Based on the analysis and reflection on the problems existing in the informatization construction of geological data management and service, this paper makes a preliminary discussion on improving the management and service level of geological data by using informatization technology.
Keywords: geological data public service informationization
The continuous and in-depth application of information technology provides technical support for the comprehensive management and application of geoscience data. Geological data is a basic and strategic geological data resource. It is of great significance to improve the comprehensive management level and public service ability of geological data, realize social sharing of geological data and provide basic geological information support for economic and social development.
1 geological data informatization
Informatization is a process of promoting the exchange of information resources and the enjoyment of knowledge, and promoting the integration, enjoyment and re-creation of information resources by using system thought and information technology. Geological data informatization is based on the needs of geological data management and public service, and comprehensively uses information science and technology to digitize and improve the traditional data management and service model. Its purpose is to improve the efficiency of geological data management and service and promote the sharing of geological information resources.
After decades of development, the digital information resources of geological data have been continuously accumulated, and the geological data work has gradually developed from traditional management and service to modernization and informationization. Digitalization of information storage, networking of information dissemination and real-time information processing have become the remarkable characteristics of information technology. At present, digital information resources are increasing day by day, and data standardization, data multidimensional, system intelligence, platform integration and application socialization have become the mainstream of digital resource management [1]. Using information technology to develop and innovate geological data management and service, giving full play to the role of geological data information resources, improving the efficiency of information acquisition and enjoyment, improving the ability of geological data information management and public service, and meeting the needs of economic and social development for geological data are issues that need serious consideration.
2 Geological data management and service information construction problems
2. 1 The informatization level of the basic business of geological data is low.
The management and service of geological data can not meet the development requirements of information technology. For a long time, the management and service of geological data are mainly based on paper media, and the means of query and retrieval are manual ledger and simple spreadsheet. With the development of electronic document collection, digital graphic scanning and catalogue database construction, the management and service of geological data began to move towards the road of paper-electricity synchronization and the combination of tradition and modernity. In the process of this combination and change, due to the constraints of capital, technology, manpower and other factors, relevant technologies and standards have not been established, and traditional concepts have not changed. Only a certain degree of informatization has been realized in some work links, and the manual operation mode has not really been shaken off, resulting in the lag of informatization construction of geological data management and service basic business.
The construction and investment of geological data collection are insufficient, and the construction of information system lags behind. The establishment of geological data digital resources, digital storage systems and service systems requires a lot of capital investment, but at present, many collection institutions lack sustained and stable investment in normal business construction.
2.2 The quality of digitized geological data is worrying.
The degree of data standardization is low, the quantity and quality of service data sources can't meet the needs, and there is a phenomenon of "less new materials, less electronic documents and less high-quality materials" [2]. According to statistics, among the 3,363 kinds of data received by the National Geological Archives in 2007, the pass rate of electronic files was less than 10%, which was mainly manifested in the following aspects: the submitted electronic files did not meet the requirements of the specifications, the data and information were incomplete, and some maps were not made in conformity with the geological specifications. The decline in the quality of electronic documents and the low degree of data standardization have become prominent problems in the management and service of digital achievements. The management efficiency of various data needs to be improved. The management level of geological data is difficult to meet the requirements of information resources development and service [3]. Due to the early construction time and long cycle of some databases, many software systems used in the databases have been updated or upgraded, especially some geoscience softwares, which are not well designed in the early stage and have poor compatibility with data, which brings difficulties to the management and use of data in the later stage.
2.3 insufficient accumulation of geological data digital resources
The construction of digital resources of geological data is slow and the accumulation of basic data sources is insufficient. At present, the construction of geological data digital resources mainly includes the construction of various basic geological databases and the ongoing scanning and digitization of graphic geological data. At present, some basic geological databases have been built, but important basic geological databases such as1:50,000 and1:250,000 have not been built, which cannot meet the needs of geological prospecting and major economic construction projects. Digitization of graphic geological data has been carried out for nearly ten years, and some achievements have been made. However, compared with the demand of information construction and social service of geological data, the data reserve is still insufficient. According to statistics, by the end of 2009, collection institutions at all levels in China had completed 163427 kinds of digital graphic materials, accounting for 44.76% of the total collection materials in the same period, of which 40,000 kinds were completed by the National Geological Archives, accounting for 37. 18% of the total collection materials. 3 1 provincial (city, district) libraries have completed 123427 species, accounting for 47.9% of the total collection materials. Take the National Geological Archives as an example. At the current speed, it will take five years to scan and digitize all the collected materials. In addition, vectorization of some geological data with large practical demand and wide application scope and digitization of important original geological data have not been carried out, and many valuable basic data resources such as borehole geological data database have not been built. These important information resources are in danger of being lost if they are not digitized in time.
2.4 The comprehensive management of geological data and the construction of service system are slow.
The comprehensive management of geological data and the construction of service system are lack of overall planning, and the effective connection between various business processes has not yet been realized. From the point of view of improving efficiency, informatization construction requires that the information management system should operate in a coordinated way in the whole business process of geological data collection, acceptance, preservation, utilization, service, processing and distribution. Due to the lack of overall planning and unified standards, there is a tendency to emphasize technology over data and results over management, and the business requirements of the system are not completely straightened out, which restricts the construction and application of the system. The comprehensive management and service system of geological data is lack of overall consideration and slow construction, which restricts the improvement of the overall level of geological data work. At the same time, technical equipment is updated frequently, and various information systems are scattered and repeated, so the system correlation is low. Many systems have been built and not used, so they cannot be popularized and applied continuously.
3. Suggestions on strengthening geological data management and service informatization
3. 1 Strengthen basic business work and improve the informatization level of basic data business.
The basic business work of geological data is the basis for improving the management and service level of geological data. The fundamental purpose of improving the informatization level of geological data basic business is to improve work efficiency and realize the modern management of geological data. First of all, it is necessary to unify the collection, acceptance, storage, use, processing and service of geological data, optimize the workflow, avoid duplication of work, make the whole workflow effectively connected, and realize an efficient, accurate and systematic management and service process. Secondly, strengthen the top-level design of geological data management and service, further sum up experience, strengthen the investment in collection construction, improve the existing standards, and establish a technical system of management and service and a framework for digital information resources management that conforms to the laws of geological data work.
3.2 Improve the quality of data results and strengthen the comprehensive management of multi-source heterogeneous data.
The quality of data results is an important factor to improve the management and service level of geological data results. Strengthen the quality of electronic documents, establish operational data management standards and norms such as data sharing and exchange, data management and storage, data call and distribution, and lay a foundation for improving the quality of data results. For all kinds of databases and related application systems, it is necessary to strengthen the effective organization and management of data, improve related databases, and improve the use efficiency of related application systems. In addition, we should make full use of the established database resources to realize data exchange, data sharing and collaborative management among different databases, and use the functions of GIS in spatial data storage and management to systematically manage various spatial data, attribute data and image data, so as to realize the scientific storage and management of massive data.
3.3 Strengthen the accumulation of basic data sources and lay a solid foundation for the construction of geological data digital resources.
The accumulation and management of digital information resources is still the core of geological work informatization [3], and it is also the basis of social service of geological data. First, speed up the construction of basic geoscience database. Practice has proved that basic geoscience data resources play an important role in geological prospecting, major engineering construction, geological disasters, earthquake resistance and drought resistance. To promote the updating and improvement of the established basic geoscience database and accelerate the construction of basic geoscience data sources such as1:50,000 geological map spatial database and other important original geological data. Secondly, speed up the digitization of geological data. On the basis of systematically summarizing ten years' digitization experience, we will further improve the related technologies and norms of geological data digitization and speed up the scanning digitization of existing geological data. Finally, strengthen the management of geological data collection. By mastering the information of geological work projects and innovating the exchange mechanism, the data sources of geological data in the collection are continuously enriched.
3.4 Clarify the data workflow and speed up the construction of comprehensive management and service system of geological data.
The comprehensive management and service system of geological data is an effective means to improve the level and efficiency of geological data management and service. First of all, strengthen unified leadership and coordinate operations. Unified planning, straighten out the process, change the situation of fragmented and redundant information system construction, and improve the efficiency of information system construction. Secondly, follow the laws of information system construction and geological data work. By rationalizing the workflow, clarifying the demand, establishing a management system for the coordinated operation of geological data collection, acceptance, preservation, utilization, service, processing and distribution, and learning from local construction experience, the practicability of the system is improved. Thirdly, optimize the structure of catalog database, improve the efficiency and quality of retrieval, promote the construction of file-level catalog database of geological data, fully tap and utilize the information of catalog database, and improve the management ability of geological data.
4 conclusion
The informatization construction of geological data is a long-term and systematic work, involving the business system, network system, technical system, standard system, information data system, service system, guarantee system, corresponding management system and operation mechanism of geological data management and service. Comprehensively coordinate all aspects of informatization construction, gradually promote the informatization construction of geological data, develop and innovate geological data management and service with the help of information technology, innovate service methods, improve service level, and comprehensively improve the ability of geological data information to serve economic and social development.
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