From the beginning, human society has been confronted with natural disasters and accidents. In the process of struggling with nature, ancient people came up with insurance ideas and original insurance methods to deal with disasters and accidents. Around 2500 BC, the king of Babylon ordered monks, judges and village heads to collect taxes as fire fighting funds. Masons in ancient Egypt set up funeral mutual aid organizations to solve the problem of raising funeral funds by paying membership fees. Soldiers' organizations in the Roman Empire provided living expenses for the survivors of fallen soldiers in the form of fund-raising and gradually formed an insurance system. With the development of trade, around 1792 BC, it was the era of Hammurabi, the sixth king of Babylon, and the business was prosperous. In order to help commerce and protect the goods of mules, horses and caravans that compensate for losses, in code of hammurabi, it is stipulated that * * * should share the compensation for losses.
In 9 16 BC, in Rhode Island in the Mediterranean Sea, the king made the Rhodesian Maritime Code in order to ensure the normal maritime trade, stipulating that the losses suffered by a certain shipowner should be shared by the beneficiaries, including the shipowner and all shippers of the goods. This is the origin of marine insurance.
During the Punic War from 260 BC to 146 BC, in order to solve the problem of military transportation, the ancient Romans charged 24-36% of the merchant's expenses as a reserve fund to compensate for the loss of goods, which is the origin of marine insurance.
In 133 BC, Recchia (* * * economic organization) established in ancient Rome charged people who joined the organization 100 ounces and a respectful bottle of sake. In addition, 5 cents is collected every month and accumulated into provident fund for funeral subsidies. This is the bud of life insurance.
Insurance comes from offshore lending. In the Middle Ages, Italy had high-risk loans. The interest rate of risk loan is similar to today's insurance premium, but it has dropped because its high interest rate is forbidden by the church. 1384, the first insurance policy appeared in Pisa, and the modern insurance system was born.
Insurance has gradually developed from the form of mutual assistance in the embryonic stage to adventure lending, to marine insurance contracts, to marine insurance, fire insurance, life insurance and other insurance, and gradually developed into modern insurance.
17th century, after the Renaissance in Europe, British capitalism developed greatly. After large-scale colonial plunder, Britain gradually developed into a British empire with monopoly advantages in world trade and shipping, which provided conditions for British businessmen to carry out worldwide marine insurance business. The insurance broker system also came into being. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/7th century, Edward Lloyd opened Lloyd's Cafe on the Thames, which became a place for people to exchange shipping information, buy insurance and talk about business news. Then he started insurance business in a cafe. 1696 Lloyd's Cafe moved to London Financial Center and became the predecessor of Lloyd's.
The current fire insurance system originated in Britain. 1666 On September 2nd, a huge fire broke out in London (see London Fire). More than half of the whole city was burned, with a loss of about120,000 pounds and 200,000 people homeless. Because of the lessons of this fire, the concept of insurance has gradually taken root in people's hearts. 1667, Nicola Bapon, a dentist, started life insurance in London and operated house fire insurance. The first firm specializing in house fire insurance appeared, and the number of fire insurance companies gradually increased. During 186 1 year, there were registered fire insurance companies in Britain. From 65438 to 0909, the British government restricted and supervised fire insurance by law, which promoted the normal development of fire insurance business.
1688 insurance organizations such as "widow's pension system" and "widow's insurance association" established in Britain have made life insurance enterprise. .
China insurance
1929165438+1October 20th, Taiping Insurance Co., Ltd. was established in Shanghai, with several branches in China, Hongkong, Southeast Asia and other places, and became a national insurance company with considerable strength in China insurance market at that time.
1949, 10 10 On October 20th, China People's Insurance Company was established in Beijing, announcing the birth of the first national large-scale comprehensive state-owned insurance company in New China.
From 65438 to 0956, Taiping closed its domestic business and specialized in overseas business.
1958 18 In February, the National Financial Conference officially decided to suspend the domestic insurance business.
1979 1 19 10 19 The People's Bank of China held a national insurance conference in Beijing, and the domestic insurance business began to resume after being interrupted for more than 20 years. Insurance institute of china was founded.
198 1 year1February 3 1 day China promulgated the Economic Contract Law of the People's Republic of China, which stipulated the principles of property insurance contracts and became the basis for formulating relevant laws.
September 1983 With the approval of the State Council, China People's Insurance Company was upgraded to a bureau-level economic entity directly under the State Council. 1October 1984 was separated from the People's Bank of China and accepted the leadership, management, supervision and audit of the People's Bank of China.
1On March 3, 985, the State Council promulgated and implemented the Interim Regulations on the Management of Insurance Enterprises, which was the first legal document on the management of insurance enterprises after the founding of New China.
1988 On May 28th, China Ping An Insurance Company was established, which is the first joint-stock insurance company in China. At that time, Ping An Insurance Company was jointly funded by China Merchants Bank and Industrial and Commercial Bank of China. It was the second national commercial insurance company established in China after People's Insurance Company of China in New China. The contribution created by the establishment and subsequent development of Ping An Insurance has had a great impact on the development of insurance industry in China.
199 1 13 In May, China Pacific Insurance Company was established, which formed several major domestic insurance companies, including China People's Insurance Company (predecessor of China PICC, China Life Insurance Company and China Reinsurance Company), China Ping An Insurance Company and China Pacific Insurance Company, which continue to this day.
199 1 In September, China began to draft the first insurance law since the founding of New China.
1993, China Ping An Insurance Company introduced two international investment banks, Morgan Stanley and Goldman Sachs Group, becoming the first insurance company in New China to introduce foreign capital.
1994 10, Tianan Insurance Co., Ltd. was established in Shanghai.
1995 1, Volkswagen Insurance Co., Ltd. was established in Shanghai.
1Adopted at the14th meeting of the Eighth NPC Standing Committee on June 30th, 995. In the same year, 65438+ 10 month 1 was implemented. The promulgation and implementation of "People's Republic of China (PRC) Insurance Law" indicates that the insurance industry in China has entered a new period of legal construction.
1In July, 1996, China People's Insurance Company was renamed as China People's Insurance (Group) Company, with subsidiaries such as PICC Property Insurance Co., Ltd., PICC Life Insurance Co., Ltd. and PICC Reinsurance Co., Ltd.
1In August 1996, Taikang Life Insurance Co., Ltd. was established in Beijing.
1August 1996, new china life insurance co co., ltd was established in Beijing.
On September 9th, 1997, 13 Chinese-funded insurance companies in countries and regions * * * signed the first national convention on the insurance industry in China, which came into effect on 10/0.
1998165438+10/8, China insurance regulatory commission was formally established.
199965438+1October 18. China people's insurance (group) company was reorganized and the group company was revoked. The successor of PICC Property Insurance Co., Ltd. retained its brand and changed its name to China People's Insurance Company.
1999 1, PICC life insurance co., ltd changed its name to China life insurance company.
1March 999 18, PICC reinsurance co., ltd changed its name to China reinsurance company.
In June 2000, Jiang Tai Insurance Brokerage Co., Ltd., the first insurance brokerage company in China, was unveiled in Beijing, becoming the first national comprehensive insurance brokerage company in China.
On June 165438+1October16, 2000, China Insurance Association was announced in Beijing.
On June 20th, 2000, China Insurance Regulatory Commission approved the establishment of four life insurance companies: Minsheng Life Insurance, Oriental Life Insurance, Sino Life Insurance and Hengan Life Insurance.
20011.30 With the consent of the State Council and the approval of the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, Taiping Life Insurance, which was founded in Shanghai in 1929 and moved to Hong Kong to specialize in overseas business for nearly half a century, fully resumed its domestic life insurance business and became the sixth national life insurance company.
In 2002, China Life began restructuring, and successfully listed in new york and Hongkong in 2003. In 2003, PICC China successfully completed the reorganization, and PICC P&C was successfully listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, becoming the "first share" of China's state-owned financial institutions listed overseas.
On February 4, 2003, China Ping An Insurance Co., Ltd. officially completed the division and reorganization, and changed its name to China Ping An Insurance (Group) Co., Ltd.
On July 9, 2003, China People's Insurance Company was reorganized and renamed as China PICC Holding Company.
On June 30th, 2003, China Life reorganized and established China Life Insurance Co., Ltd. exclusively.
On July 2, 2003, KLOC-0, China Life Insurance Company was renamed as China Life Insurance (Group) Company. In 2003, Ping An Bank, controlled by China Ping An Insurance Group, was established. Ping An Bank is the first bank in China that is absolutely controlled by an insurance company. Ping An Bank, formerly known as Fujian Asia Bank, was acquired by China Ping An Insurance Group in 2003. In June 2006, China Ping An acquired Shenzhen Commercial Bank. In June 2007, Shenzhen Commercial Bank merged with the former Ping An Bank and changed its name to Shenzhen Ping An Bank. In June 2009, Shenzhen Ping An Bank was officially renamed Ping An Bank (Ping An Bank Co., Ltd.).
On February 22nd, 2003, 65438+, China Reinsurance (Group) Company was restructured and established.
Since February 1 1, 2004, the insurance industry in China has been fully open to the outside world.
In June, 2006, "Several Opinions of the State Council on the Reform and Development of Insurance Industry" (also known as National Ten Articles) was officially released.
From June 5438 to February 2006, Huaxia Life Insurance Co., Ltd. was established by six large and medium-sized enterprises, including China Jing 'an Credit Guarantee Co., Ltd., Tianjin Port (Group) Co., Ltd. and Tianjin Expressway Investment and Construction Development Company, and was approved by the China Insurance Regulatory Commission.
In 2007, China Life Insurance, China Ping An and China Pacific Insurance landed in the A-share market. Pan-China Insurance is listed and traded on NASDAQ.
In June 2007, China PICC Holdings Company was renamed as China People's Insurance Group Company.
In September, 2007, the premium insurance of ehealthinsurance, an American listed company, was officially launched in Xiamen, which meant that China Insurance entered the era of e-commerce.
On June 3rd, 2009, with the approval of China Insurance Regulatory Commission, Centennial Life Insurance Co., Ltd. was established.
On February 23rd, 2009, 65438, China Pacific Insurance successfully listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, joining hands with two other insurance giants in the Mainland.
201115, 12 16 and new china life insurance co co., ltd. listed simultaneously. Became the first domestic insurance company with A+H shares listed simultaneously, and the fourth domestic insurance stock.
On March 20 12, China Taiping was listed as a financial enterprise directly managed by the central government.
On May 2012 14, with the approval of China Insurance Regulatory Commission, Netgold Insurance Sales & Service Co., Ltd. was established. Kaixinbao.com is a subsidiary website of the company, one of the leading large-scale insurance e-commerce websites in China, and a comprehensive insurance e-commerce platform for NetGold Insurance Sales & Service Co., Ltd. to sell and provide insurance products and services nationwide.
On June 7th, 20 13, China Taiping Insurance was restructured and listed as a whole, and the company was renamed China Taiping Insurance Group Co., Ltd. and listed as a whole.
On June 9th, 20 13, China Insurance Regulatory Commission designated July 8th as "National Insurance Public Publicity Day" to strengthen public awareness of social security.