How can a company be called a company? Are there any standards for industries and groups?

A company is a form of enterprise organization. Strictly speaking, a company refers to a profit-making legal entity established by shareholders according to law. In other words, a company is an economic entity organized according to a certain organizational form. Generally, it is an organization established for profit, engaged in business activities or for some purposes. Its mission is to maximize the interests of investors and exchange income by providing products or services. It is the product of social development and develops with the development of social division of labor. Companies generally have the ability to bear civil liability independently. Collectively referred to as legal persons. In the concept of a company, it generally includes four elements: 1, the company established (required) according to law is a legal person engaged in business activities, and the acquisition of legal person qualification and business qualification requires national recognition, compliance with the conditions prescribed by law, fulfillment of procedures prescribed by law, and obtaining business licenses issued by relevant state organs; 2. The purpose of establishing a company with the contribution of profit-making shareholders is to obtain profits through the company's business activities, and profit-making has become an important component of the company, which is an important feature that distinguishes the company from non-profit public welfare legal persons, administrative state organs and non-commercial companies. A company whose purpose and main activity is to engage in administrative management should not be called a company because it is not a company in the strict sense. 3, an independent legal person company must have independent property as the basis of its business activities and the premise of civil liability. Article 3 of China's Company Law stipulates: "Limited liability companies and joint stock limited companies are enterprise legal persons." A company as a legal person must meet the conditions stipulated in Article 37 of the General Principles of Civil Law. Industry is dominated by manufacturing, and of course, it can also include services, but most of them are dominated by manufacturing. English is (industry). A company that starts an industry is called an industrial company. This is not the same as an investment company. Their value creation process is different as follows: industrial company: g = > W =>G' investment company: g = > G' supplement: g is money, w is goods, and g' is cost. Industrial companies need commodities as intermediate links and currency conversion, while investment companies are direct monetary returns. There is no intermediate link. There is no "group" in the company law, only limited liability companies and joint-stock limited liability companies. However, in reality, we often see the name of a group company. In fact, this is just a company (or enterprise) alliance formed by the close relationship between several companies in business, circulation and production. In addition, some companies have diversified their business strategies and set up corresponding subsidiaries in many fields. In this way, the parent-subsidiary company will form an enterprise group because of this "blood relationship", which is quite similar to the group army in the army. These are the origins of the group companies we often talk about. First, there is no concept of group in company law. However, in real economic life, there is the concept of group company. Group companies are called enterprise groups in relevant national normative documents, but in industrial and commercial registration, they are generally called XXX group companies. Second, the earliest national normative document on the formation and definition of enterprise groups is Several Opinions of the State Commission for Economic Restructuring and the State Economic Commission on the Formation and Development of Enterprise Groups (1987 12 16). The definition of enterprise group in this document is as follows: enterprise group is an economic organization with multi-level organizational structure to meet the objective needs of socialist planned commodity economy and socialized mass production. Its core layer is an economic entity with independent management, independent accounting, self-financing, tax payment according to regulations, economic responsibility and legal personality. 2. The enterprise group is based on public ownership, with brand-name high-quality products or the main products in the national economy as the leader, with one or several large and medium-sized backbone enterprises and independent scientific research and design units as the main body, and is composed of a group of enterprises and scientific research and design units with internal economic and technical ties; It plays an important role in the production and operation activities of a certain industry or a certain kind of products, has strong scientific research and development capabilities, and has comprehensive functions such as scientific research, production, sales, information and service. With the initial establishment of China's market economy, the above provisions can no longer cover all enterprise groups, because non-public enterprise groups already exist in real life. 199 1 Notice of the State Council on Forwarding the State Planning Commission, the State Commission for Economic Restructuring and the the State Council Production Office on Selecting a Group of Large Enterprise Groups for Pilot Project (Guo Fa [1991] No.71) points out: "Enterprise groups are adapted to China's socialist planned commodity economy. At this time, public ownership will no longer be emphasized. But the spirit of this document is mainly to support large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises to form enterprise groups. 65438+1May 1992, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce/State Planning Commission/State Commission for Economic Restructuring/the State Council Production Office jointly issued the Implementation Measures for the Registration Management of National Pilot Enterprise Groups (for Trial Implementation). The document stipulates: Article 2 The national pilot enterprise group is established with large enterprises or holding companies as the core, and after being approved by the examination and approval authorities authorized by the State Council or the State Council, it shall apply to the State Administration for Industry and Commerce for registration. Without the approval of the registration authority, no organization or individual may use the name of the enterprise group. Article 3 A national pilot enterprise group shall meet the following conditions: (1) It has a strong group core and the function of an investment center. The core of the group can be a large-scale production and circulation enterprise or a holding company with abundant capital. (b) There must be a multi-level organizational structure. In addition to the core enterprises, there must be more than three close-layer enterprises, and there can also be semi-close-layer and loose-layer enterprises. (3) The core enterprises of an enterprise group and other member enterprises should form an organic whole through the ties of assets and production and operation. Asset holding relationship should be established between core enterprises and compact enterprises. Core enterprises, tight enterprises and semi-tight enterprises should gradually develop asset chains. (4) The core enterprises and other member enterprises of an enterprise group have the qualifications of legal persons. Article 4 The core enterprises of national pilot enterprise groups shall be large enterprises owned by the whole people or state-owned holding companies. Since then, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce has formulated the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Enterprise Group Registration, which stipulates: Article 3 An enterprise group refers to an enterprise legal person consortium with a certain scale, which is composed of parent companies, subsidiaries, shareholding companies and other member enterprises or institutions, with capital as the main link and the articles of association of the group as the norm. Enterprise group does not have the qualification of enterprise legal person. Article 4 An enterprise group consists of a parent company, subsidiaries, joint-stock companies and other member units. Institutions and social organizations can also become members of enterprise groups. The parent company shall be a holding enterprise registered in accordance with the law and qualified as an enterprise legal person. The subsidiary shall be an enterprise legal person with all shares or control rights owned by the parent company; Other members of the enterprise group shall be other enterprise legal persons, institutions legal persons or social organizations legal persons whose parent company shares or forms production and operation cooperation relations with the parent company. Article 5 An enterprise group shall meet the following conditions: (1) The registered capital of the parent company of the enterprise group is more than 50 million yuan, and it has at least 5 subsidiaries; (2) The total registered capital of the parent company and its subsidiaries is more than 654.38 billion yuan; (3) All members of the group have legal personality.