1.CAR-T therapy, also known as antigen receptor T cell immunotherapy, is a kind of human cell immunotherapy. The principle of CAR-T therapy is to separate T lymphocytes from patients, amplify them in vitro, and then carry the antigen of tumor cells on T lymphocytes. At the same time, after treatment, the anti-tumor activity of T lymphocytes is obviously enhanced, and then the T lymphocytes with special antigens will specifically attack human tumor cells, so as to achieve the purpose of treating tumors quickly, accurately and accurately, so it is called CAR-T therapy. CAR-T therapy is mainly used for patients with relapsed and refractory B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and refractory B-cell lymphoma. CAR-T therapy can be used for patients who have failed conventional chemotherapy, and some patients have achieved good therapeutic effects.
Second, what is cart therapy?
CarT-T therapy is a kind of immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells, which is mainly used for the clinical treatment of patients with malignant hematological diseases and malignant tumors. CAR-T therapy is to collect and isolate T cells from patients' blood, and then genetically modify them to enhance their targeted killing ability to cancer cells. After a large number of T cells were cultured and expanded in vitro, they were imported into patients to continue to multiply, and finally cancer cells were identified and eliminated in vivo.
2.CAR-T therapy is more lethal to tumor cells, more targeted and more lasting. Each CAR-T is specially designed according to the surface antigen of the patient's tumor, so it is more targeted. Experiments show that when cancer cells reappear in the body, these genetically modified T cells can still exert anti-tumor activity.
3. The treatment method can be used to treat hematological tumors and solid tumors, such as leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, glioma and neuroblastoma. Of course, it should also be clear that this treatment also has some adverse reactions, especially cytokine release syndrome. Patients usually show high fever, nausea, hypotension, dyspnea and so on. In severe cases, neurotoxic manifestations such as epilepsy and coma may occur. This therapy has not been widely used in clinic. On the one hand, the preparation procedure of CAR-T cells is complicated and the technical threshold is high. On the other hand, the curative effect of CAR-T cells on solid tumors is not good at present, and many CAR-T clinical trials of solid tumors are under way. It is expected to create more efficient CAR-T cells through various technologies in order to seek a breakthrough in solid tumors. The good news is that the first CAR-T drug for the treatment of relapsed and refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in China has recently been approved for marketing, or it will further promote the clinical application of CAR-T therapy.