In order to effectively carry out international container multimodal transport, we must strengthen container standardization and do a better job in container standardization. Container standards are divided into international standards, national standards, regional standards and company standards according to the scope of use.
1. international standard container
Refers to the international standard container constructed and used in accordance with the international standard formulated by Technical CommitteeNo. 104 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).
Container standardization has gone through a development process. Since the establishment of ISO/TC 104 Technical Committee, the international container standard has undergone many supplements, additions and revisions. The current international standard is 1 series *** 13. Same width (2438mm), four lengths (12 192mm, 9 125mm, 6058mm, 299 1mm) and four heights (2896mm, 259/kloc-0).
2. National standard containers
Governments make their own container standards by referring to international standards and considering their own specific conditions.
Overall dimensions, limit deviation and rated weight of various containers in the current national standard "Overall dimensions and rated weight of containers" (GB 14 13-85).
3. Regional standard containers
The standards of such containers are formulated by regional organizations according to the special conditions of the region, and such containers are only applicable to the region. For example, containers built according to the container standards established by the European International Railway Union (VIC).
4. Company standard containers
Some large container transportation companies, according to the company's specific conditions and standards, such boxes are mainly used within the company's transportation scope. Such as the 35-foot container of American Land and Sea Company.
In addition, there are many non-standard containers in the world. For example, non-standard length containers include 35-foot containers of American Land and Sea Company and 45-foot and 48-foot containers of President Shipping Company. Non-standard height containers, mainly 9ft and 9.5ft containers; Non-standard width container, 8.2-foot width container, etc. Driven by economic interests, there are more and more 24-foot 20-foot containers in the world, which are generally welcomed.
The external dimension is 20 feet *8 feet *8 feet 6 inches, which is called a 20-foot container;
The external dimension is 40 feet *8 feet *8 feet 6 inches, which is called a 40-foot container;
The external dimension is 40 feet *8 feet *9 feet 6 inches, which is called a 40-foot-high cabinet.
20-foot container: the internal volume is 5.69m * 2.13m * 2.18m, the gross weight of delivery is 17.5t, and the volume is 24-26m3.
40-foot cabinet: the internal volume is11.8m * 2.13m * 2.18m, and the gross delivery weight is generally 22 tons, with a volume of 54 cubic meters.
40-foot-high cabinet: the internal volume is11.8m * 2.13m * 2.72m, the gross weight of distribution is generally 22 tons, and the volume is 68 cubic meters.
45-foot-high cabinet: the internal volume is13.58m * 2.34m * 2.71m, the gross weight of distribution is generally 29 tons, and the volume is 86 cubic meters.
20-foot open-top cabinet: the internal volume is 5.89M * 2.32M * 2.3 1M, the gross delivery weight is generally 20 tons, and the volume is 3 1.5 cubic meters.
40-foot open-top cabinet: the internal volume is12.01m * 2.33m * 2.15m, and the gross delivery weight is generally 30.4 tons, with a volume of 65 cubic meters.
20-foot flat-bottomed container: the internal volume is 5.85M * 2.23M * 2. 15M, the gross delivery weight is generally 23 tons, and the volume is 28 cubic meters.
40-foot flat-bottomed container: the internal volume is12.05m * 2.12m *1.96m, and the gross weight of distribution is generally 36 tons, with a volume of 50 cubic meters.
References:
/blog/post/ 10.html
1. The so-called container refers to a large loading container with certain strength, rigidity and specifications, which is specially used for turnover. When goods are transshipped in containers, they can be directly loaded in the consignor's warehouse and transported to the consignee's warehouse for unloading. There is no need to change cars and boats halfway. According to the types of goods, there are grocery containers, bulk containers, liquid cargo containers, refrigerated containers and so on. According to the manufacturing materials, there are wooden containers, steel containers, aluminum alloy containers, glass fiber reinforced plastic containers, stainless steel containers and so on. According to the structure, there are folding containers and fixed containers. And fixed containers can be divided into closed containers, open-top containers and shelf containers. According to the total weight, there are 30 tons of containers, 20 tons of containers, 10 tons of containers, 5 tons of containers and 2.5 tons of containers.
Box number: There is a number 1 1 on the container, with the first four digits being letters and the last seven digits being numbers. This number is unique.
2. Type of container (also called container):
(1) According to specifications and dimensions: At present, the commonly used dry goods containers in the world are:
The external dimension is 20 feet× 8 feet× 6 inches, which is referred to as 20 feet container for short;
Referred to as a 40-foot ×8-foot ×6-inch container; And the 40-foot× 8-foot× 9-foot× 6-inch cabinets widely used in recent years.
20-foot cabinet: the internal volume is 5.69mx2.13mx2.18m, the gross weight of delivery is17.5t, and the volume is 24-26m3.
40-foot container: the internal volume is11.8mx2.13mx2.18m, and the gross weight of distribution is generally 22 tons and the volume is 54 cubic meters.
40-foot-high container: the internal volume is11.8mx2.13mx2.72m. The gross delivery weight is generally 22 tons and the volume is 68 cubic meters.
45-foot-high container: the internal volume is:13.58m x 2.34m x 2.71m, the gross weight of distribution is generally 29 tons, and the volume is 86 cubic meters.
20-foot open-top cabinet: the internal volume is 5.89 m X2.32 m X2.3 1 m, the gross delivery weight is 20 tons, and the volume is 3 1.5 cubic meters.
40-foot open-top cabinet: internal volume12.01m x 2.33 m x 2.15 m, distribution gross weight of 30.4 tons, volume of 65 cubic meters.
20-foot flat-bottomed container: the internal volume is 5.85 m X2.23 m X2. 15 m, the stowage gross weight is 23 tons, and the volume is 28 cubic meters.
40-foot flat-bottomed container: the internal area is12.05 m x 2.12 m x10.96 m, with a gross weight of 36 tons and a volume of 50 cubic meters.
20-foot folding platform container: the internal dimension is 5.946 m x 2.2 16 m x 2.233m, and the distribution gross weight is 27. 1 ton.
40-foot folding platform container: internal dimension12.080m x 2.126m x 2.043m, gross weight 29.2 tons.
2. Overall external dimensions of the container
The maximum length, width and height dimensions of the container exterior, including the permanent accessories of the container. It is the main parameter that determines whether containers can be reloaded among ships, chassis cars, trucks and railway vehicles. It is an important technical data that all transportation departments must master.
Three. Internal dimensions of containers
Maximum length, width and height dimensions of container interior. The height is the distance from the bottom plate of the box body to the bottom of the top plate of the box body, the width is the distance between two inner linings, and the length is the distance from the inner side plate of the box door to the inner lining plate of the end wall. It determines the internal volume of the container and the maximum size of the goods in the container.
4. Unblock capacity of container
The loading volume calculated according to the internal dimensions of the container. Containers of the same specification have slightly different internal volumes due to different structures and manufacturing materials. The internal volume of containers is an important technical data that materials departments or other packers must master.
5. Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit (TEU for short)
Also known as the 20-foot conversion unit, it is the conversion unit for calculating the number of containers. At present, most countries use 20-foot and 40-foot containers for container transportation. In order to unify the calculation of container quantity, 20-foot container is taken as one calculation unit and 40-foot container as two calculation units to unify the calculation of container workload.