What are the differences and connections between responsible companies, joint-stock companies, group companies and listed companies?

A limited liability company, also known as a limited company, refers to an enterprise legal person established by shareholders who meet the statutory conditions and are liable to the company within the limit of their capital contribution, and the company is liable to the company's debts with all its assets. A limited liability company is similar to a joint stock limited company in that (1) all shareholders bear limited liability to the company. No matter in a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company, shareholders bear limited liability to the company, and the scope of "limited liability" is limited to the capital contribution of the shareholder company. (2) Shareholders' property is separated from the company's property. After shareholders invest in the company, the property constitutes the company's property, and shareholders no longer directly control and dominate this part of the property. At the same time, the company's property has nothing to do with other properties of the company that shareholders have not invested in. Even if the company is insolvent, shareholders will only be responsible for their investment in the company and will not bear other responsibilities. (3) Limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies are responsible for all assets of the company. In other words, the company only undertakes limited liability externally, and the scope of "limited liability" is all assets of the company. In addition, the company no longer undertakes other property liabilities. The difference between a limited liability company and a joint stock limited company: (1) They are different in terms of establishment conditions and fund raising. The conditions for the establishment of a limited liability company are more relaxed, and the conditions for the establishment of a joint stock limited company are more stringent; A limited liability company can only raise funds from sponsors, but not from the public. A joint stock limited company may raise funds from the public. Limited liability companies have the highest and lowest requirements for the number of shareholders, while joint stock limited companies only have the lowest requirements for the number of shareholders, but there is no highest requirement. (2) The difficulty of share transfer between the two companies is different. In a limited liability company, shareholders have strict requirements on the transfer of their own capital contribution, which is more restricted and more difficult. In a joint stock limited company, shareholders can freely transfer their own shares, which is not as difficult as a limited liability company. (3) The forms of equity certificates of the two companies are different. In a limited liability company, the shareholder's equity certificate is a capital contribution certificate and cannot be transferred or circulated; In a joint stock limited company, the shareholder's equity certificate is stock, that is, the shares held by shareholders are embodied in the form of shares, which is a certificate issued by the company to prove that shareholders hold shares and can be transferred and circulated. (4) The shareholders' meeting and the board of directors of the two companies have different powers. In a limited liability company, because the number of shareholders is limited and relatively small, it is convenient to convene a shareholders' meeting, so the authority of the shareholders' meeting is large, and the directors are often held by the shareholders themselves, and the separation of ownership and management rights is low; In a joint stock limited company, because there is no upper limit on the number of shareholders, the number of shareholders is large and scattered, it is difficult to convene a shareholders' meeting, and the proceedings of the shareholders' meeting are complicated, so the authority of the shareholders' meeting is limited, the authority of the board of directors is greater, and the degree of separation of ownership and management rights is higher. (5) The disclosure of financial status of the two companies is different. In a limited liability company, due to the limited number of companies, the financial and accounting statements may not be audited by certified public accountants or announced, as long as they are sent to shareholders within the prescribed time limit; In a joint stock limited company, due to the large number of shareholders, it is difficult to classify, so the accounting statements must be audited by certified public accountants and issued a report, and must also be filed for shareholders' reference. Among them, a joint stock limited company established by way of offering must also announce its financial and accounting reports. A group company is a group company organized to act together for a certain purpose. There is no concept of "group" in company law, only limited liability companies and joint-stock limited liability companies. However, in reality, we often see the name of a group company. In fact, this is just a company (or enterprise) alliance formed by the close relationship between several companies in business, circulation and production. In addition, some companies have diversified their business strategies and set up corresponding subsidiaries in many fields. In this way, the parent-subsidiary company will form an enterprise group because of this "blood relationship", which is quite similar to the group army in the army. These are the origins of the group companies we often talk about. A listed company refers to a joint stock limited company whose shares are listed and traded on the stock exchange with the approval of the securities administration department authorized by the State Council or the State Council. The so-called unlisted company refers to a joint stock limited company whose shares are not listed and traded on the stock exchange. A listed company is a joint stock limited company, which must meet certain conditions besides being approved to be listed and traded on the stock exchange.