Give full play to the leading role of the "Leader" plan.
According to the reporter's understanding, China's photovoltaic industry has mainly relied on three aspects to reduce costs in the past decade: first, the experience curve, learning from foreign countries; Second, the scale effect, the rapid decline in costs; The third is technological innovation. At present, the utility of empirical curve is very low, and the scale effect is close to "floor". Continuous technological innovation has become the most effective means to promote the upgrading and development of photovoltaic industry and finally realize cheap internet access. Since the implementation of the photovoltaic "leader" plan for more than a year, the popularization of high-efficiency and high-reliability products has been rapidly accelerated. The guiding role of advanced technology and the efficiency improvement of photovoltaic products are also very obvious.
The reporter consulted a "20 15 investment invitation document for the national advanced technology photovoltaic demonstration base in Datong coal mining subsidence area", which has strict regulations on the construction indicators of photovoltaic base power stations: for example, the system efficiency of photovoltaic power stations in the first year is not less than 81%; The efficiency of single crystal module is above 17%, and the conversion efficiency of polysilicon photovoltaic module is not lower than 16.5%. The inverter shall have zero voltage ride-through function, with the highest conversion efficiency not less than 99% and comprehensive efficiency not less than 98.2%. Obviously, it will be difficult for some low-tech photovoltaic module products and weak small and medium-sized enterprises to participate in the plan.
As the first "leader" project in China, the first phase of the national advanced technology photovoltaic demonstration base in Datong coal mining subsidence area was connected to the grid at the end of June last year.
It is understood that the project * * * uses photovoltaic modules1010.6 million kilowatts, of which monocrystalline silicon modules are 609,000 kilowatts, accounting for 60%. At present, many provinces in China have started bidding for the "Leader" base project, and the winning enterprises generally have high popularity and strong technical strength in the industry.
For example, GCL New Energy and Yingli Energy, which successfully won the bid for the "Leader" base project last year, are the best examples.
In addition, at present, Trina Solar, Hanergy Holdings, Jinneng Technology, Artes, Jingke Energy and many other powerful photovoltaic enterprises have also joined the photovoltaic "Leader" program.
According to the calculation of relevant departments, compared with conventional components, the advanced technology components of "Leader" have achieved an increase of 5%~8% in installed capacity per unit area with almost no increase in cost, which has a significant impact on reducing the cost of photovoltaic power generation. Nowadays, under the guidance of the "Leader" plan, not only the "Leader" base project has clear standards for technological advancement and conversion efficiency, but other photovoltaic projects have also begun to take the initiative to align with the "Leader". For example, in the process of large-scale centralized bidding last year, many domestic mainstream power station investors demanded that the general project equipment products should also meet the efficiency standards of the "Leader" plan.
Li Shimin told reporters that this year, the country will also launch an upgraded version of the "Leader" plan, which will pay more attention to technological progress. Relevant departments should give full play to the technology leading role of the "Leader" program, and let more new technologies be applied to the photovoltaic field, which is bound to effectively reduce the cost of photovoltaic power generation.
Push the second point
Fully implement online bidding.
On May 30th, 20 16, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Energy Bureau jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on Improving the Scale Management of Photovoltaic Power Generation and Implementing the Competitive Configuration Project. Now, under the framework of this guidance, give full play to the role of the market mechanism and activate the development potential of the photovoltaic industry. This is particularly obvious in the bidding of photovoltaic "leader" projects.
It is understood that based on the above guidance, the 20 16 photovoltaic "leader" plan has specially increased the content of bidding for online access. Among them, last year 10, Yingli Energy successfully won the bid for the "Leader" project in Wuhai, Inner Mongolia at an ultra-low price of 0.45 yuan/kWh, which was lower than the current civil electricity price and shocked the industry. People seem to see the dawn of photovoltaic parity internet access.
According to the person in charge of the relevant enterprises participating in the bidding of Wuhai photovoltaic "leader" project, the main reason why some enterprises dare to "compete at low prices" is that the prices of photovoltaic modules are constantly falling. Another reason is that the winner of the "Leader" project can go online first and get subsidies. So in this case, with better payment conditions, the best management team and the best financial resources, it is possible to achieve a small profit at a price similar to 0.45 yuan/kWh.
Looking at the global photovoltaic market, some countries have also achieved a sharp drop in the price of photovoltaic power generation through bidding. For example, in the bidding of 20 16 UAE photovoltaic project, the lowest price is 2.42 cents/kwh; In a recent tender for photovoltaic projects in India, the lowest price was only 2.99 cents/kWh.
Li Shimin told reporters that bidding online is not only the development process of the photovoltaic industry, but also the bidding method of the "leader" project, which can be reshuffled through competition, and enterprises without technological advantages will withdraw from the competition. The purpose is to urge photovoltaic enterprises to speed up the pace of technological innovation, improve conversion efficiency and reduce electricity costs.
Xing, deputy researcher of the New Energy and Renewable Energy Department of the National Energy Administration, recently said that in 20 16, public bidding will be mainly conducted in eight "front-runner" bases, and the average on-grid electricity price of each project will be reduced by 20 cents compared with the local photovoltaic benchmark, which is expected to save subsidies1500 million yuan. 20 16 ordinary projects do not adopt bidding method. In order to promote the photovoltaic industry to reduce costs faster, this year will also adopt the bidding model for ordinary projects.
Push the third point.
Optimize the planning and design of power station
"At the same time as the on-grid tariff is lowered, ordinary photovoltaic power plant projects will also fully open the bidding mechanism. As a result, photovoltaic power plants will gradually enter the era of' low profit'. Under the premise of the diversified development of photovoltaic power generation application mode and the rapid improvement of photovoltaic manufacturing technology, how to strengthen the refined design and equipment selection before the construction of photovoltaic power stations is becoming more and more important for further reducing the cost of photovoltaic power generation. " Industry insiders told reporters.
Xiao Bin, Dean of Photoelectric Branch of Northwest Survey and Design Institute of China Electric Power Construction, recently said at the second seminar on design and equipment selection of photovoltaic power stations that through refined and customized design rules, environmental friendliness, beautiful scenery, ecological benefits and economic benefits were integrated into the planning and design concept of photovoltaic power stations, which put forward a brand-new design concept for photovoltaic power stations.
In order to carry out refined and customized design, it is necessary to consider the comprehensive utilization of land resources when planning the location of photovoltaic power stations. For example, photovoltaic power plants can be built in the form of complementary agriculture and light, complementary fishing and light, and complementary animal husbandry, so as to realize the complementarity and promotion of traditional industries and photovoltaic benefits, and finally realize the double harvest of ecological benefits and economic benefits.
In addition, Wu Qiren, chief engineer of Three Gorges New Energy, said at the above seminar: "It is necessary to analyze the inclination angle and assembly string of photovoltaic subarrays in detail, choose the slope and orientation that are conducive to the layout of photovoltaic power stations, and avoid the surrounding tall buildings. Under the premise of land conditions, comprehensive analysis will be made to increase the spacing between the front and rear assembly brackets to extend the power generation time. " Li Shimin also told reporters that there is still much room for optimization in the design of photovoltaic power plants. For example, increasing the installed capacity of photovoltaic modules can increase power generation, reduce the number of inverters and save costs, which is essentially to improve the yield of power stations; The loss and use of cables are also the key points to be considered in the optimization design. Usually, the cable laying amount is related to the array arrangement, series-parallel connection, terrain and the location of inverter room.
In equipment selection, if 1500 V DC system is adopted, DC cable loss can be effectively reduced and system efficiency can be improved. It is understood that GCL adopted the 1500 V DC system in the 30 MW agricultural photovoltaic power station in Donggou, Funing, Jiangsu Province, which reduced the DC line loss of the photovoltaic power station by about 30% and improved the system efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power station by about 0.4% without increasing the cable cost.