There are different methods for warehouse design schemes in different industries and enterprises, but the overall design ideas are basically the same. The following summarizes some methods of warehouse design and shares them with you. Everyone is welcome to criticize and correct me.
I. Basic data
All applications of warehouse design are based on data. Without data, there is no way to design. Blindly slapping the head may lead to mistakes in decision-making and cause huge economic losses. Therefore, when doing the overall design of the warehouse, the first task is to obtain the basic data of the warehouse design.
Generally speaking, warehouse design needs to master the following basic data:
1. Product details: product SKU material number, length, width, height, weight, stacking standard and storage requirements.
2. Product delivery data: delivery details and delivery details.
3. Historical inventory data: it is recommended to take the historical inventory data of 1 year.
4. Warehouse hardware design drawing: warehouse floor plan, operation door/column/operation dock distribution drawing, fire fighting equipment/lighting equipment distribution drawing, warehouse hardware parameters: load bearing, ground type, etc.
5. Future change trend of warehouse business: We can look at the change trend of 1-3 years or 1-5 years according to the industry.
Second, product analysis
The most basic function of warehouse is to store and import products. When designing a warehouse, the first thing is to analyze the products. Different products have different requirements for storage methods, picking methods and storage systems.
In product analysis, it needs to be clear:
1, storing the product SKU quantity;
2. Product packaging specifications: length * width * height;
3. Product weight;
4. Storage characteristics and requirements of each SKU product;
5. Stacking standard for each SKU.
Third, data analysis.
Frankly speaking, the data analysis of logistics design industry is not good at present, and it is basically at the statistical level rather than the analytical level. At present, in the industry, some practices are handled manually by EXCEL, and some professionals are using professional software.
From a professional point of view, we suggest that you adopt EIQ analysis method. EIQ analysis is to study the demand characteristics of distribution center by using three key logistics elements: "E", "I" and "Q", and provide planning basis for distribution center. This theory was put forward and actively promoted by Mr. Zhen in Japan. Where e stands for "item", I stands for "item" and q stands for "quantity". This paper not only analyzes the distribution characteristics and distribution characteristics from the aspects of customer order items, quantity and order times.
I: refers to the type of product; Q refers to the in-and-out workload and inventory of products. EIQ analysis is the POS system of logistics center, which systematically plans the logistics system and analyzes the distribution characteristics from the perspective of customer order category, quantity and order times. E (order entry), I (goods) and Q (quantity) are the key factors of logistics characteristics. EIQ analysis is to use these three key factors to study the characteristics of logistics system, so as to make basic planning.
At the level of data analysis, EQ, IQ and EN analysis are basically needed, and then ABC analysis is carried out on the product. Through these analyses, we can make clear the product turnover, sku flow and storage capacity.
In warehouse design, data processing and analysis is the most basic but also the most important part. There are many tutorials on EIQ analysis online, which can be studied in depth. In addition, there are many professional data processing software on the market.
Fourth, the warehouse operation process design
In industrial production, every link and step is carried out in strict accordance with the production process. So is the warehousing business. According to the theory of industrial production, it is also a strict production operation process from goods warehousing to internal processing to product warehousing. Therefore, in the process of warehouse design, it is necessary to design the warehouse operation process.
The operation flow in the library includes:
1. Warehousing process design: how to operate warehousing and how to put on shelves.
2. Inventory process design: daily inventory, weekly inventory, monthly inventory and inventory methods.
3. Delivery process design: replenishment process, picking process and loading process.
4. Document transfer process design: how to transfer receipt documents, picking lists, issue documents and issue documents.