Basic introduction Chinese name: PFI MBTH: private financing initiative English original intention: Private financing activities Chinese translation name: basic information, characteristics, programmable functions and basic information of private active financing PFI is the optimization of BOT project financing, which refers to the * * * department. According to the social demand for infrastructure, Put forward the projects that need to be built, and the private sector that has obtained the concession will build and operate the public infrastructure projects through bidding, and return the operated projects to the * * * department intact and debt-free at the end of the concession period (usually about 30 years), while the private sector will charge the * * * department or service provider to recover the cost. Characteristics Although PFI originates from BOT and involves the problem of "construction-operation-transfer" of the project, as an independent financing method, PFI has the following characteristics compared with BOT: 1. The project subject is single. The main project of PFI is usually a combination of domestic private enterprises, which embodies the power of private funds. The project subject of BOT mode is a non-profit organization, which can be either a domestic private enterprise or a foreign company. Therefore, compared with BOT mode, PFI mode has a single project subject. 2. The project management mode is open. PFI mode realizes the open management of the project. First of all, for the project construction scheme, the * * * department only puts forward several alternative schemes according to social needs, and the final scheme is determined through consultation with private enterprises during the negotiation process; BOT mode is determined in advance by * * *, and then bidding negotiation. Secondly, the land supply mode of the project location and the distribution of future operating income or subsidy amount should be determined in combination with factors such as * * * and the financial resources of private enterprises at that time, expected project benefits and contract period. Different from BOT mode, these problems are stipulated in the framework document in advance. For example, in BOT mode, land is provided free of charge without negotiation, while in PFI mode, it is generally needed. So PFI mode is more flexible than BOT mode. 3. Implement a comprehensive agency system. PFI mode is a comprehensive agency system, which is also different from BOT mode. As the main body of project development, BOT company usually has its own development ability, and only entrusts some preliminary work such as survey and design and some work in construction and operation to relevant professional institutions. But PFI itself usually does not have the development ability. In the process of project development, various agency relationships are widely used, and these agency relationships are usually clearly stipulated in tenders and contracts to ensure the safety of project development. 4. After the expiration of the contract, handle the project management right flexibly. After the expiration of PFI mode, if private enterprises fail to realize the benefits stipulated in the contract through normal operation, they can continue to own or obtain the management right by renewing the lease, which needs to be clarified in the early contract negotiation; BOT mode clearly stipulates that after the franchise expires, the built assets will be owned and managed by * * * for free. According to the different ways of fund recovery, PFI projects can usually be divided into the following three categories: (1) services sold to the public sector. That is, the private sector forms an enterprise consortium to design, build, raise funds and operate projects, while the * * * department pays fees to the private sector according to the usage or shadow price of the infrastructure during the operation of the infrastructure by the private sector. (2) Financially independent charging items. That is, private enterprises design, build, finance and operate the facilities, collect fees from the users of the facilities to recover the costs, and hand over the facilities to the public sector intact and debt-free after the expiration of the contract. This way is basically the same as the operation of BOT. (3) Joint ventures. In other words, for the development of special projects, part of the investment is made by * * *, while the construction of the project is still carried out by the people, and the ways of fund recovery and other related matters are agreed by both parties in the contract. This kind of project is also called "government-civilian cooperation project" in Japan. In addition, PFI is the abbreviation of port fuel injection in the field of internal combustion engine, which means port injection. In a series of data acquisition cards developed by NI Company, a programmable function interface (PFI) is designed. This kind of interface is usually the signal input end, and can also be used as the output end for special requirements.