According to industry sources, the Internet small loan management measures mainly include the following four points:
1, with a registered capital of 500 million yuan and leverage ratio of 3-5 times.
2. If the borrower is a natural person, the upper limit of a single investment is 200,000 yuan or 300,000 yuan, which has not yet been determined; If the borrower is an enterprise, the upper limit of single investment is 6,543,800 yuan+0,000 yuan.
3. Offline lending is not allowed.
4. Strive to access the central bank's credit information system within two years.
However, in addition to the above four points, there should be more important terms that have not been disclosed, such as the positioning of small loan companies, shareholder qualifications, the definition of online loan business, and business norms.
Yan Huang, a senior researcher at Sack Research Institute, interprets this as follows:
1. Is the small loan company a financial institution?
In 2008, the Central Bank and the China Banking Regulatory Commission jointly issued the Guiding Opinions on the Pilot Project of Microfinance Companies, which defined microfinance companies as general corporate entities. Such vague legal position also makes small loan companies in an embarrassing position in the daily operation process, especially affecting the smooth development of debt collection. If the borrower commits fraud against a small loan company, because of the identity problem of the small loan company, the borrower's fraud behavior does not meet the constitutive requirements of the crime of loan fraud and cannot be sentenced, but the borrower's civil liability can only be investigated through civil recovery, which also greatly increases the recovery cost of the small loan company.
Small loan companies are actually engaged in financial credit business, so they should be given the legal status of financial institutions as soon as possible, enjoy the preferential policies of financial institutions in financing and operation, and be bound by the relevant regulatory policies of financial institutions to prevent financial risks.
Second, must the controlling shareholder of online small loans be an Internet company?
According to the "Implementation Plan for Special Remediation of Network Microfinance Business Risks of Microfinance Companies" (referred to as "Document No.56" for short) issued by the Online Loan Remediation Office, online microfinance refers to "the microfinance provided to customers by internet companies through their holding microfinance companies, which is characterized by obtaining borrowers through the Internet platform, making use of specific scenario information such as customer operation and online consumption accumulated on the Internet platform to conduct credit risk assessment, and completing the whole loan business process online." According to the above provisions, shareholders must have the following qualifications: first, Internet enterprises, and second, online consumption scenarios.
Looking at the online small loan companies in the market, those who meet the above conditions are Internet companies with consumption scenes like Ali, JD.COM and Tencent, and some traditional financial institutions that want to improve their living environment through Internet technology are rejected.
From the perspective of promoting the development of inclusive finance, both the financial innovation of Internet enterprises and the use of Internet technology by traditional financial institutions to provide products and services are aimed at meeting the financial needs of groups with insufficient financial services and solving the problems of difficult and expensive financing, which should be encouraged and supported.
Internet technology should be a means to help small loan companies with financial ability to improve their operating efficiency and customer experience, and should not be used as a standard for dividing small loan companies, let alone as an access principle for online small loans. Mainly in the following aspects:
1. Simply emphasizing that online small loans must be initiated by internet companies will mislead the industry, ignore the financial ability needed for employment, and easily lead to financial risks.
2. Limiting the shareholders of small loan companies to Internet companies is easy to transmit the inherent risks of Internet companies to the small loan industry.
3. Internet companies' users are mainly concentrated in their own network ecosystem, so they can't let everyone enjoy financial services, and can't fully cover groups with serious financial services such as agriculture, rural areas and farmers and low-income people, which is not in line with the development principle of small loan companies to effectively allocate financial resources and pay attention to expanding the number of customers and service coverage.
In order to give consideration to the operational efficiency of Internet technology and financial risk management and control ability, allocate financial resources more effectively and develop inclusive finance, the shareholders of online small loan companies should not be limited to Internet companies.