B, filtration is only a method to separate insoluble solids from liquids, and it is only the separation of mixtures, and no new substances are produced, which belongs to physical changes, so B is wrong;
C, adsorption only uses the adsorption of activated carbon to adsorb impurities on the surface, and no new substances are generated, which belongs to physical changes, so C is wrong;
D, disinfection is generally the use of chlorine gas, chlorine gas reacts with water to generate hydrochloric acid and hypochlorous acid, hypochlorous acid has the effect of sterilization and disinfection, so disinfection belongs to chemical changes, so D is correct.
So choose D.