The optimization of the framework system is to optimize the business model of the enterprise. The final result of optimization is process mode plus process list. This list needs several factors to form. One is to see what problems the enterprise needs to solve and find out the strategic requirements of the enterprise; It will also lead to the best opportunity outside and the best opportunity for enterprises, and finally form the optimization of enterprise business model. In addition to the framework system of the process, the organizational structure of the enterprise will be adjusted to lay the foundation for the subsequent preparation of the process operation manual.
Many large-scale enterprise process management projects need to understand the optimization of process framework system from a strategic perspective, taking the procurement business model as an example. According to the best time and the classification of purchased goods, the consultant knows how to design the strategy and organization of the enterprise, including purchasing strategy, management model, decision-making decentralization and organization and cooperation, and finally forms the purchasing strategy, purchasing management model and business model of the enterprise.
For example, all engineering products are made into strategic procurement and centralized procurement. After centralized procurement, the corresponding business management mode, business operation mode and business process will be different. The procurement strategy of optimizing business model is not a simple classification. At least several key factors should be considered in purchasing strategy, such as whether the number of suppliers is reasonable and how to establish cross-functional functional teams.
When you look at the procurement of an enterprise, you will see the total cost of its products. The total cost is the total cost of this enterprise's products in the whole supply chain and value chain, and the purchase price is only a part of the purchase cost. What we want is to model the total cost. When modeling a supplier, when talking about the price, we should analyze his cost composition and what are the driving factors of these cost compositions, so that he can reduce these costs. Every enterprise's main purchased goods ultimately need to be modeled, which is a huge and complicated work. Let's look at the quantitative benefits. The most feared thing to reduce the special purchase cost is the loss. For example, a key screw in the equipment is lost, which takes three months to purchase, resulting in a one-day shutdown. Perhaps this equipment is very important, so the loss caused to the enterprise is millions or even tens of millions a day. So the key to his cost reduction is to reduce the loss of broken materials. The space to reduce the cost of special purchase lies in ensuring supply, reducing the loss of broken materials and not increasing the inventory cost too much.
Second, the process framework system
To make a process framework system is to optimize the framework and business of an enterprise, and the final result is a process list. The process list seems to be the names of some processes at the first, second, third and fourth levels. But the key is how to use and understand the meaning of these process lists. The process framework system will fall from the framework of the whole enterprise to the framework of a business, and finally to the process list. The optimization behind all this needs to analyze the business of the enterprise, and it is meaningful for the business to form such a structure. Like some missing responsibilities. The missing responsibility is that after establishing this process list by classification, it is found that this function is not available in the existing business of the enterprise and needs to be supplemented; Or there is this function, but this function is broken down into several other processes. Therefore, if we classify the process list, we will find what the enterprise lacks. Conversely, process optimization is to optimize the process of the enterprise, not to increase the process.
1. All processes that are not in the enterprise process list should be optimized.
There are two situations. One is that this process should not exist. Another situation is that this process is distributed in the other two processes. Through the process list, we can see the functions that should and should not be, as well as which functions in the original organization are not well coordinated, the coordination and communication are not smooth, or the post responsibility allocation design is unreasonable.
2. The core of framework system optimization is the analysis of business model and the formation of process list.
The analysis of business model and the formation of process list are two functions of implementation and enterprise organization. According to the process list and business model, adjust the organizational model, adjust the function distribution, post responsibilities and departmental responsibilities of the enterprise, which is the landing of process framework system optimization, and also what we usually call BPR, that is, optimize the organization with process.
Thirdly, process optimization includes two aspects.
1. The result of process optimization made by the previous enterprise should become a flow chart; The other is process optimization based on problem solving. The landing of pattern optimization results is the result of previous process optimization. Why is it here? After optimizing the previous organization and post functions, the flow chart drawn at this time is truly meaningful. First, optimize the framework system, then adjust the organizational control mode, and then draw a direct optimization process.
2. Based on the process optimization of problem solving, we will find that there are many problems in the enterprise when we make diagnosis in the early stage. These problems are scattered, and it is necessary to sum up the problems of enterprises to form key problems. Process optimization should solve these key problems. For example, in the process of optimizing the investment process of a telecom enterprise, it is found that there are such problems in the enterprise: insufficient market orientation, long project cycle and slow market response, which affect the investment income. The investment of telecom enterprises lies in the construction of networks and base stations. The competition among operators depends on the speed of network construction and coverage. Municipal companies may have thousands of investment projects a year, and these projects all need corresponding markets. We analyze the root of the problem and come to the conclusion that enterprises don't distinguish the projects they invest in, and large and small projects are the same process; The other is that the municipal network authorization is not enough and the project approval time is long. Many of them need to go to the manager's meeting or even to the provincial company for approval. The average approval time for each project is about 20 days. After the optimization of the framework system, the enterprise's projects are divided into two types of investment, one is large-scale capital investment. The second is the construction of small base stations. The investment amount of each project is small, but there are many projects with a large total amount, which is called rolling investment. The result of optimizing rolling investment is that diversified investment should be controlled through budget. Investment plans and budgets can be made according to market conditions in the early stage. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the rolling process of investment budget. This process does not exist in the business of this telecom enterprise. Now we need to add this process and optimize the original rolling investment process. There is no problem in the process of capital investment. In this optimized process, the general manager meeting of all companies and the parent company do not need to participate in the approval of such projects, and the approval period is shortened from 20 days to 8 days.
Fourth, the optimization of process operation manual
The optimization of process operation manual is the standardization of enterprise management, that is, the standardization of enterprise knowledge. Second, we should sum up the best practices of enterprises, and then be knowledgeable. After making a manual, all similar work should be completed by a standard, a process step and a process operation standard, which is the significance of making a manual.
Making a process operation manual is not only drawing, but also considering what factors should be considered in each activity in the flow chart; Why judge this thing? What are the criteria for this assessment? What are the indicators and operational specifications? What are the precautions and what else need to be learned? It usually takes 2-4 months to write a business operation manual. IT takes 4-8 months to complete a manual cycle, including writing, IT implementation and promotion, evaluation and improvement. The hardest thing to do is the standard in the manual. Without standard recognition, it is impossible to measure the effect of doing things. Specific standards should also be assessed, and how to assess executives also needs assessment standards. Standards involve a variety of businesses, and efforts should continue to be made to formulate standards. There are two keys: the cost analysis of standard activities, some of which are very good, but will increase the operating cost of enterprises; The second is standard resistance analysis. Sometimes, the established standards can't be realized in practice, which will lead to conflicts and the process can't be implemented. Process optimization is a continuous process. If an enterprise wants to start business optimization from the process.
Strategic suggestions on verb (verb's abbreviation) process optimization
1. If an enterprise wants to see the effect of process optimization, IT must first find problems, find key problems, conduct in-depth process analysis on these key problems, find solutions, and finally optimize the process and organization, even until all relevant manuals are standardized and IT-oriented.
2. Some enterprises have just made a strategy and hope to implement it through process means. At this time, you can make a strategic action plan and use the process to implement these problems.
3. Introduce consultation to speed up the optimization process. All the problems of the enterprise should be solved in the process. The process is nothing more than a statement of the business model, organization and operation of the enterprise. Consultants suggest using process tools and methods to solve enterprise problems. Remember to do things without forgetting your goals. Enterprises can use process means to optimize, solve and complete your tasks.