The NC system automatically processes the workpiece in strict accordance with the externally input program. We call the external input program that describes the machining process of machine tools NC machining program, which is a program specified by the coding instructions of letters, numbers and other symbols.
The input device inputs various information such as NC machining program into the NC device, and the input content and the working state of the NC system can be observed through the output device. Commonly used input/output devices are: disk drives, CRT and various display devices, computer communication interfaces, etc.
Numerical control device is the core of numerical control system. Its main function is to correctly identify and interpret the NC machining program, perform various data calculation and logical judgment processing on the interpretation results, and complete various input and output tasks.
The drive control device is located between the numerical control device and the machine tool, and includes a feed shaft servo drive device and a spindle drive device. The servo drive device of feed shaft is composed of position control unit, speed control unit, motor and measurement feedback unit. It correctly drives the controlled parts of the machine tool (such as the moving parts and spindle head of the machine tool) according to the position control instructions and speed control instructions issued by the numerical control device. The spindle drive device is mainly controlled by the speed control unit. The motor can be various stepping motors, DC motors or AC motors.
The electrical logic control device of the machine tool is also located between the numerical control device and the machine tool, and receives the switching instructions sent by the numerical control device, and mainly completes the functions of speed selection, start-stop and direction control of the machine tool spindle, tool changing function, workpiece clamping function, cooling, hydraulic, pneumatic and lubrication system control function and other machine tool auxiliary functions. It can be in the form of relay control circuit or programmable controller.
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That's about it.