Automobile maintenance is an important part of automobile life. As the saying goes, it takes seven points and three points to raise a car. What kind of car to cultivate depends on the way different car owners raise their cars. Some cars are relatively young, and their condition seems to have been used for seven or eight years. Some cars are older than their owners, and their condition seems to be two or three years old, which is similar to a new car.
Some car owners, especially female car owners, don't know much about car maintenance. As a member of automobile association, it is necessary to know some basic knowledge of maintenance parts, so today we will talk about related topics, which can also increase our knowledge of automobile maintenance.
Generally speaking, basic maintenance is divided into minor maintenance and major maintenance, which is a conventional saying. Minor maintenance generally refers to the replacement of engine oil and engine oil filter, while major maintenance refers to the addition of an air filter and an air conditioner filter on the basis of minor maintenance. Of course, different automobile brand after-sales systems have different names for maintenance. For example, in Mercedes-Benz, it is called A guarantee and B guarantee, but it is similar to minor maintenance and major maintenance.
Of course, in addition to the three filters of engine oil, it is also necessary to check the remaining service life of various vulnerable parts, such as tires, brake pads and brake discs. In principle, these wearing parts are replaced according to the actual use, and some stores will judge whether to replace them according to the use time. Of course, this is not rigorous, nor does it advocate this standard.
motor oil
That is, engine oil. The functions of engine oil are: lubrication, auxiliary cooling, cleaning, sealing, anti-rust, anti-corrosion and shock absorption.
This is a common label for oil. Next, let's understand the meaning of this label.
5: Cold start is reliable. If 5 minus 35℃ equals -30℃, the engine oil can ensure the smooth start of the engine at this temperature.
Woman: Winter (winter)
40: kinematic viscosity of engine oil at 100℃. The higher the value, the higher the viscosity.
5W or 0W engine oil is the most common. Generally speaking, Japanese cars are generally suitable for oils with low kinematic viscosity (such as 5W-30 and 0W-20), while German cars are generally suitable for oils with high kinematic viscosity (such as 0W40 and 5W40).
The lower the kinematic viscosity, the thinner the viscosity is at the normal working temperature of the engine, which is relatively more fuel-efficient. However, engine oil with low kinematic viscosity is not suitable for high temperature engines. Too thin oil at high temperature will lead to poor adhesion, insufficient lubrication and increased engine wear. Therefore, racing cars and supercars will use high-viscosity engine oil, such as engine oil with viscosity above 50.
API (american petroleum institute) is the abbreviation of api gravity. The series starting with "S" stands for gasoline engine oil; The series starting with "C" stands for diesel engine oil. The letter after s or c indicates; From "SA" to "SM", with each additional letter, the performance of engine oil will be better than the previous one, and there will be more additives in engine oil to protect the engine.
Our common synthetic engine oil is usually SN or SL.
What are the common engine oil brands? Give a general introduction.
Royal Dutch Shell Group is currently the largest oil company in the world, headquartered in The Hague, the Netherlands and London, England, and formed by the merger of Royal Dutch Oil Company and British Shell Company. ULTRA is our common shell product.
ExxonMobil is an American petroleum and petrochemical company, and its product Mobil 1 (called "Jin Mobil" in China) has good performance.
Castrol is a sub-brand of BP. At present, the Volkswagen brand cooperates, and the oil provided by the original Volkswagen factory is provided by Castrol. Its products have excellent extreme protection performance.
The above three brands have a high market share in the domestic market and are also mainstream brands in the international market. Most 4S shops and repair stations offer at least one product. Here are some other brands of engine oils.
Founded in Germany on 1945, Wuerth Company is a pioneer in the fields of building materials, tools and chemicals. Its product SYNTH A 0W-40 is refined from four base oils (PAO) in synthetic engine oil, with excellent performance.
In recent years, Limo, the German engine oil brand with the highest market share, entered China for a short time, and its energy-based total synthesis is also refined from four types of base oils, which is the top engine oil in its product line.
France Mott Lubricant was founded in 1853, and Mott 8 100 X-MAX is its flagship engine oil product.
Total is headquartered in Paris, France, and its flagship product is Chi Chi series.
Anceaux, an American oil company, has a relatively small scale in China, and its packaging capacity is quarts. When filling this oil, it is especially necessary to check the dipstick scale.
Flowserve engine oil, a German brand, has a low market share.
The basic knowledge of engine oil is introduced. By the way:
1. Excessive oil filling will lead to excessive internal running resistance of the engine and power reduction.
2. The oil lamp alarm is not necessarily due to the lack of oil, and the change of oil quality will also lead to the oil lamp alarm.
3. In fact, there is not much difference between different brands of engine oil. At present, there is no company whose engine oil technology is far ahead, and the engine oil strength at the same price is basically the same.
It is most important to make sure that the oil is genuine. It is better to use real mineral oil than fake synthetic oil. Remember!
oil filter
When we change the oil, the oil filter (machine filter for short) also needs to be changed. If the quality of the machine filter is too poor, it will do the same harm to the engine as using fake engine oil.
Function of mechanical filtration:
Filter out dust, metal particles, carbon black and lampblack particles produced by wear in engine oil; Intercept all 3- 25 micron particles in engine oil; Reduce the number of wear particles that can penetrate the oil film and prevent internal wear of the engine.