1. Where does COVID-19 come from?
The epidemic was first discovered in Wuhan on June 20 19, and the virus strain was successfully isolated on October 7, 2020/KLOC-0. Epidemiological results show that a considerable number of patients are related to the South China seafood market in Wuhan. During this period, animal hosts such as pangolin and civet were suspected, but later it was found that the virus carried by pangolin was very different from that carried by COVID-19, so the hypothesis of pangolin was not mentioned again. 20 19, 1 1 or earlier, COVID-19 antibody was detected in blood samples from some European and American countries. It is speculated that the epidemic in Wuhan may really come from the seafood market in South China, but the real source is imported frozen seafood and imported virus carried on its packaging, not pangolin. Just like the epidemics in Beijing Xinfadi, Qingdao and Dalian, it has been confirmed that the initial infected people are all from people who have close contact with imported frozen chains. Two years later, there is still a long way to go to trace the source of COVID-19.
2. COVID-19's treatment experience in China.
1. Non-drug treatment, in the early stage of the epidemic, we lacked effective treatment methods for the cause. For severe patients, their prognosis mainly depends on the success of oxygen therapy and ventilator support, and early plasma therapy in rehabilitation period may have achieved certain results.
2. Antiviral drugs: At the beginning of the epidemic, due to the lack of effective antiviral drugs, many unconventional measures were taken, such as canceling the safety test of Remdesivir, which has never been listed abroad, and directly applying it in clinical trials; A variety of antiviral drugs have been approved for clinical use against influenza, AIDS, Zika and Ebola. As long as there are some signs in in vitro experiments, it is used as an "emergency" application. Not only China, but also the United States has adopted a similar strategy and approved the use of five "antiviral drugs", including ribavirin and chloroquine, which are unreliable. Practice has proved that the effect is not good. Therefore, no one mentions the above drugs anymore.
Fortunately, several mature and effective antiviral drugs have been listed or will be listed soon abroad recently, which has brought us new dawn. One is Molnupiravir of Merck and the other is Paxlovid of Pfizer. Fortunately, on February 8, 200211,the first antibody drug with intellectual property rights in China, Ambavirmonclonal antibody /romisvimab, was approved for listing in China. The drug has been tested in three phases in six countries, including the United States, and the results show that it can reduce the hospitalization and mortality of outpatients by as much as 80%. According to reports, it also maintains neutralization ability for a variety of mutant strains, including Omicron.
3. Vaccination and group immunization
Vaccines can be divided into inactivated vaccine, virus vector vaccine, mRNA vaccine, DNA vaccine, protein recombination vaccines and so on. Judging from the number of published articles, the most fully studied is mRNA vaccine.
China is undoubtedly the country with the highest vaccination rate in the world. However, due to the rapid mutation of the virus, from Delta to Omicron, the role of vaccine has changed from preventing infection to reducing the serious disease rate. It is very necessary to inject the third needle to strengthen the needle, but the main purpose is not to prevent infection, but to reduce the severity.
4. Where will COVID-19 go in 2022?
The simplest and most correct answer should be "I don't know". It is estimated that the new Omicron mutant will soon replace the Delta mutant and become the most popular strain in the world. It can be speculated that the overall mortality and severity rate in COVID-19 will decrease in 2022, but the total number of patients will reach a new peak in the first half of the year. Countries that have no conditions or refuse to adopt "dynamic zero clearing" will be exhausted. The "four early days" (early detection, early diagnosis, early isolation and early treatment) adopted in China is still the most reasonable way at this stage.