1950 65438+ 10/4. Sweden recognized the new China and established diplomatic relations with China on May 9, 1950, becoming the first western country to establish diplomatic relations with China. In the same year, the two countries exchanged ambassadors, and Geng Biao was China's first ambassador to Sweden. Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, Sino-Swiss relations have developed steadily, and exchanges and cooperation between the two countries in political, economic, cultural and other fields and at all levels have increased day by day, with remarkable results.
Bilateral economic and trade relations and economic and technological cooperation
After the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Sweden, the economic and trade relations between the two countries have developed by leaps and bounds. Sweden attaches great importance to developing the China market. As of August 20 13, China * * * approved 240 Swiss investment projects in China, with an actual investment of 2.66 billion US dollars. Industries mainly include telecommunications, automobiles and parts, electrical appliances, building materials, printing, pharmaceuticals and paper making. The main Swiss enterprises in China are: Electrolux (China) Electric Appliance Co., Ltd., SKF (China) Investment Co., Ltd., AstraZeneca Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jinan Huawo Truck Co., Ltd., Nanjing Ericsson Communication Co., Ltd., Beijing Ericsson Communication System Co., Ltd., IKEA, etc. By August of 20 13, China had invested a total of 2.52 billion US dollars in Switzerland, involving automobile, tourism, trade, software development, air transportation and other fields. In 2006, the two countries signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Strengthening Sino-Swiss Cooperation in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises and the Sino-Swiss Agreement on Economic, Industrial and Technical Cooperation. In 2007, the two countries signed a memorandum of understanding on corporate social responsibility.
In 2009, the17th meeting of the Sino-Swiss Joint Commission on Economy and Trade was held in Switzerland, and the two sides signed the Memorandum of Understanding on Establishing a Working Group on Corporate Social Responsibility Cooperation. On 20 10, the two countries signed the memorandum of cooperation for small and medium-sized enterprises and the medium-and long-term plan for corporate social responsibility cooperation. In August, Geely Group completed the acquisition of Volvo, becoming the largest overseas acquisition of China automobile enterprises. In 20 12, the "China-Sweden SME Innovation Forum" was held in Beijing, and the national electric vehicle company under China Guoneng Electric Power Group acquired Saab Automobile Group. In 20 13, the bilateral trade volume between China and Sweden was137.8 billion USD, up by 3.3% year-on-year.
Exchanges and cooperation between the two countries in the fields of culture, science and technology, education and military affairs.
/kloc-In the 1950s of 0/9, officers of the Swedish Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission in North Korea visited China in batches, and the Chinese and Swedish military began to contact.
From 65438 to 0983, the Ministry of Culture of China and the Swedish Society signed the Minutes of Cultural Cooperation and Exchange Talks. 1992, the two countries exchanged notes on cultural exchange projects. 1998, the two sides signed a new cultural exchange plan. 200 1, the two sides signed a new letter of intent for cultural exchange. 20 10 the two countries signed a memorandum of understanding on cultural cooperation.
Sino-Swiss scientific and technological exchanges began in the 1970s. Delegations from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the Royal Academy of Engineering (1975) and the China Academy of Sciences (1977) exchanged visits in China. 1978, China and Sweden set up a mixed Committee on scientific and technological cooperation (bureau level), 198 1 year, and China and Sweden signed a protocol on scientific and technological cooperation. 1992, China launched the scientific experimental satellite "Feullias" for Sweden. The scientific and technological cooperation between the two sides has expanded to more than 80 projects in more than 20 fields, including communications, environmental protection, medicine, agriculture, forestry and aerospace.
Since 1964, China and Sweden have officially exchanged international students. Since 1980s, the exchanges between the two countries in the field of education have been increasing. Swedish Minister of Education (1980, 2000, 2003, 2008), Director of Higher Education Department (1982, 2007) and China Minister of Education He Dongchang (1983) exchanged visits. 1983, China Education Commission and Swedish Institute signed an exchange agreement. In 2006, the two countries signed a framework agreement on higher education cooperation. By the end of 20 10, there were about 3,700 public and self-funded students from China in Switzerland, and about 1 100 Swiss students in China. The two countries exchange about 40 foreign students at public expense every year. 20 1 1 in may, 2008, the Ministry of national education of China and the Swedish society signed a letter of intent for 20 1 1 to 20 13 education and scientific and technological cooperation. In 2005, China opened the first Confucius Institute in Europe-the Confucius Institute in Stockholm, Northern Europe. By the end of 20 14, China had opened four Confucius Institutes in Switzerland.
consular relations
1996, Sweden opened its consulate general in Shanghai. From 65438 to 0997, China opened its Consulate General in Gothenburg, the second largest city in Sweden. 1997, the two sides reached an agreement and exchanged notes on retaining the Swiss Consulate General in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. In June 2002, Sweden opened its Consulate General in Guangzhou. On June 5438+065438+ 10, 2009, due to financial reasons, Sweden closed its Consulate General in Guangzhou. Sweden believes that the United States is the only country in the world that can play a global role, and solving major problems cannot be separated from the participation of the United States. However, he criticized the United States for pursuing unilateralism and also had differences with the United States on the Iraq war. It is believed that the transatlantic alliance is of great significance to the security and development of Europe and Switzerland. It is emphasized that there are * * * common values with the United States in democracy and human rights, and * * * common interests in promoting values. It is in Switzerland's fundamental interest to maintain good relations and strengthen cooperation with the United States. I hope that Bush will improve relations between Europe and the United States during his new term. Switzerland and the United States have close economic relations. The United States is Switzerland's largest export market and the largest direct investor in Switzerland.
From 65438 to 0994, Sweden joined NATO's "Partnership for Peace" program. Recognize NATO's leading position in Europe and the security pattern. We are not opposed to NATO's eastward expansion and attach importance to deepening the "peaceful partnership" with NATO. It is believed that when NATO uses military force, it must be based on international law in principle, and it must be authorized by the UN Security Council except for catastrophic humanitarian disasters and self-defense. He has participated in NATO peacekeeping operations in Kosovo and Afghanistan. Sweden attaches great importance to its political and economic relations with developing countries. It is advocated that developed countries increase aid to developing countries, reduce the debts of poor countries, remove trade barriers of agricultural products, textiles and clothing, and substantially reduce agricultural subsidies to the country. It is said that foreign aid will reach the level of 1% GDP during the term of this government. Conflict prevention, drug control, AIDS prevention and protection of women's rights are the focus of cooperation with developing countries.
201410/3 October, Stefan L?fven, the new Swedish prime minister and chairman of the Social Democratic Party, announced that the Swedish government would recognize the Palestinian state and support a two-state solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. The media believes that as an important member of the EU, Sweden's move may have a demonstration effect within the EU.