For example, Zong Houqing of Wahaha chose to hand over power to his daughter Fuli Zong's family; Wang Shi of Vanke has built a perfect board system and free competition;
Lenovo appointed Liu Chuanzhi as its successor, and vigorously trained the younger generation Yang ............................................................................................................................................................. Among them, there are pros and cons.
Ten years later, the first generation of entrepreneurs are over 70 years old and have already passed the retirement age. After ten years of careful training, successors have been able to control the enterprise, and they have gradually retired.
This leads to another question: how appropriate is their pension?
As the engine of social wealth growth, the contribution of the first generation of entrepreneurs in China to the reform and opening up is obvious to all. China's transformation from a planned economy to a "foreign-funded" enterprise is more complicated than the unique structure of American private enterprises.
It is obviously inappropriate to pay pensions to the first generation of entrepreneurs according to social security standards. They don't lack those tens of thousands of dollars at all. In fact, how much pension should be paid should be decided by the market economy.
According to the theory of economist Coase, the first element of market economy is to find out the ownership of property rights, and only on the basis of confirming the right can we talk about the amount of pension.
China enterprises have three kinds of property rights: state-owned, private and joint venture. State-owned enterprises are relatively simple, and there are relevant regulations on executive pensions. Just follow them.
For example, the annual salary of a state-owned enterprise executive is 6.5438+0 million, but the pension should be calculated according to the pension base paid at the time of entry. You pay more and get more after retirement. Of course, state-owned enterprises with good benefits will buy some commercial endowment insurance for executives, plus various benefits.
In the 1990s, Chu Shijian, a state-owned enterprise in hongta group, was dissatisfied with the treatment after retirement, and privately took out 500,000 yuan from the profits of the enterprise as his pension, thus breaking the law and being jailed.
Apart from Chu Shijian's contribution to hongta group, it is obviously illegal for him to put the money of state-owned enterprises into his own pocket. State-owned enterprises belong to all citizens, and Chu's behavior is equivalent to stealing the property of all citizens.
Because the original capital of state-owned enterprises comes from taxes, the state hired Chu as a professional manager. It can't be said that managers can put enterprise property into their pockets when they make the enterprise bigger. The fundamental reason lies in property rights.
Private enterprises are much more complicated. Private enterprises are founded by individuals, property rights belong to individuals, and they work by themselves. How much enterprise pension is appropriate depends entirely on the enterprise itself. Anyway, it's all my own money, and my left pocket is my right pocket.
However, after the listing of private enterprises, it is social. Giving pensions to entrepreneurs is in the interest of all shareholders and should not be done rashly.
In 20 14, dopted mother Tao Huabi gave all the shares of the company to her two sons, and gradually withdrew from the business operation and announced her retirement without taking any money.
The reason is nothing more than that. Laodopted mother is Tao Huabi's own enterprise. If she wants money, she can always take it from the company's profits. Why make things complicated and give yourself a fixed pension?
After retirement, Tao Huabi, like most old ladies, likes playing mahjong and lives a comfortable life.
In 20 19, the sales of Laoganma declined, and Tao Huabi was ordered to return to the Jianghu at a critical moment. What's the point of dividing it so clearly without taking a penny to help my son run his own business? It doesn't make any difference whether you retire or not, how much your salary is, or how much your pension is.
However, when the property right relationship meets Lenovo and Vanke, something goes wrong.
When Wang Shi founded Vanke, it was a private enterprise. Later, Vanke did a good job and became the best-managed real estate company with the best reputation in China. After listing, state-owned capital accounted for the bulk, and Vanke changed from a private enterprise to a mixed ownership system.
If the actual controller is a state-owned enterprise, Vanke should be a state-owned enterprise. If the actual controller is a private enterprise, Vanke should be a private enterprise.
Who is the actual controller of Vanke? Vanke himself can't say clearly. On 20 17, Vanke repeatedly announced that "the company has no actual controller" and denied that it was actually controlled by Shenzhen Metro.
In the Notice on Rewarding Metro Group to Participate in Vanke Project issued by Shenzhen SASAC, Vanke was defined as a municipal state-owned enterprise.
Then only refer to Vanke's articles of association. According to the Articles of Association, all resolutions must be passed by more than half of all directors.
Vanke's board of directors has *** 13 seats, and Shenzhen state-owned background directors account for 6 seats. Less than half of them can't decide whether all resolutions are passed, and other directors can't or have no actual controllers. Among the shares, Shenzhen Metro holds 29.38%, which is actually the largest shareholder.
Vanke can only be classified as mixed ownership. How much pension should Wang Shi get?
In the interview, Wang Shi publicly responded to the host and said, "There is nothing inconvenient about this. My pension is over one year 10 million. I am the honorary chairman, and my retirement benefits will remain unchanged at work. "
The sky-high pension of 100000000 yuan was decided by Wang Shi, but it was fully in line with the company's articles of association after being audited by Vanke's board of directors. More than half of the directors supported Wang Shi to receive a pension of10 million yuan.
After all, Wang Shi's contribution to Vanke is obvious to all. Vanke's success is inseparable from his personal efforts. He created a dividend for all shareholders. Everyone thanked him, and it is understandable to give a sky-high pension.
Lenovo, like Vanke, is a mixed-ownership enterprise. The difference between the two is that Vanke first mixes private enterprises and Lenovo first mixes state-owned enterprises. Lenovo's original capital comes from Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Vanke's original capital comes from Wang Shi himself.
Chinese Academy of Sciences entrusts Liu Chuanzhi to be a professional manager, responsible for Lenovo's daily operation. After Lenovo grew, Liu Chuanzhi, Yang, Tai Shanhui and others transformed Lenovo's equity into mixed ownership step by step through capital operation.
Vanke is a mixture of state-owned capital and private capital, while Lenovo is a mixture of private capital and state-owned capital. Otherwise, Liu Chuanzhi's pension can only be paid according to the social security pension base. How can there be more than 90 million a year? Can have a high incense burning from 20 thousand to 30 thousand.
Liu Chuanzhi contributed a lot to Lenovo. After more than 20 years of operation, he has turned a little-known company into the third largest PC brand in the world. But this can't be an excuse for him to get a sky-high pension.
Lenovo started with state-owned funds, and Liu Chuanzhi managed his "home" in an orderly manner as a "housekeeper". The state pays him wages and benefits, but he can't ask the state to change the "real estate license" to his name.
The dispute over Liu Chuanzhi's sky-high pension is, in the final analysis, a dispute over property rights.
Author: You An Jiang Zuo