In fact, this technology just copied what our ancestors said. The key to making warp drive is how to realize the compression and expansion of time and space, which corresponds to the understanding of space rules. It's a pity that human science and technology are still too rough, and there is no in-depth understanding of space at all. Only Einstein's theory of relativity involves the bending of time and space, that is, massive objects can cause the bending of time and space. But beyond that, our understanding of the distortion and expansion of time and space is almost zero. Therefore, according to the current level of human science and technology, making warp drive is basically an idiotic dream.
However, the development of human science and technology is only a few thousand years, and the progress of human civilization is really insignificant compared with the time scale of tens of millions and hundreds of millions of years when the universe is still. Therefore, as long as enough time is given, I believe that according to the current scientific development speed of mankind, it is not difficult to master space technology, and it is also a piece of cake to make warp drive. After all, at 1900, it is hard for people to imagine what TV, computer and mobile phone are. Now, aren't they common objects?
Theoretically, warp flight can be realized. It is necessary to compress the space in front of the spacecraft with the Akubbery engine and expand the space behind the spacecraft to form a warp bubble, so that the speed of the spacecraft wrapped in the bubble exceeds the speed of light, which is not limited by Einstein's theory of relativity and time will not expand and slow down.
But Akuberi engine is only feasible in theory, but it can't be realized in reality.
First of all, the energy consumed by the Akuberi engine is completely unimaginable. It takes three suns to transport just a few atoms.
Secondly, the Akuberi engine will have negative energy density, and it needs foreign substances to drive it. At present, exotic substances exist only in theory and have never been found in the universe.
Thirdly, the Akuberi engine does not completely rule out time travel back to the past, which violates the timing protection mechanism, and the universe may never allow anyone to produce.
Fourth, although the matter in the universe is sparse, the spacecraft equipped with Akubbery engine can run at a speed exceeding the speed of light, which will inevitably affect the whole time and space. Just like flying a plane in the forest, it is likely to hit the tree in front. Warp bubbles are the same. Since the space in front of you is compressed, how much will those galaxies, stars, planets and intelligent life suffer? You also dare to guarantee your absolute safety?
Theoretically, curvature navigation or warping navigation does not violate the principles of physics, and can be completely realized. This driving mode itself is based on the existing physics theory. With this special driving mode, we can break through the speed limit and realize real interstellar travel. However, it should be noted that the warp navigation mentioned in "Three-body" and "Star Trek" is different.
In the universe, there are all kinds of substances in space, which will cause space to bend. All spaces are not flat and have a certain curvature. In "Three-body", the warp spacecraft can reduce the curvature of the rear space, causing the space with larger curvature in front to pull the spacecraft over, thus making the spacecraft sail at sub-light speed. In this case, the warp spacecraft will have a huge relativistic effect-the scale will slowly shrink, and based on this, interstellar travel can be realized.
In Star Trek, the warp spacecraft can compress the front space and expand the back space, so that the warp spacecraft can move "faster than light" relative to the curved space. In this case, the warp spacecraft is in a static state rather than superluminal state relative to the local space, so there will be no relativistic effect.
But no matter what kind of warp sailing, it needs something with negative mass to change the curvature of space, and we know nothing about this mysterious thing now.
Curvature flight is a kind of flight driven by warp speed. Strictly speaking, this kind of movement cannot be called flying, but jumping in time and space. Generally speaking, space-time communication is optimistic about the future of warp drive.
Theoretically, as long as there is enough energy, space-time can be twisted and folded.
Just like a piece of paper, it takes a long time for an ant to climb from one end to the other, but if it is folded, it can be crossed step by step or in parts according to the number of folds.
This kind of kung fu, a bit like what we described in ancient times, is called shrinking the ground, which can compress the earth and shorten the distance, so that this person can travel thousands of miles every day.
Warp-driven compression of space-time and folding up are the same as the so-called shrinking of the earth, but the effect is quite different.
This is an extension of the space-time bending theory of general relativity, and this idea in science fiction is gradually entering the practical research of scientists.
This technology is used in the sci-fi movie Star Trek, and the specific operation details of warp navigation are not introduced much, but in the end, the warp level is set to the maximum warp level 10. The warp speed of 1 is the speed of light in vacuum (C), which increases exponentially with the increase of grade, but the warp speed of 10 is infinite, unattainable and can only be infinitely close.
In reality, this concept was first put forward by German physicist Heim in the 1950s. He pointed out that warp navigation is to realize superluminal flight by using space-time distortion and space-time jump, and put forward some ideas.
But until his death, his theory did not attract attention, because everyone thought that it was impossible to create such a large gravitational field with the material conditions controlled by human beings.
Until 2005, German physicist Hauser and his colleague Droschel wrote a paper based on Heim's theory to explore the possibility of making a "hyperspace engine". Unexpectedly, this move was favored by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and awarded them the 2005 "Nuclear Energy and Future Aviation" project award. As a result, this seemingly sci-fi theory has regained the attention of the scientific community.
Some scientists began to take action.
Roger Leonard, a space power researcher at the Sandia National Laboratory of the US Department of Energy, is planning to do an experiment. He will use an X-ray generator to provide the magnetic field needed for the experiment.
20/kloc-in June, 2004, White, a mechanical engineer and physicist of NASA, was researching and developing the IXS Enterprise spacecraft which can be used for interstellar travel. Recently, he collaborated with 3D artist Rademaker to make a concept map of the spaceship, claiming that once the spaceship appeared, it only took two weeks to reach the place 4 light years away from the sun.
From May 2065438 to May 2005, NASA scientists in the United States conducted research on warp drive. The studio is located in Eagleworks Laboratory of NASA John Space Center, and the chief scientist is Dr. Harold White. They developed a set of power plant called EM drive, which gained a certain thrust. This thrust seems to violate the law of conservation of momentum, and some problems are still under study.
Some scientists believe that warp drive needs a huge gravitational field, and the energy needed to create such a field is so huge that human beings can't achieve it at present. However, other scientists have refuted this view, thinking that making a bubble with small curvature can meet the requirements of curvature jump with little energy.
This work is just the beginning, but it does have a very attractive prospect.
The speed of light is the limit of our time and space, and conventional flight cannot break through this limit, making interstellar travel difficult to achieve.
Warp drive's idea opened another window for mankind.
Using warp drive to jump in time and space can break through the speed limit and even get several times the speed of light. But because it is not flying at normal speed, it does not violate the principle of speed limit and will not produce time expansion effect.
In this way, there will be no paradox between grandparents and grandchildren, and people can realize interstellar jump in normal time.
What a wonderful prospect this is. Although this research is still in a semi-fantasy and semi-reality state, this theory has actually entered a heavyweight scientific institution. These scientists are not vegetarians. They are making this impossible thing possible step by step, and superluminal leap may no longer be a dream.
Therefore, it is reasonable to believe that when human beings reach the second-class civilization, warp drive will probably become the most important tool for human beings to enter interstellar space.
Fantasy, welcome to comment.
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Theoretically, there are three ways for human beings to travel between the stars. One is conventional space travel, that is, the spacecraft is propelled by an engine. With the progress of the engine, the speed of human interstellar travel will be faster and faster. But according to the general theory of relativity, it will never exceed the speed of light, because any object with static mass needs infinite energy to reach the speed of light, so it seems impossible for future interstellar travel to exceed the speed of light! However, scientists have also proposed two other ways of interstellar navigation, one is wormhole crossing, and the other is warp flight.
Wormhole crossing and warp flight are theoretically sailing modes that can surpass the speed of light, but in fact, both of them have to work hard on speed, just jumping out of the category of pursuing speed, thus making an idea in time and space, that is to say, wormhole crossing and warp flight are not playing with speed, but playing with time and space.
Wormhole, also called Einstein-Rosen Bridge, is a celestial body or phenomenon predicted in the theory of relativity. It is easy to understand its passage near the black hole. It is because the wormhole bends a certain part of time and space, which makes the distance between different places closer. It is like a piece of paper, which needs to pass through an edge, but if you fold the paper in half, it will arrive almost at once, so the wormhole is a shortcut.
However, there is another limitation, that is, the place where it appears is not easy to set, so if you use wormholes to cross, you can only cross to the original place. Interstellar travel is difficult to use, and humans have not found wormholes so far. Theoretically, if it exists, it is very small and short-lived, and it is not allowed to cross such a large object as a spaceship at all, so it is unrealistic to cross it with a wormhole.
If wormholes are a cosmic space-time phenomenon, then warp flight is an artificial space-time phenomenon. It is to compress the space-time in front of the spacecraft while it is moving forward, and at the same time expand the space-time behind the spacecraft, so that if the spacecraft is extremely fast, theoretically the spacecraft can exceed the speed of light.
However, although this is true in theory, the compression and expansion of space-time require almost unlimited energy. Although many sci-fi movies, such as Star Trek, have the assumption of flying at warp speed, it is unthinkable for us humans to realize such interstellar travel at present.
Let's look at curvature drive first.
Curvature drive is a driving method to obtain the forward power of spacecraft by changing the curvature of the front and rear space of spacecraft. This is a common phenomenon in science fiction and movies.
Its theory comes from the concept put forward by Mexican physicist Mingo Alku Bailey in 1994. Its essence is to drive the spacecraft to contract and expand through space, thus "bypassing" the limit speed of relativity (this limit is real).
The universe we have observed has existed for 65.438+037 billion years, and the farthest celestial body we have observed is more than 40 billion light years away. This shows that space expands much faster than the speed of light. You can simply imagine the inflated balloon as the universe, and the stars are the points on the balloon.
Does this violate the theory of relativity? No, relativity describes that information cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Space itself does not carry information.
Therefore, curvature flight is feasible in theory.
However, through calculation, scientists need to concentrate the energy of the whole solar system to accelerate a spaceship and exceed the speed of light, so that the space is curved and smooth.
This may require us to develop into a second civilization, and it is only by mastering Dyson sphere that it is possible to make this kind of aircraft.
To sum up, it is impossible to build a curved plane in the future 1000.
Using the so-called "space-time bending" to realize "curvature flight" can only be a fantasy of science fiction writers' divine logic, which can never be realized in physical logic.
Let me clarify the related concepts and do some in-depth interpretation, hoping to warn some addicts.
First, the general meaning of curvature.
Curvature (k) is the rotation angle (θ) of unit arc length (s): k = δ θ/δ S. The radius of curvature or circle (r) is the reciprocal of curvature: r =1/k. Because: k = δ θ/δ s = δ θ/r δ θ =1/.
The curvature of the bulge is positive, indicating that the energy is increasing. The curvature of the depression is negative, which means that the energy is reduced. The curvature of the inflection point is zero, which means that it is temporarily flat.
Second, deeply interpret the law of inertia.
The law of inertia is a universal law: the motion of any object system keeps a uniform linear motion or is relatively static. The uniform linear motion of an object system means its ultimate dynamic balance. Without more or less energy to maintain motion, it is impossible to use stillness.
In Riemannian geometry, even linear motion is geodesic cycle and uniform circular motion with minimum curvature. Therefore, the uniform motion of the law of inertia should be changed to "uniform circular motion"
All natural systems move in a unified cycle. They are the most economical perpetual motion machines in nature, the driving force is only enough for their own movement, and there is nothing superfluous to be opportunistic.
▲ Why is the electron cloud density at the edge more sparse?
Third, the in-depth interpretation of the principle of entropy increase.
Entropy indicates the degree of chaos or disorder in the movement of objects. Entropy increasing principle, that is, δ s ≥ 0. It means that the motion of the object system always decays and decreases in frequency, and constantly tends to the final inertia, dynamic balance, uniform linear motion and uniform circular motion. Therefore, the principle of entropy increase is the thermodynamic expression of the law of inertia, which has the same effect.
For example, during the long-term travel in deep space, the electromagnetic wave energy radiated by stars is continuously attenuated and the frequency is continuously reduced. This phenomenon is called "entropy increasing redshift", which can subvert the Big Bang theory.
Fourthly, the deep interpretation of the theory of space-time bending.
The core of general relativity is curvature of spacetime's theory, which is rampant. Perhaps because of this sacred logic, science fiction writer Liu Faming invented the curvature flight.
▲ Space-time bending theory turned Einstein into a great god of science.
In fact, the optical path curve is only because the mass density gradient (▽×m) or energy density gradient (▽●E) of the spatial medium carrying light near the celestial body is relatively large. However, the optical path curve is also a dynamic balance, and its mass curvature or energy density gradient can only be self-sufficient and cannot be opportunistic.
▲ A curvature flight design that makes people "open their brains".
It's like: the tornado involved nearby cars, not because of the curvature of time and space, but also because of the great energy density gradient of the air medium.
To sum up: Liu is not responsible for the illusion of curvature flight. In the final analysis, it is Einstein's general theory of relativity at work.
A: This possibility exists in theory, but it is extremely difficult to realize in practice!
Warp flight is a completely different driving mode from the traditional propulsion mode, based on Einstein's general theory of relativity-space can be bent. Then we manipulate and bend the space to drive the objects in the space to achieve equivalent relative motion.
This reminds people of the star ring number of the "Three-body" medium-range center and Ai AA. The engine is driven by warp speed, and the equivalent speed is the speed of light; And in the movie Star Trek, warp drive is also an important technology, and its equivalent speed far exceeds the speed of light.
One of the main limitations of superluminal flight is Einstein's theory of relativity. Special relativity prohibits the superluminal transmission of any form of effective information, and naturally prohibits the superluminal motion of matter.
But the general theory of relativity leaves a gap, that is, the expansion speed of space can exceed the speed of light. Warp flight theory uses this principle to conceive a technology to manipulate space motion.
The space in front of the spacecraft is compressed, and then moves to the rear of the spacecraft to expand, which is equivalent to the space pushing the spacecraft forward, and does not produce "inertia force" on the spacecraft. Because the motion of space is not limited by the speed of light, the equivalent motion of spacecraft can exceed the speed of light.
Warp speed represents the measure of space warp, not the real speed, so it bypasses the speed limit of relativity. At the same time, the influence of warping speed can also be regarded as moving speed equivalently, so as to realize equivalent superluminal movement.
At present, the biggest technical difficulty is that it cannot generate enough energy to bend the space, so the corresponding research basically stays in theory.
For human beings, warp flight may be the only way out in the distant future. Imagine that if the existence of warp flight is prohibited by nature, it means that human beings will always be confined to a small corner of the universe. The universe is so vast that human beings can only look at it from a distance and cannot reach it. What a terrible thing this will be!
It is indeed possible in theory, based on Einstein's general theory of relativity.
General relativity has completely broken our traditional understanding of the structure of time and space, from Newton's absolute view of time and space to the elastic structure of time and space. In other words, the space-time structure of our life is not flat, but elastic, which can be stretched, folded or even torn!
Space-time characteristics can theoretically make scientists "make a big fuss". For example, the "warp technology" mentioned in the title, that is, the warp drive technology, creates space-time "bubbles" around the spacecraft and uses strong magnetic fields to create gravitational fields. If the magnetic field is strong enough, it can enter a second dimension higher than our time and space. As soon as the magnetic field disappears, the spacecraft will return to real time and space!
Therefore, in theory, it is very possible to achieve "superluminal" flight in the future. This superluminal flight does not mean that the absolute speed "exceeds the speed of light", but uses the characteristics of the space-time structure, in which the spacecraft itself is in a relatively static state!
Another possibility is that by using the elasticity of time and space, we can create a "wormhole" structure, which can reach any theoretical distance in an instant!
Although the speed of light does not allow us to surpass it, nature has not closed all the "doors". We can indirectly "exceed the speed of light" by using the laws of nature!
A: Curvature drive is feasible in theory, but curvature flight is not feasible in technology.
Einstein's general theory of relativity shows that space is not flat, and if space is compared to a movie, then the movie is uneven. Curvature flight is not a conventional way of movement, but can be called space resistance. Its essence is to transform space, thus breaking the insurmountable limit of light speed. For example, the widely accepted BIGBANG speed is superluminal, which means that the expansion and movement speed of space can be superluminal.
At the same time, the curvature flight in "Three-body" reached the speed of light, but the space that the spacecraft flew over was disposable. The power of this flight mode is driven by the nature of space, rather than the conventional application of energy to improve the speed, which will never reach the speed of light (impossible, Einstein will not allow it).
Curvature-driven hopes that one day this way of appearing in science fiction works will shine into our reality. Whether the life of the sun is up or Andromeda is coming, we can all run happily.