Linyi has very convenient transportation and has formed a three-dimensional network connecting sea, air, road and railway. Linyi Airport, which has resumed flights, is a national second-class airport and the largest civil aviation airport in southern Shandong. Boeing 737 and McDonnell Douglas 82, which can take off and land, have initially opened 15 routes to all parts of the country. The territory is dominated by four transit national highways and 14 provincial highways, forming a highway network extending in all directions, and the overall level and density per square kilometer of highways exceed the national average. Along the (Zhou)-Shijiazhuang (Jiusuo) Railway, the Ping (Shang)-Lan (Shan) Railway and the coastal railway corridor from Harbin to the Yangtze River Delta, which will be built soon, intersect in China, running through the east, west, north and south. The completed Beijing (Beijing) Shanghai (Shanghai) expressway and Japan (Zhao) East (Ming) expressway form a cross in Linyi City with a mileage of 340 kilometers.
Linyi is located in the southeast of the hilly area in central and southern Shandong, with high terrain in the northwest and low terrain in the southeast. From north to south, Lushan Mountain, Yishan Mountain, Mengshan Mountain and Nishan Mountain extend to northwest and southeast, controlling the flow direction of the upper reaches of Yishu River and its main tributaries. Yishu River Basin is the center, surrounded by mountains in the north, west and east. Fan alluvial plain is formed in the south. The terrain is complex and the difference is obvious. The mountains are mountainous, the peaks are green, the hills are winding and undulating, the plains are endless, the rivers are criss-crossing, and the clear water is like practice. Mountains, hills and plains each account for one-third of the total area. The mountainous areas are concentrated in Yishui, Yinan, Mengyin, Pingyi, Feixian and Junan counties. The terrain is relatively high, generally above 400 meters above sea level. With dense vegetation, the mountainous area is the main base for developing forestry, fruit industry and animal husbandry, and crops such as yellow tobacco, peanuts, wheat and sweet potatoes are also planted. The hills are mainly distributed in the periphery of Yishui, Yinan, Junan, Lanshan, Cangshan, Linshu, Tancheng, Pingyi and other mountainous areas, with the widest distribution in the east of Shuhe River, with an altitude of 200-400 meters. The hilly soil is sandy, suitable for farming, thin in soil layer and poor in water and fertilizer conservation, which is suitable for developing shelter forests and economic forests. It is the main producing area of peanuts, sweet potatoes, corn, yellow tobacco and other crops. Plain includes Yishu River alluvial plain, valley plain and Laowa plain. Yishu River alluvial plain is mainly distributed in southern Yishui, eastern Yi 'nan, Hedong, country-specific ones, Luo Zhuang, Cangshan and Tancheng. Lincang Plain has a deep soil layer and fertile soil. It is a major grain and vegetable producing area and is known as the "granary". The valley plains are mainly distributed in Feixian, the middle of Pingyi, Pinggu in front of Mengshan Mountain, and the valleys of Mengyin, Yinan and Yishui counties. The soil layer is deep, the texture is moderate, and there are many crops such as wheat and corn. Waterlogged lowland plains are mainly distributed in Cangshan and south of Tancheng, with heavy soil, poor drainage and easy waterlogging. Many crops include wheat, rice and vegetables. The geological structure of this city is complex and the strata are well developed. From Archean to Cenozoic, except for Upper Ordovician, Ordovician, Devonian, Lower Carboniferous, Triassic, Middle and Lower Jurassic, Paleogene and Neogene strata, other fault zones all run through the northeast of Tancheng and the whole city. From north to south, there are mainly four mountain ranges: Lushan, Yishan, Mengshan and Nishan. There are more than 800 big hills, generally 200 to 500 meters above sea level. There are more than 500 peaks above 500 meters above sea level, and there are more than 10 peaks above sea level, showing the magnificent scenery of Yun Biao. The elevation of Mengshan Mountain is1156m, which is the second highest peak in Shandong Province. It is called "Asia of Daizong" and is a famous religious and cultural mountain in ancient times. Elevation of Yishan1032m. Known as Dongzhen in ancient times, it ranks first among the five towns, with beautiful scenery and beautiful scenery. These two mountains have long enjoyed a good reputation both at home and abroad. Mazong Mountain, Hamoyama, Tianbaoshan Mountain, Wenfeng Mountain, Jiazi Mountain, Yinque Mountain, Maling Mountain, Mengyin Mountain, Cangshan Mountain and Ai Shan are all famous for their unique features, historical events, figures, legends and products. There are many table mountains formed by flowing water erosion in the territory, which are called "ancient" locally and known as the seventy-two ancient Yimeng. In fact, there are more than 100 ancient buildings, which are magnificent. They are not only a wonder of China, but also extremely rare in the world. The famous ones are Meng Lianggu, Baodugu, North-South Valley, Longxi Valley, Liyang, Mo Yun, Sujia, Shichong, Jiwanggu and Zhuzi. During the War of Liberation, General Chen Yi jumped from Ma Meng to Yishui, and wrote a magnificent poem "One side is beautiful, and seventy-two are lovely". The climate is a warm temperate monsoon continental climate with four distinct seasons, abundant rainfall and mild climate. The annual average temperature is 14. 1℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 36.5℃, the minimum temperature is-1 1℃, the annual precipitation is 849mm, and the frost-free period is more than 200 days. There are more than 300 rivers 10 km in Linyi city, of which Yihe River is 287.5 km long and Shuhe River is 253 km long. There are 90 large and small reservoirs in the city, with a storage capacity of 3.4 billion cubic meters and abundant water resources.
The total land area of the city is 17 18992.74 hectares (2578489 1. 1 mu), accounting for 10.93% of the total land area of the province. The west and north are mountainous areas, and the east is hilly areas. The south-central part is a plain. The mountainous area is 3 13855.00 hectares (4707825.0 mu), accounting for18% of the city's total area; The hilly area is 7588 12.00 hectares (1kloc-0/382180.0 mu), accounting for 44% of the city's total area; The plain depression is 4634 1.00 hectares (9691515.0 mu), accounting for 38% of the city's total area. Soil types can be divided into five categories and eleven subcategories: brown soil, cinnamon soil, fluvo-aquic soil, black soil in Jiang Sha and paddy soil. Among them, the brown soil area is 6 15625.5 hectares (9234382.5 mu), accounting for14.2% of the total soil area; Cinnamon soil is 503,586.70 hectares (75,535,800.5 mu), accounting for 33.7%; Tidal soil is 242,955.30 hectares (3,644,329.5 mu), accounting for16.3%; Sand ginger soil 8 12 17.80 hectares (12 18267.0 mu), accounting for 5.4%; Paddy soil is 5 126 1.4 hectares (76892 1.0 mu), accounting for 3.4%.
Rich in water resources and excellent in water quality, most of them meet the standards of drinking water for people and livestock and industrial and agricultural water use. The average annual precipitation for many years is 824.8 mm, the average surface water resources for many years is 56.5438+0.6 billion cubic meters, and the total water resources is 5.96 billion cubic meters. The average annual total water resources is 5.47 billion cubic meters, the dry year is 3.82 billion cubic meters, and the extremely dry year is 2.2./kloc-0.0 billion cubic meters. The normal annual water supply of existing water conservancy projects is 365.438+0.8 billion cubic meters, of which the surface water supply is 2.5 billion cubic meters. 1995, the actual water consumption of the whole city was 194 billion cubic meters, including agricultural irrigation1kloc-0/5 billion cubic meters, industrial water 270 million cubic meters, domestic water for people and animals 2 100 billion cubic meters, and other water 320 million cubic meters. The development of China water system is pulse-shaped. There are four major water systems: yi river, Shuhe, China Canal and Binhai, which belong to the Huaihe River Basin. The main rivers are Yihe River and Shuhe River, with large tributaries 1035 and small and medium tributaries 15000. /kloc-There are more than 300 rivers over 0/0 km. The main source of yi river's hair originates from the northern foot of Laoshan Mountain at the junction of Yiyuan, Mengyin and Xintai. It flows through Yishui, Yinan, Lanshan, Hedong, Luo Zhuang, Cangshan, Tancheng and other counties, flows into Jiangsu Province and then flows into the Yellow Sea, with a total length of 570 kilometers and a domestic flow of 287.5 kilometers, with a maximum flow of 15400 m3/s (1957). The larger tributaries are Dongwen River, Menghe River, Liuqinghe River, Hehe River, Sugagawa River, Gongli River and Baima River, with a drainage area of 10790 square kilometers. The Shuhe River originates at the southern foot of Yishan, flows through Yishui, Juxian, Hedong, Linshu, Tancheng and other counties, and flows into the Yellow Sea of Jiangsu, with a total length of 252.6 kilometers and a maximum flow of 7290 cubic meters per second (1974) a year. The larger tributaries are Xunhe River, Gaoyu River and Tanghe River, which are divided into Shushu Waterway, Xiazhuang River and Zhufan River, with a drainage area of 5,320 square kilometers. Yishu River basin accounts for more than 70% of the city's total area. Rivers belonging to the central canal system include Wuhe River, Wuhe spillway, Dongjiahe River, Jiaqian River and Yanzi River, all of which flow into the central canal through Cangshan County and Jiangsu Province in the south. The coastal rivers include Xiuzhen River, Xiangdi River and Qingkou River, all of which flow into the Yellow Sea. All the rivers in China belong to mountain torrents, and there are many tributaries in the upper reaches, with short source and rapid flow, and high peak in rainy season, but most of them are cut off in dry season. There are 7 large reservoirs such as levee, Bashan, Shagou, Doosan, Xujiaya, tangcun and Huibaoling, 29 medium-sized reservoirs, 899 small reservoirs and 22 river dams, with a total storage capacity of 30. In the lower reaches of Yishu River, yi river Shuhe River flood diversion project and Wuhe River flood diversion project were built, which greatly improved the river conditions.
There are many kinds and wide distribution of mineral resources. By the end of 1994, 66 kinds of minerals have been discovered, including metal minerals 17, nonmetal minerals 1 45, fuel minerals13 and water-gas minerals. It accounts for 47.6438+04% of the discovered 140 minerals in the whole province. The main minerals are iron, titanium, copper, lead, aluminum, gold, silver, diamond, refractory clay, dolomite, fluorite, barite, alunite, seasonal sandstone, clay, shale, granite, limestone, gypsum, basalt, river sand coal, mineral water, geothermal and precious stones, jade, colored stone and inkstone. There are 25 kinds of proven reserves, accounting for 34. 25% of the 37 minerals with proven reserves in the province. The diamond reserves rank second in China, and the corresponding mineral reserves such as sandstone, clay, alunite, dolomite, clay and granite rank third in the province. There are 37 kinds of minerals mined in the city, with various mines 1650. Natural drinking mineral water, rich in resources and high in quality, origin 15. Mineral water contains strontium, metasilicic acid, lithium, zinc, molybdenum and other elements. There are two geothermal resources, namely Tangtou Hot Spring in Hedong and Xinwanggou Hot Spring in yinan county. The water temperature is 66 degrees and 72 degrees to 74 degrees respectively, and the water quantity is 200 to 300m3/d and 73.7 1m3/d respectively. The former has a salinity of 3.74g/L, a ph value of 3.73, and radon gas 16 ~ 18 Eman, which belongs to the fractured high-temperature spring water. The latter is fluorine-containing high-temperature salt-containing sulfate chloride sodium calcium water. They are all famous health spas.
Animal and plant resources and biological resources, the city has higher plants 15 1 family, 1043 species (including varieties or subspecies). Among them, there are 65 families and 367 species of woody plants, mainly including more than 830 kinds of medicinal plants such as Pinus tabulaeformis, Pinus densiflora, Platycladus orientalis, Robinia pseudoacacia, chestnut, persimmon, walnut, hawthorn, pear, apple, peach, apricot, pepper, poplar, willow, tung tree, Pinus massoniana, Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Phyllostachys pubescens, tea tree, Amorpha fruticosa, Lespedeza, jujube and so on. Millet 1 1 variety, soybean 10 variety, peanut 22 variety, cotton 7 variety, vegetable 200 variety, and rare crops such as fragrant rice, millet pea and broad bean 10 variety. There are about 14 classes 1049 species of animals, including 57 species of freshwater fish 15 families, 37 families of birds17/kloc-0 species, and 25 species of mammals in 7 orders. In addition, there are 54 insects1species and 7 spiders11species, which are rich in honeysuckle, ginkgo, garlic, chestnut, hawthorn, yellow pear, apple, pepper, silkworm cocoon, Bai Liu, langya grass, scorpion and toad venom. The best in the country
Shandong Luojin Group 1996 The newly-built slaughter workshop has a daily slaughter capacity of 8,000 heads and is the largest slaughter workshop in China. Linyi Tianda Watch Factory is the largest language watch factory in China. The reclining Buddha Temple Park in Ju 'nan County is the largest county-level park in China. The overall planning area of the park is more than 3,400 mu, with a total investment of 30 million yuan. There are attractions such as Bagua Array, Lingyun Pavilion and Fantasy City. Pingyi County is the first county of honeysuckle production in China. Honeysuckle cultivation in this county has a history of more than 500 years, with an annual output of 3.5 million kilograms, accounting for more than 60% of the total national output, ranking first in both yield and quality. Chang Lin diamond is one of the best diamonds in China. This diamond weighs 158.786 carats and was discovered by Wei in Changlin Village, Linshu County on June 5438+0977+February 2 1 2006. This diamond is crystal clear. Angular. Xiaobudong rubber dam in yi river is the longest rubber dam in the world at present. The barrage was designed by Linyi Water Conservancy Survey and Design Institute, and was listed as the highest in Shanghai Guinness World Headquarters 1999. Dadian town, Junan County, rubber barrage is the first town of abrasive tools in China. Its "Dapeng", "Laoshan" and "Jukun" brand series of abrasives are brand-name products in the abrasive market at home and abroad, with the output and export volume ranking first in the same industry in China for 9 consecutive years, and the output and export volume of ceramic abrasives ranking first in the country. Nantieniu stone-iron meteorite in Ju 'nan county is the largest stone-iron meteorite in the world. Meteorite is located in Datieniumiao Village, Pingzhen Town, Ju 'nan County. Shandong Dongfang Shuang Shan Lock Industry (Group) Co., Ltd. is the largest manufacturer of pure copper hand locks in China, and its sales volume ranks first in the same industry in China. The company has more than 500 employees, total assets of 50 million yuan and annual output value of 80 million yuan. Xincun Township, Tancheng County, China is the hometown of Ginkgo biloba in China, and it is the largest production base and sales distribution center of ginkgo fruits, leaves and seedlings in China. There are 23,000 ginkgo trees in this town.
Aiqu vegetable market is the largest farmer's market in China at present. The market is in Cangshan County. Pingyi County is the hometown of granite in China. Its granite reserves are 2.2 billion cubic meters, ranking first in China. Qilu International Canning City is the largest fruit processing base in China. The base is a provincial-level township enterprise demonstration zone established by local towns in Pingyi County, with 300 processing enterprises. Han group in Beizhai, yinan county, is the largest and most well-preserved large stone relief tomb in China. Ju 'nan County is the first county in China in peanut yield per unit area. There are 376,000 angora rabbits in Mengyin County, with an output of 8.89 million tons, ranking first in the country. Cangshan County is the county with the largest planting area and output of bamboo plants in China. The county also has the largest garlic wholesale market in China. Mengyin County has the largest and earliest primary diamond mine in China. The output and quality of toads in Junan County rank first in China. Our city is the first city in underdeveloped areas of China to popularize nine-year compulsory education. The enrollment rate of school-age children in the city is 99.97%, and the rate of primary school to junior high school is 99. 17%.