The Internet of Things is regarded as the application expansion of the Internet, application innovation is the core of the development of the Internet of Things, and innovation with user experience as the core is the soul of the development of the Internet of Things. English name: Internet of Things(IOT), also known as the Internet of Things.
The Internet of Things refers to the real-time collection of any object or process that needs monitoring, connection and interaction through various information sensing devices, such as sensors, radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, global positioning system, infrared sensors, laser scanners, gas sensors and other devices and technologies, and the collection of sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, location and other needed information, which is combined with the Internet to form a huge. Its purpose is to realize the connection between things, things and people, and everything and the network, which is convenient for identification, management and control.
Compared with the traditional Internet, the Internet of Things has its distinctive features. The first is the wide application of various sensing technologies. A large number of different types of sensors are deployed on the Internet of Things. Each sensor is an information source, and the content and format of information captured by different types of sensors are different. The data obtained by the sensor is real-time, and environmental information is collected periodically at a certain frequency, and the data is constantly updated. Secondly, it is a ubiquitous network based on the Internet. The important foundation and core of the Internet of Things technology is still the Internet, which integrates with the Internet through various wired and wireless networks to transmit the information of objects in real time and accurately. The information regularly collected by sensors on the Internet of Things needs to be transmitted through the network. Because of its huge quantity, a huge amount of information has been formed. In the transmission process, in order to ensure the correctness and timeliness of data, it is necessary to adapt to various heterogeneous networks and protocols. In addition, the Internet of Things not only provides the connection of sensors, but also has the ability of intelligent processing and intelligent control of objects. The Internet of Things combines sensors and intelligent processing, and uses various intelligent technologies such as cloud computing and pattern recognition to expand application fields. Analyze, process and process meaningful data from the massive information obtained by sensors to meet the different needs of different users and discover new application fields and modes.
The Internet of Things has a wide range of uses, covering intelligent transportation, environmental protection, government work, public safety, safe home, intelligent fire protection, industrial monitoring, environmental monitoring, elderly care, personal health, flower planting, water system monitoring, food traceability, enemy investigation, intelligence gathering and so on. The report of the International Telecommunication Union in 2005 describes the picture of the "Internet of Things" era: when the driver makes an operation mistake, the car will automatically give an alarm; The briefcase will remind the owner what he forgot to bring; Clothes will "tell" the washing machine's requirements for color, water temperature and so on. The application of the Internet of Things in the field of logistics is that, for example, when a logistics company uses the Internet of Things system to overload a truck, the truck will automatically tell you how much it is overloaded, but there is still room left to tell you how to match light and heavy goods; When the porter unloads the goods, a package may shout "You're hurting me" or say "Honey, please don't be too rude?" ; When the driver is chatting with others, the truck will pretend to be the boss's voice and shout, "Idiot, it's time to go!" " "
The Internet of Things fully applies the new generation of IT technology to all walks of life. Specifically, it is to embed and equip sensors in various objects such as power grids, railways, bridges, tunnels, highways, buildings, water supply systems, dams, oil and gas pipelines, and then integrate the Internet with the existing Internet to realize the integration of human society and physical systems. In this integrated network, there is a super powerful central computer group. People, machines, equipment and infrastructure in the integrated network can be managed and controlled in real time. On this basis, human beings can manage production and life more carefully and dynamically, achieve a "smart" state, improve resource utilization and productivity, and improve the relationship between man and nature. Undoubtedly, if the "Internet of Things" era comes, people's daily life will undergo earth-shaking changes. However, regardless of privacy and radiation issues, it seems unrealistic to simply implant all items into the identification chip. People are moving towards the "Internet of Things" era, but this process may take a long time.
Application case
One: The sensor products of the Internet of Things have been applied in the intrusion prevention system of Shanghai Pudong International Airport for the first time. The system has more than 30,000 sensor nodes, covering the ground, fences and low-altitude detection, which can prevent people from crossing, smuggling and terrorist attacks. Not long ago, the Shanghai World Expo also signed an order with Wuxi High-tech Micro-Nano Sensor Network Engineering Technology Research and Development Center of Chinese Academy of Sciences to purchase150,000 yuan anti-intrusion micro-nano sensor network products. Two: ZigBee street lamp control system lights up Jinan Garden Expo Park. The application of ZigBee wireless street lighting energy-saving and environmental protection technology is a highlight of this Expo. ZigBee wireless technology is adopted for all functional lighting in the park to realize wireless street lamp control. 3. Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) takes modern information technology as the core and uses advanced communication, computer, automatic control and sensor technology to realize real-time traffic control and command management. Traffic information collection is considered as the key subsystem of intelligent transportation system, the basis of developing intelligent transportation system and the premise of intelligent transportation. Both traffic control and traffic violation management systems involve the collection of traffic dynamic information, which has become the primary task of traffic intelligence. Fourth, the first high-speed rail Internet of Things technology application center was put into use in Suzhou, and the first high-speed rail Internet of Things technology application center in China was put into use in Suzhou Science and Technology Town on 20 10, which will provide scientific and technological support for the development of high-speed rail Internet of Things industry. As one of the industries with the largest investment scale and the best market prospect, the high-speed rail Internet of Things is changing the production and lifestyle of human beings. According to the staff of the center, the monotonous way of purchasing tickets and checking tickets in the past will be upgraded to a humanized and diversified new experience here. The comprehensive application of new technologies, such as card purchase, mobile phone purchase and telephone purchase, allows passengers to get rid of crowded stations to purchase tickets; Similar to the subway, the ticket checking method can realize the rapid passage of passengers with different bills. According to the staff of Tsinghua Yicheng Company, in order to cope with the huge railway passenger traffic in China, the center has developed the world's largest ticketing system, which can handle 3 billion passengers per year, while the maximum number of systems currently used in the world is 500 million passengers. V: The first 220kV intelligent substation of State Grid 201165438+1October 3rd, the first 220kV intelligent substation of State Grid-Xijing Substation in Huishan District, Wuxi City was put into operation a few days ago, and a sensing measurement and control network was established through the Internet of Things technology, realizing the real sense of "unattended and patrolled". Xijing Substation uses the Internet of Things technology to establish a sensing measurement and control network, which "activates" the traditional substation equipment to realize self-perception, identification and decision-making, thus completing automatic control. It has completely reached the preliminary expectation of smart substation construction, and the design and construction level is leading in the country.