? Before and at the beginning of consultation, it is particularly important to collect information about "facts" and then more and more information about opinions, in addition to information about the requirements and tasks put forward by visitors. The "fact" is the information confirmed by the family members of the visitors. And "opinions" are different and possibly controversial information for everyone. The fact can be: Who is the member? How old is each member and how long has he been a member? What are the important events and major changes in the history of this system? When did this problem appear? What attempts have been made to solve this problem so far? Who is trying to help solve this problem these days? It can be expected that the transition from facts to opinions is often smooth.
? These factual information are first collected from the telephone register or registration form, from referral records, cases and self-descriptions on the Internet, and from the first conversation or preliminary observation. Next, we will introduce some common forms for collecting and sorting out these system information. These descriptive forms are of little value in themselves, but only as a starting point for forming assumptions and dialogues.
? gene map
? The genealogy chart is used to clearly describe the family system of multiple generations living under one roof. People usually use symbolic language, and for this reason, they will adopt specific symbolic symbols. According to the progress of the talks, a family tree usually includes three generations, starting from the original family or the family of the index patient. In a family, people who live together can circle together. Then mark the important facts in the picture.
? 1, name, age or date of birth, and possibly date of death: who is the first in a family?
? 2. The date of marriage, and possibly the date of acquaintance, and the date of divorce: It will be very interesting in the inquiries of couples and families, especially divorced and remarried families.
3. Residence, family ancestral home, change of residence and reasons (such as fleeing): This information is necessary in the work of immigrant families, so it is often very easy to describe the work with pictures-people can easily express it through symbols without explanation.
? 4. Diseases, severe symptoms, and causes of death: The genealogy chart can be used as the basic information of family doctors to identify the different diseases of family members in time and quickly.
? 5. Occupation and location
? Additional "soft" information:
? 1, summed up three personality characteristics for everyone.
? 2. Describe the atmosphere characteristics of each family: harmony or quarrel.
? 3. Specific problems in the family that will lead to quarrels: such as "jealousy" or "inheritance of property"
4. In the "gap" in the genealogy chart, people will find taboos and information breaks: from which ancestor's bloodline is discontinuous? Who or what events are missing from all the information?
? Genealogical information is family history, which shapes the background for a new understanding of the present.
? System symbol.
? System symbol is the integration of family system, but it cannot be understood as diagnosis.
? Alliance: used to express a very close relationship but not directed at a third party.
Union: Different from the meaning of alliance, it means a (usually secret) alliance between two people against a third party, at least across the boundaries of two generations.
Open or hidden conflict: this is often accompanied by unity and plays a role in transferring conflicts. If a child is involved in a conflict between his parents, this conflict is called a triangle conflict. The so-called hidden conflict means that if the observer finds many signs, inconsistent communication, hints, sudden silence, etc. All these caused conflicts, but the participants didn't say it clearly.
Home-Assistant-Map-Task Wheel
? From the perspective of ecosystem, the visitor system has many helpers and/or supervision systems, besides families, there are informal help systems, such as neighbors, friends and colleagues, and formal help and control systems, such as schools, doctors and hospitals, social services, courts and police, psychotherapists and so on. This is something to consider. In this way, a task turntable is formed. It lists important task presenters ("internal task presenters") and includes unfinished and hidden tasks. The "Family Assistant Diagram" is a family tree or family structure card with Minut (? ), it is about the current professional helper and the former helper underlined by dotted lines. Herwig-Lempu suggested using the "VP card" as a tool for social work: divide a visitor into four areas: family, friends/acquaintances, work/school and professional assistants, and fill in all the people who are important to the customer in each area. At present, people who are more important to customers are filled in the middle of the paper.
? Timeline-calendar card.
? If you want to deal with historical events in the family process at the same time, you can use a calendar card. Fill in the year (column) of each family member (line) from the time the cardholder's parents met. Those particularly important events are also listed in a separate column to compare with the events that happened in chronological order. It takes a lot of time to complete such a calendar card, but it often reveals surprising interrelationships.
? Attach a concise chronology of problems to the genealogy chart, which is quick and simple, and list the date of illness, the date of first diagnosis and the date of hospitalization and outpatient psychotherapy in chronological order. This helps to clarify the relationship between problem life and family development. Psychologists relate the development history of problems and symptoms to the history of all attempts to solve problems so far.
Organization chart.
The consultation of the organization begins with the formal organization chart. The deep structure reflects the relational model, analysis and understanding. Relationship model is often a part of the consultation process, even the core. Analyzing the difference between formal organization chart and informal organization chart will provide important assumptions for alliance and power in institutions. For the organization chart, you can ask the following questions:
? 1. Who occupies which formal positions and who occupies which informal positions? Who holds informal leadership positions? Who is the informal information connection point, in whose room to rest and drink coffee? Wait a minute.
? 2. Who is a member of the system and how long has it been? Where can we see the clues of conflict, alliances and alliances?
? 3. There are "ghosts", that is, those who still belong to the system even after leaving the system, such as the beloved late leader. Under his aura, it is difficult for successors to carry out their work; Or, it is not uncommon for enthusiastic retired directors to take a place on the board of directors of the organization as retired employees and control their successors in charities?
? 4. Where is the "body in the basement" lying? What events may link people's fate? For example, who tells who is sitting in which position?
? 5. The difference between full-time employees and part-time employees in terms of remuneration and salary level: which jobs are valued and which ones are not?
? 6. The treasure chest of the system: What past resources and experiences will be put forward?