Although agriculture is an old industry, its life has been transformed. It is easier to draw this conclusion by observing agriculture in China for five years. Around the three key points of building a modern agricultural industrial system, production system and management system, all localities adhere to the coordinated promotion of production, life and ecology, adhere to the overall consideration of superior production capacity and structural adjustment, and properly handle the relationship between increasing agricultural production and farmers' income and environmental governance and ecological restoration. Great progress has been made in modern agriculture, and the goals required in the 13th Five-Year Plan have been achieved on the whole.
The accelerated formation of a new pattern of urban-rural integration has provided a strong impetus for the development of modern agriculture. During the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" period, the development of modern agriculture in China showed three characteristics. First, the foundation of transformation is more solid. The improvement of agricultural infrastructure has been accelerated, the supply of agricultural products is abundant, and farmers' enthusiasm for developing scale operation has been continuously enhanced, which has provided inexhaustible motive force for modern agriculture. Second, the market space is broader. With the continuous growth of population, there is a huge demand for diversified high-quality agricultural products and agricultural functions, which has added space for agricultural development. Third, the innovation drive is more powerful. Rural reform continues to advance, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial revolution are poised for development, and new technologies, new products and new formats are constantly emerging, which has injected strong impetus into agricultural upgrading.
Looking forward to the tenth five-year plan, the internal and external environment of agricultural modernization is more complicated. Under the background of the upgrading of residents' consumption structure, the structural imbalance between supply and demand of some agricultural products has become increasingly prominent. The development of high-quality and specialized agricultural products is relatively backward, and it is more difficult to ensure the balance between total supply and structure. Under the background of tight resource and environment constraints, the problem of extensive agricultural development mode is increasingly prominent. Pollution has spread to agriculture and rural areas, the quantity and quality of cultivated land have declined, and groundwater has been overexploited and put into excessive use. Under the background of the deep integration of domestic and foreign agricultural products markets, the problem of weak agricultural competitiveness has become increasingly prominent. The production costs of labor and land continue to rise, and the prices of major agricultural products at home and abroad are upside down. China's agriculture is facing the problem that it is big but not strong, but superior and surplus.
To continue to promote the development of modern agriculture, we need to strengthen three major driving forces, namely, deepening rural reform, promoting scientific and technological innovation, cultivating new subjects, further releasing reform dividends, tapping the potential of science and technology, and stimulating the vitality of subjects. At present, the main line of rural reform is still to deal with the relationship between farmers and land, and deepen the rural land system reform focusing on the separation of ownership, contracting rights and management rights. Scientific and technological innovation should be regarded as the fundamental driving force for agricultural development, and a number of major technologies and models with independent intellectual property rights should be broken through as soon as possible around technological innovation and institutional innovation. It is necessary to speed up the cultivation of new agricultural management entities and make them the new force and leading force to promote agricultural modernization.