2. Comparable transaction method: select companies in the same industry as start-ups suitable for investment or mergers and acquisitions before valuation, and evaluate the target enterprises according to their transaction pricing.
3. Cash flow discount: Discount the future cash flow by forecasting the future free cash flow and capital cost of the enterprise.
4. Asset method: Data evaluation is based on the funds that the enterprise needs to pay for its future development.
Extended data
1. How to calculate the valuation of listed companies?
In the A-share market, the general valuation is the price-earnings ratio, and the price-earnings ratio of stocks = share price/dividend per share. Investors can judge whether the stock is overvalued or undervalued according to the price-earnings ratio. Undervalued stocks can be bought on dips, while overvalued stocks should be cautious.
Second, how to judge the price-earnings ratio?
1, the P/E ratio is generally compared with the industry average. If it is lower than the average, it means it is undervalued, so it has investment value in the future. If it is higher than the average level, it means that it is overvalued, which means that there may be a bubble and the investment risk in the future is very high.
2. Comparing the stock prices of Hong Kong stocks, some stocks are listed on both A shares and H shares. Generally speaking, A shares and H shares are listed together, and the P/E ratio and share price are generally not far apart. However, the share price of A shares is often higher than that of H shares. If the price difference is too large, it may be overestimated.
3. In the bull market, the reasonable price-earnings ratio of white horse stocks is 30-40 times; In the bear market, the price-earnings ratio of white horse stocks is 30-40 times, which is considered to be overvalued.
3. What's the difference between cost method and market value method?
There are two main differences between them:
1, the essential difference is that the cost method is static, while the market value method is dynamic.
2. The difference in definition: the cost valuation method is based on the purchase price of the bond plus the accrued interest of the bond, which can determine the overdue interest return, but it cannot reflect the real value change of the market; The market value valuation method takes into account the coupon rate of investment bonds and the valuation gains and losses caused by market value fluctuations, and can also reflect the real income of bank wealth management products. This means that the future bank wealth management products will become market-oriented and net-worth wealth management products, thus reducing the systemic risk of bank wealth management products.