The battle of Qin's destruction of six countries, also known as the battle of Qin's reunification, refers to the war in which Qin, the most powerful of the seven vassal States, destroyed the other six countries at the end of the Warring States Period and completed the reunification of China.
In 238 BC, Ying Zheng, king of Qin, eradicated Lv Buwei, the prime minister, and Laoai Group, a long-time believer, and came to power. With the help of Li Si and Liao Wei, the King of Qin formulated the strategy of "destroying the princes, claiming the emperor and unifying the whole country". Specific measures are: win over Yan Qi, stabilize Wei Chu and eliminate Zhao Han; Outward attack, one by one.
From the attack on Korea in 230 BC to the extermination of Qi in 22 1 year, * * * forget it 10 year, the six countries of Korea, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan and Qi were successively wiped out, ending the 500-year separatist struggle in China since the Spring and Autumn Period and establishing the first centralized monarchy in China history, namely the Qin Dynasty. The Qin Dynasty was the first unified and centralized feudal dynasty in the history of China.
background
The rise of Qin dynasty:
Qin is a small country in Guanzhong area, located in the west of the country. Far behind the central plains vassal States in the Spring and Autumn Period. When countries dominated the Central Plains Alliance in the Spring and Autumn Period, Qin was often excluded. However, due to Qin Xiaogong's vigorous governance of the country, he appointed Shang Yang to reform and abolish the aristocratic privilege of the old slave owners and the system of seeking worldly wealth, and gradually established a centralized feudal ruling regime. At home, we practiced "rewarding the army and teaching the peasants", and fought against the vassal states in Lian Heng.
Sima Cuo joins Hanzhong and Bashu in the south and Yiqu and Longxi in the north. The vast area of Bashu was successively owned by Qin. After Leitian led the army to attack Chu and Du Ying, defeated Zhao and Wei allied forces in Huayang, and annihilated Zhao in Changping. Almost all rivers and mountains in the Central Plains are under the control of the State of Qin.
Since Shang Yang's political reform, Qin has established a centralized state power due to thorough social reform. The emerging landlords have relatively strong strength, rapid economic development, well-equipped troops and strong combat effectiveness. By the time the king of Qin ascended the throne, all six countries in Kanto had declined, while Qin became stronger and stronger.
After hundreds of years of hegemony and annexation in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the world gradually developed in the direction of unification. With the decline of the six countries and the prosperity of Qin's national strength, Qin's unification of the world has become an irreversible trend.
When King Zheng of Qin had just ascended the throne, Li Si pointed out in "Letter to King Zheng of Qin" that Qin had the conditions to unify the world, and the six countries had actually fallen to the status of counties in Qin. This shows that it is natural for Qin to unify the world.
The Decline of the Six Kanto Countries;
Qi is a powerful country in the East. However, in the early Qin Dynasty, when the regime of Qi State spread to Wang Jian of Qi State, the hegemony established during the Qi Weiwang period had become a thing of the past, and Qi State was only the name of an oriental power. Its politics is backward, its economy is developing slowly, the country has no good ministers and generals, and the army has no ambition to forge ahead and fight. Facing the war that Qiang Qin is about to launch to destroy the six countries, he is unprepared and waiting for death.
South Korea was originally the weakest party in the Sanjin. When Han Huan arrived, Han had surrendered to Qin. In the early Qin Dynasty, the territory of South Korea was even smaller, leaving only the capital Yangzhai and its surrounding 10 small and medium-sized cities, which basically existed in name only.
Although Wei experienced the most prosperous period in the early Warring States period, it is located in the vast areas outside Hedong, Hexi, Hanoi and the river, and the situation is dangerous. However, because it blocked the throat of Qin Dong's going out to the valley of letters, it has been the number one opponent of Qin State for many years, especially since Wei Huiwang, and its territory has been shrinking day by day.
In the early years of Qin Dynasty, the situation of the country was even weaker in the late period of King Wei Anli. Xinlingjun stole the symbol to save Zhao, United with the vassal States to resist Qin, and won a great victory outside the river, which greatly improved the prestige of Wei. Should have recovered the old frontier of Wei, but Wang Anli was at a loss, listened to the Qin State to sow discord, deposed Xin Lingjun, and lost the opportunity to make a comeback.
Zhao is located in the north of the Central Plains, 2000 miles away, and is also a powerful country in the north. When Zhao Wuling was king, he advocated Khufu's riding and shooting, innovated politics, made Qiang Bing rich, and made the whole country refreshed. Zhao refused the Huns in the north and the Huns in the south, and became a country that could compete with Qin. However, after the death of King Wuling of Zhao, Zhao was repeatedly attacked, and Lian Po and Li Mu, the elite soldiers of the country, were not appointed, but they listened to rumors and slandered him. This fatuity and incompetence of Zhao Wang finally broke Zhao Weiqin.
In the early Spring and Autumn Period, Yan was a very weak country. When it arrived in Yan Zhaowang, it made great efforts to expand its territory and become stronger. It once reached Liaodong in the north, Shanggu in the west and Qi and Zhao in the south. When Yan was in power, instead of mending with neighboring countries Zhao and Qi, it often launched scuffles, wasting people and money, and its national strength was huge, making it a slightly weaker country among the six countries than South Korea.
From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period, the State of Chu never lost its position as a great power in the south, with a territory of 5,000 miles and a million miles, a vast territory and abundant resources, with millet branches 10 years. It is a big country with considerable strength among the vassal States.
However, since the Qin Dynasty captured the capital of Chu in Leitian, the power of Chu was greatly weakened, and the capital was forced to move to Chen Di, and then moved to Juyang and Shouchun. Forced to move the capital many times, it greatly dampened the morale of the Chu people. Before and after the reign of Chu Gaolie, Chu actually had the name of strong Chu, far from Qin.