, the wolf may run into the yard, and she will spin all night. She always keeps anything delicious for Pu Songling, and sometimes it goes bad after a long time. Such a good wife is a dross wife of daily necessities. So some experts who studied Pu Songling found a clue that Pu Songling had a second wife. What is the basis? In Pu Songling's anthology, there is an inscription about the portrait of Chen Shuqing. The article says: The author of the article and Chen Shuqing are free to fall in love, but their parents don't agree. Finally, the two eloped, and then it was tragic. But it was quickly verified by experts that Chen Shuqing was an article written by Pu Songling to a man named Wang in the Wangjiaguan of Quanfeng Township in Zichuan after his return from the south, so that Pu Songling's so-called second wife no longer existed. People will ask, then why can he write so many beautiful love stories? Lin Yutang, a famous writer in Taiwan Province Province, once speculated. I also speculate that Pu Songling sat in that desolate study at night after teaching students during the day. The moonlight is dim outside, the leaves are clicking there, and the fox is screaming in the distance. At that time, there were many foxes. At this time, Pu Songling is prone to fantasy. He imagined a scholar, like him, poor and frustrated, but very talented and affectionate, sitting in a deserted village, when a beautiful woman pushed the door and entered. Do you study here? I study with you, I write poems and lyrics with you, I play Go with you, and I comfort you, a poor and lonely scholar. Do you need fame? I'll help you, be the first. Isn't your wife childless? I'll give you a child to carry on the family line. This woman doesn't need parents' orders, matchmakers' words, wife's birthright, the scholar's money, or even give you money in turn. In the society where Pu Songling lived, the combination of men and women was the words of a matchmaker. Is there a woman who wants nothing but unconditional devotion to a man? That's impossible. She can only come out of her mind, only the author's imagination. She came down from the sky, she came out from the bottom of the sea, she came out from deep mountain caves, and she even came out from the underworld; She may be a bird, she may be a flower, or even a book. Isn't the scholar studying there? I took a copy of Hanshu from the shelf and put it here. I opened the eighth volume, in which there was a little beauty, cut open by gauze and silk, and four small words were written on the back, "Weaver Girl in the sky". Suddenly, this little beauty of gauze scissors bent down and floated down to be a wife for a scholar. She is beautiful and considerate, and introduced herself to the scholar. My name is Yan Ruyu, and I'm Yan Ruyu from Hanshu. This is really "Yan Ruyu in the Book".
Freud, a western theorist, said: "Dreams are the realization of wishes". In Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, these foxy beauties are the daydreams of poor scholar Pu Songling. He had this dream to express wishful male fantasy, the fantasy of a poor scholar. Hugo, a famous French writer, is the author of Les Miserables. He once said, "Imagination is a great diver". A writer and novelist can write fascinating works, although he must have a certain life foundation, but he must rely on his imagination. Although Pu Songling was so poor and frustrated, he also wrote something related to his life, but he was particularly good at imagination. Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio is a concentrated expression of a writer's imagination and artistic talent.
Pu Songling, our great writer, suffered all his life, struggling on the poverty line all his life, struggling in the imperial examination and writing novels all his life. In the fifty-fourth year of Kangxi, on the 22nd day of the first month, the great writer sat by his lonely serial window and passed away forever. Pu Songling's dream of being a poor scholar and making great achievements in the world finally came to nothing, while Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio, nurtured by China's excellent culture, became the representative of China culture in the world and made great contributions. History is just.
[Edit this paragraph] Life works
The title of Pu Songling's Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio in Qing Dynasty
Awakening marriage biography
Poems of Qingyun Fang Shan
Notes on red pepper mountain residence
Different versions
Parallel rhyme poetry and painting
Provincial records
Pregnancy punishment record
Commonly used Chinese characters
Calendar writing
Liaozhai ci
Liaozhai vernacular poems
[Edit this paragraph] continuous directory
volume one
Textual research on the wall painting in Huang Cheng's "Human corpse becomes a water spray pupil"
Mandrill bites ghosts and catches foxes. The strange house in the bridge, the demon king Liulang.
Laoshan Taoist Changqing monk snake man python steals peaches and grows pears.
Dog rape, hail, fox marrying Nv Jiao monk, evil witchcraft
Wild dog, three foxes in a bottle, the ghost crying and wolf howling really trapped the female cola moth.
Ye Sheng 40,000 Immortals, Groom, Lingguan Wang Lan
Cheng qin Feng, the god of the eagle and tiger, painted the skin of Jia 'er snake.
Volume II
Jin Shicheng Dongsheng Jieshi Temple Ghost Judge Lu
Nie Xiao Gan Yi Rat Earthquake Hai Gongzi Ding Qian Xi Hai Dayu
Zhang Lao's "xianggong" and "weeds" are animals. Fengyang scholar Geng Eighteen Beads.
The young official hoped Weng would find a woman to make a sharp knife.
Xia Jiu You Lian A Xiang Bao Jiu San Wang Zunhua Department Fox
Zhang Chengfen Zhou Hu Qiao Niang Wu Ling Kou Ji Hu Lian
Tanshui Hu Hongyu Longlin Siniang
Volume III
Hu's opera "Beggar", Lu Gongnv Taoist in the middle of the river.
Zhejiang Su Long Li Xian Bo Yan Huang Jiulang Jinling Women
Tang Palace Yamaraja Chain Single Taoist Bai Yu Yu Ye Ha Guo
Xiaoji Western Monk Food Liancheng Huosheng Wang Shixiu
Shangsanguan Yujiang Xiaoer Gengniang Meng Gong rhinitis.
Liu Haishi ordered ghosts to dream of being separated from dogs, lamps and monks.
Cao Lei, the fox, bet on Dr. Li Xia's four constructions and five constructions.
A furry fox and a black beast.
Volume iv
Yu Deyang Qianzong Guayi Mei Qing Luo Cha Shihai Tian Qilang
Save Gongsun nine niang and promote Liu Xiucai's flood.
Du Feng, an official of a treasury in Zhucheng, turned a blind eye and was kind to the rain.
I beat the thief with a stick, and the scholar drove away the blame. My sister changed her face and got married, and continued to fetch water from Huanglong Beagle.
Chess ghost Xin Shi Niang Bai Lian teaches double lights to catch ghosts and shoot foxes to pay debts.
Head rolling ghosts for a feast, Hu Sixiang read the play of frogs and mice.
Mud scholar, Mrs. Land, Leng Yue, drunk.
The fifth volume
Yang Wuhou, Zhao, mantis, snake catcher, martial arts villain Qin Sheng.
Crow head, wine worm, woodcarving, beauty seal, San Niang fox dream cloth guest
Farmer Zhang Yiwei Jin Yongnian Woods Xiaolian
The dutiful son of West Lake, Rebecca the lion, and the woman of Puppet Changzhi.
The righteous dog Poyang Shen Wu, the lotus princess, the girl in green.
Lotus Sannianzi scolded Duck Liu's son for not dying, and Jingshan Hou's capital flow.
Guo Jinsheng Melody Peng Haiqiu Kan Yudu Shi Liang Yan
Dragon meat
Volume VI
LuLingMa, general KuiXing club, Hejian people.
Yun Cui Xian jumped into the sky, wearing an iron cloth shirt. The general's military law is vigorously teaching the Yan family.
Du Weng, Ghost, Wu Men painter, Aunt Lin Hu.
Western Hou Wolf Beauty Liu Song Cai Liang Fang Hui Mountain God
Xiao Qi wandering snake, Lei Gong, water chestnut hungry ghost.
Yamaraja from the cheating department asked Dong Gongzi on Wednesday.
Pigeons are different from Nie Zheng in punishing cold-blooded foxes in mountain cities and rivers.
Sun Sheng's Eight Heavenly Kings Drama
Volume 7
Luo Zu Liu surnamed Shao nine niang Gongxian second businessman Yishui scholar
Beauty Guo Xiucai died and monk A Ying lost money.
Niu Zhangcheng listened to Uncle Zitong's orders in the mirror.
Hu Siniang, a Taoist priest in Yamaraja, Jingui Xiandao, became a monk.
Lu Shu, Liu Sheng, wronged the prison ghost after Zhenguan, and became the official mother.
A Xiaocui Golden Monk and Dragon Spider Businessman embroidered with Yang Scar's eyes.
Yamaraja banquet ghost willow
Volume VIII
The horse painting bureau cheats butterflies, and the boy has a ghost wife.
General Huang, a veteran of the Three Dynasties, hid lice, dreamed of wolves, and was bright at night.
Xia Xue made the males, chivalrous men and elephants dead.
Zhou Chang 'e, a purple-flowered monk, lived in Le Ruchu and became a thief.
The ugly fox of Si Wenlang, the daughter of a second Huo family, has no money.
Yao Wei Weng Cui Meng's poem is called Pyrola Coffin.
Xingsheng Land Officer Jiang Taishi Shao Shimei Gu Sheng
Chen xijiu
Volume 9
Shao Linzi devoted himself to ward off evil spirits and gave birth to pure and vulgar impatiens.
Zhang Gongshi of Liaoyang Army loved slaves, and his single father slaughtered Sun Bizhen.
Wuyi rat with broken stone can't stretch or stand.
Rich Wang Man Sima Shen Yue Xiaomei Medicine Monk Yu Zhongcheng
Zhang Hongjian, a woman with a rash and stool, overtreated the doctor.
Niu Fei Wang Zian Diao surnamed peasant woman Jinling B Guo An
Yang Dahong, a volunteer dog who escaped from prison, visited the customs of the Yuan Dynasty in Anan Island, Chayadong.
Princess Yunluo, bird talk and clam, this name is parasitic on Mrs. Liu.
Lingxian fox
Volume 10
Tired dragon king and fire lang really gave birth to a cloth dealer, Peng Er, and earned a fairy.
Niu Tong Ren Shen female elephant skirt Sansheng Changting Xi Fang Ping
Su Qiujia Phoenix Pheasant Rouge A Xianrui Aunt Qiu Yun
Cao Longfei Xianggong Coral Shen Shi Hengniang
A scarf or square made of coarse yellowish hemp cloth.
Volume 11
Carpenter Feng is a bookworm, while Monkey is a frog god Ren Xiu.
Sunset, a king, a demolition man of Quzhou Three Monsters.
Scorpion Chen Yun sacrificed for the company, and the company trained niggers.
The bamboo green woven by Duan's fox, Zhang's wife, is free
Male concubine Wang Keshou calf Wang Da Lezhong Xiang Yu
Three immortals and ghosts turn into kings, ten foreigners and Wei Gongzi.
Shi Qingxu once made friends with Jiaping's son.
Volume 12
Miao Xianmiao, the driver of Class Two, gave birth to Du, a scorpion.
Doctor Mao, the god of hail, Li Bagang, the owner of the old dragon boat, and Qingcheng female owl.
Mr. Yuan Shao Xue Weiniang Tian Gui 'an parasitic attachment
Zhou Sheng Chu Suiliang Ji Sheng, Liu Quan native rabbit and bird ambassador.
Karma Gong Sunxia Korean sewing needle Queen Pink Butterfly
Li Jinse Taiyuan Xinzheng Prison v. Li Xiangxian
A female boxing official from Dong Zhe, Qin Gui, was renamed a shemale.
Snakes sting Jin people, and dragons love talents.
Judging from the theme, the works in Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio can be roughly divided into the following five categories-
The first category: crimes that reflect the darkness of society and expose and attack the oppression and cruelty of the feudal ruling class. For example, the promotion of Weaver Girl, Redjade, Dream Wolf, Beauty, continuation of Huang Liang, Dou Shi and so on.
The second category: opposing feudal marriage, criticizing feudal ethics, praising the pure love of young men and women, and striving for freedom and happiness. Such as Ying Ning, Qing Feng, Axiu, Liancheng, Qing 'e, Crowhead, Ruiyun, etc.
The third category: exposing and criticizing the corruption and various drawbacks of the imperial examination system. Such as, Yu Quxie, Kao Jiansi, Jia, Si Wenlang, and Sansheng.
The fourth category: praising the fighting spirit of the oppressed people. Such as Shang Sanguan, Xi Fangping, Xiang Gao, etc.
The fifth category: summarize the experience and lessons in life, and educate people to be honest, helpful, hard-working and able to change after learning. , with moral admonition. Such as Planting Pears, Painted Skin, Laoshan Taoist, Pupils' Language, Wolf (Three Items) and so on.
In addition, the story in this book reminds people to abandon evil and be good, satirize greed and abuse, be kind to all beings and be honest with others.