Investment can be divided into physical investment, capital investment and securities investment, among which securities investment is the most abundant and complex. Securities investment analysis refers to the comprehensive analysis of all kinds of information that affects the value or price of securities through various professional analysis methods to judge the value or price of securities and its changes. It is an indispensable link in the process of securities investment, which mainly includes the following three types: basic analysis, technical analysis and evolution analysis. It is a necessary and effective tool for in-depth securities market research and investment practice.
The theoretical basis, assumptions and paradigm characteristics of the above three analysis methods are different, and they are interrelated and have important differences in practical application.
(1) Fundamental analysis: Taking the enterprise value as the main research object, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the macroeconomic situation, industry development prospects and enterprise operating conditions that determine the intrinsic value of the enterprise and affect the stock price, so as to roughly calculate the long-term investment value and safety margin of listed companies, and compare them with the current stock price to form corresponding investment suggestions. According to the basic analysis, the trajectory of stock price fluctuation cannot be accurately predicted, so we can only "buy and hold for a long time" when there is enough safety margin, and sell it after the safety margin disappears.
(2) Technical analysis: Taking the stock price as the main research object and forecasting the fluctuation trend of the stock price as the main purpose, starting with the historical chart of the stock price change, the sum of the methods for analyzing the fluctuation law of the stock market. There are three controversial assumptions in technical analysis, that is, market behavior is inclusive and digests everything; The price fluctuates in a trend way; History will repeat itself. The popular technical analysis methods in China are Dow theory, wave theory and Gann theory.
(3) Evolutionary analysis: Taking the intrinsic property of life movement of stock market fluctuation as the main research object, starting from the aspects of metabolism, profit-seeking, adaptability, plasticity, pressure, variability and rhythm of stock market, this paper makes a dynamic tracking study on the direction and space of market fluctuation, and provides opportunities summation and risk assessment methods for stock trading decisions. Based on the essential attributes of stock market fluctuation, evolutionary analysis holds that all kinds of complex causal relationships or phenomena of stock market fluctuation can be found from the basic principles of life movement, which provides a convincing basis for building a scientific and reasonable game decision-making framework.