First, comprehensive recycling of resources to achieve resource conservation.
Using self-developed technology, actively implementing comprehensive resource recovery and realizing resource conservation is one of the effective ways to develop circular economy. Since the establishment of the company, in the development of gold industry, we have grasped the links of resource integration, multi-element comprehensive recovery, production water recycling, tailings dry stacking and so on. Taking the road of new industrialization, focusing on improving resource utilization and reducing pollutant emissions, and aiming at maximizing resource efficiency, a horizontal industrial chain with vertical coupling and resource sharing has been established, which has accelerated the development of the company's circular economy model and promoted the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly enterprises.
Resource integration is a major move of the company. Before the establishment of the company, resources were managed by the original Tonggou, Linghu, Hu Da and Fancha gold mines, and exploration, mining, production and sales were organized by themselves. The mining area of each enterprise is small, the projects are repeatedly laid out, the resources and funds are seriously wasted, the cost of mining and processing is too high, the benefits are realized by consuming resources, and the potential advantages of resources have not been effectively brought into play. After the establishment of the company, combined with the fact that the surface resources of Xiaoqinling gold mine are increasingly exhausted, the resources of the original Tonggou, Hu Da and Linghu gold mines were integrated. At the same time, the bankrupt Fancha gold mine and township gold mine were acquired, the mining area was expanded, unified planning and layout, unified resource allocation, unified production management and unified technical specifications were implemented, the rational allocation of resources and the optimal combination of assets were realized, and the overall advantages of the company were fully exerted. The mining area of the city has increased from 64 square kilometers to 206.7 square kilometers, and the daily processing capacity of gold ore has increased from 1.700 tons to 3000 tons, which has promoted the rapid and healthy development of the main gold industry. In the past three years, * * * reduced repeated investment and unreasonable projects 1. 1.00 million meters, saving funds 1.43 million yuan; Twenty-three new prospecting targets were added, and geological prospecting was completed with 2 1.76 million meters. Compared with 2004, the pre-purchased ore volume increased by 2.448 million tons, and the metal volume increased by 1. 1.87. 6 kg, which obviously enhanced the development potential of the main gold industry. In 2007, the mid-deep gold exploration project was implemented, with a planned investment of 220 million yuan, 65.438+0.22 million meters of exploration, 5,000 kilograms of new gold reserves and extended service life of the mine.
With the depletion of shallow resources, the investment in exploration and exploitation in the middle and deep layers increases, the cost increases and the benefit decreases. In order to effectively solve this contradiction, the company abandoned the extensive economic growth mode in the past and took technology research and development as the main means to improve the level of resource recycling. In 2005, a 350-ton/day concentrator was reformed, and the comprehensive recovery test of polymetallic associated resources, mainly gold, was successful. On this basis, the capacity expansion and transformation project of 1000 ton concentrator was implemented in 2006, and the comprehensive recovery of gold, silver, molybdenum, lead and copper was realized. It can select 350,000 tons of ore annually, and produce gold 185 kg, silver 238 kg, refined molybdenum powder 6 18 tons, refined lead powder 4,290 tons and refined copper powder 2 100 tons, increasing the output value by 654.38+0.0/kloc-0.30 billion yuan. In 2007, another investment of170,000 yuan was made for the follow-up construction of the project, which realized the dense filter-pressing dry stacking of tailings and the recycling of wastewater, saving water100,000 cubic meters, saving 45 tons of chemicals and recovering 600 taels of gold every year. The research and application of comprehensive recovery technology has maximized the comprehensive efficiency of resources, optimized the industrial structure, achieved a historic leap from single gold selection to multi-element comprehensive recovery and utilization, and consolidated and expanded the gold pillar industry.
Mineral resources are non-renewable resources. The company will reduce consumption, improve the utilization rate of resources, further expand the scope of available resources, recycle the abandoned low-grade gold resources in the past, and strive to turn waste into treasure. The heap leaching project of low-grade gold ore was implemented by using advanced production technologies such as open-pit stripping, crushing accumulation, leaching adsorption, electrolytic smelting and waste residue treatment. Construction started in February 2005 and put into operation in June of the same year, with an annual output of 500,000 tons of low-grade gold ore below 1g/ ton. Accumulated heap leaching 1.3732 million tons, with an average grade of 0.6 g/ton, produced 97,645,438+0 taels of gold, which achieved the purpose of increasing production, saving capital and reducing waste, improved the utilization rate of resources, solved the contradiction between resources, environment and economic growth, and accumulated experience for the large-scale development and utilization of low-grade gold resources in our city and Xiaoqinling area.
The traditional mode of production not only wastes resources, but also causes environmental pollution. The output of gold concentrate increased after the production process of mixed mercury was banned. In order to obtain the maximum benefit, it is necessary to deeply process the gold concentrate. Jinyuan Mining Company constantly improves the gold industry chain. Firstly, a new foam oxidation process was introduced, and the cyanidation workshop was transformed twice. Through alkaline leaching pretreatment of refractory gold concentrate, the cyanide production capacity was increased from 70 tons/day to 150 tons/day, and the gold concentrate powder of 1, 3 and 5 branches was concentrated, so that the total gold recovery rate was increased from 83% to over 90%, and the annual net benefit was increased by 26,500. Second, all the finished gold produced by the company is refined in Tonghui Company to produce national standard gold ingots and bars. Lingbao Gold's national standard gold ingots and bars have been rated as "famous brand products" at the provincial level, which can be directly listed and traded, ranking fourth among the member units of Shanghai Gold Exchange 149, forming a complete industrial chain integrating gold mining, processing, refining and online trading.
Second, pay attention to the cascade development of resources and realize a virtuous circle.
Yinjiagou pyrite mine, located in Zhuyang Town, is the only large polymetallic sulfide deposit in the Central Plains, which is rich in sulfur, iron, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum and other elements. The mining area is 39.2 square kilometers, with 48.8 million tons of pyrite reserves, which is called "the kingdom of pyrite". Jinyuan Mining Company, relying on the advantages of resources and taking the project construction as a breakthrough, has built a circular economy industry with comprehensive utilization of sulfur and iron chemicals.
Before Jinyuan Mining Company took over, the processing capacity of pyrite was weak, mainly relying on mining and selling high-grade pyrite to survive, while mining the rich and abandoning the poor, resulting in great waste of resources, difficult operation and on the verge of bankruptcy. After receiving it, after investigation, demonstration and comprehensive analysis, the comprehensive utilization project of sulfur and iron chemical industry was decisively implemented. The implementation of the first phase of the project has achieved both rich and poor minerals in the mining industry. In mineral processing, the preferential flotation process is used to produce refined copper-sulfur powder containing more than 8% copper and pyrite concentrate containing more than 47% sulfur. Gold, silver, iron and zinc are enriched at the same time, and the recovery rate of copper is over 65% and that of sulfur is over 94%. In deep processing, 98% sulfuric acid is produced from sulfur concentrate by using domestic advanced technology of phosphorus compound fertilizer; The waste heat generated in the process of acid production is used for power generation; After acid making, the waste residue containing more than 60% iron is processed into iron balls, and no waste residue is discharged, initially forming a circular economy industrial chain integrating mining, mineral processing, roasting, acid making, fertilizer making, refining slag metal recovery and waste heat power generation, and realizing comprehensive recycling of resources. In the second phase of polymetallic comprehensive recovery project, gold, silver, copper, zinc and other metals in copper-sulfur concentrate were comprehensively recovered by using new technologies such as acidification roasting, acid leaching, extraction, electrowinning and cyanide replacement. At the same time, the comprehensive recovery technology of magnetite and limonite in Yinjiagou is being studied and developed. It is planned to build a concentrator with a daily processing capacity of limonite 1 10,000 tons and magnetite of 500 tons, with an annual added output value of more than 2 1 10,000 yuan and a profit of more than 30 million yuan. With the improvement of the sulfur-iron chemical industry chain, the recycling of resources has been maximized. After the completion of the whole project, it will process 500,000 tons of pyrite annually, produce 400,000 tons of sulfuric acid, 300,000 tons of phosphate compound fertilizer, 200,000 tons of iron concentrate, 6,543.8+0.5 million tons of urea, 6,543.8+0 tons of gold, 6,543.8+0.2 million tons of copper and 450 tons of zinc. The annual output value is 65.438+0.06 billion yuan, and the profit and tax is 205 million yuan.
The comprehensive recovery and utilization of pyrite resources in Jinyuan Mining Company has broadened the development space, lengthened the industrial chain, increased the variety and output of products, improved the level of intensification, stepped into a benign development track with less resource consumption, high economic benefits and less pollution discharge, and realized a fundamental change from extensive management to intensive management. It has become a model of developing circular economy in Sanmenxia, and is applying for the national circular economy demonstration enterprise.
Third, strengthen environmental protection and achieve harmonious development.
Jinyuan Mining Company has optimized the production environment of gold production, sulfur and iron chemical industry and polymetallic development by adopting key production technology innovation to promote the reduction, recycling and reuse of by-products and wastes. At the same time, adhere to the principle of "protection in development and development in protection" and solidly promote the restoration and management of geological environment.
Gold mining has different degrees of influence on the land, vegetation and ecological environment in the mining area. Therefore, the company has formulated the planning scheme and annual management design for the geological environment restoration of Qiaoshangzhai, Linghu, Heiyuzi, Tonggou, Qinnan and Yinjiagou pyrite mines and their surrounding exploration areas. 5.63 million yuan was invested in environmental treatment and restoration, and more than 30,000 cubic meters of stone dams were built, 3,500 meters of rivers in mining areas were cleared, and more than 40,000 cubic meters of waste residue were cleared. At the same time, it actively applied for national governance project funds, and obtained support funds of 4 million yuan, which completed the restoration and governance projects of geological disasters in Huda Gold Mine and Fancha Mining Area, and optimized the mine environment.
The biggest waste of mining enterprises is wastewater and tailings. Jinyuan Mining Company discharges tailings from mineral processing into tailings pond, and the wastewater is recycled after precipitation. 1000t polymetallic concentrator adopts concentration-filter pressing process, dry stacking of tailings and recycling of wastewater, which creates a precedent for harmless treatment of tailings of mining enterprises in the whole province. After the service period of all tailings ponds expires, the soil is returned to the field, which greatly improves the ecological environment and realizes the win-win development of "economic benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits".
Fourth, develop mining circular economy.
First, to develop mining circular economy, we must adhere to Scientific Outlook on Development, firmly establish the concept of comprehensive utilization and efficient utilization of resources, and realize the unity of economic benefits, social benefits, resource benefits, environmental benefits and post-mining benefits.
Second, to develop mining circular economy, we must abandon the traditional extensive development and utilization mode of high consumption, high energy consumption and high pollution, and establish a development and utilization mode of "low consumption, low emission and high efficiency" to achieve sustainable development.
Third, to develop mining circular economy, we must increase investment in science and technology, establish a scientific and technological innovation system, and constantly improve the level of technical equipment for mining, comprehensive recovery and deep processing of mineral resources. Jinyuan Mining Company and Institute of Mineral Resources of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences jointly set up Jingyuan Mineral Exploration Research Center, set up postdoctoral research center and set up Henan Polymetallic Resources Comprehensive Utilization Engineering Technology Research Center to actively carry out technical cooperation, promote technological innovation, enhance independent innovation ability and continuously improve the development level of circular economy.
Fourthly, to develop mining circular economy, we must actively prevent and control pollution, recycle and comprehensively recover, eliminate pollutants in the production process, minimize waste discharge, and achieve the purpose of controlling pollution, improving the environment and improving efficiency.
The practice of Jinyuan Mining Company's three-year development fully proves that only by taking Scientific Outlook on Development as the guide and finding the breakthrough point of developing mining circular economy and developing well and quickly can the cake of circular economy be enlarged; Only by firmly grasping the key of vigorously developing mining circular economy, correctly handling the relationship between independent innovation and economic growth, and unswervingly taking the road of new industrialization, can we build a circular economy enterprise with low input, high output, low consumption and less emissions and realize sustained, rapid, healthy and harmonious development.