1, use
This system is formulated in order to strengthen the company's risk management, prevent accidents and realize the standardization and scientification of safety technology and safety management.
2. Scope
2. 1 planning, design and construction, commissioning, operation and other stages;
2.2 Conventional and unconventional activities;
2.3 Accidents and potential emergencies;
2.4 Activities of all personnel entering the workplace;
2.5 Transportation and use process of raw materials and products;
2.6 Facilities, equipment, vehicles and safety protection articles in the workplace;
2.7 Discarding, abandonment, dismantling and disposal;
2.8 the surrounding environment of the enterprise;
2.9 Climate, earthquake and other natural disasters, etc.
3. Responsibility
3. 1 The general manager appoints the deputy general manager of production to organize the establishment of the control system for major hazard sources.
3.2 The Deputy General Manager of Production is directly responsible for the leadership of risk assessment, organizing the formulation of risk management system, setting up an assessment organization, conducting risk assessment and determining the risk level.
3.3 The Security Section is the centralized management department for risk assessment, and is responsible for the training of risk management, the assessment and analysis of huge risks and major risks of the company, the review of risk assessment records of all units of the company, the acceptance of control effect, the establishment and update of files of major hazard sources and the regular update of risk information.
3.4 The person in charge of each department is responsible for the risk analysis, recording, review and control effect acceptance of low risk, that is, the grade is judged as major risk (excluding major risk).
3.5 Managers at all levels of the company are responsible for organizing and participating in risk assessment, providing relevant information and requiring employees to actively participate in risk assessment and risk control.
3.6 Risk assessment and control mainly serve the personnel engaged in this work, and require the employees of this work to make an assessment. In the initial stage of evaluation, managers at all levels can provide training, guidance and demonstration to employees, and gradually turn into employee self-evaluation, and employee risk evaluation can be combined with skill evaluation.
3.7 When a non-company construction unit goes to the workshop to engage in a certain work, the risk assessment and control should be given priority to the construction unit, supplemented by the workshop, and discussed and analyzed together. The signature of the analyst should also include two parts. The management of the construction unit is responsible for examination and approval.
3.8 The same project involves the operations of multiple departments (maintenance, electrical appliances, instruments, foreign units, etc.). ), analyzed and evaluated by each department, and then summarized by the project leader.
4, control program
4. 1 graded risk management
4. 1. 1 Risk assessment is classified according to risk assessment standards;
4. 1.2 Each department is responsible for the risk assessment of all direct operations, operating posts, key devices and key parts within its jurisdiction.
4. 1.3 operational risk. The operation with high risk shall be signed by the department head, reviewed and signed by the security department, and submitted to the company leader for final approval; Major risk operations shall be signed by the department head in the first instance and submitted to the Security Department for final approval; Operations with moderate risk, acceptable risk and negligible risk shall be finally approved by the department head or the department full-time (part-time) safety officer.
4. 1.4 post (equipment, location, etc. ) risk. Location (equipment, parts, etc.). ) Where there are great risks and major risks, the department shall manage them as key parts and equipment in accordance with the Safety Management System for Key Devices and Key Parts; Location (equipment, parts, etc.). ) moderate risk, acceptable risk and negligible risk should be isolated and protected, and the department should formulate operating procedures to reduce risks.
4. 1.5 Responsibility for risk assessment and analysis:
Before the project planning and design, the safety pre-evaluation shall be conducted by qualified institutions;
The technical department shall conduct risk analysis on the construction of the project and make risk control records;
After the project is put into production, all departments should analyze the risks of routine and unconventional activities and make risk control records;
The Engineering Department and the Safety Department are responsible for risk analysis and risk control records of important process changes;
Equipment & Technology Department is responsible for risk analysis of equipment increase or decrease, and keeping risk control records;
This department should evaluate the risks of accidents and potential emergencies and keep control records;
The activities of personnel entering the workplace are analyzed by the department;
The supply and marketing department shall conduct risk analysis on the transportation, storage and use of raw materials and products, and make risk control records;
Natural disasters such as climate and earthquake should be evaluated by qualified units.
4.2 Selection of risk assessment methods
4.2. 1 The risk assessment method for direct operation is job hazard analysis (JHA);
4.2.2 Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is a risk assessment method for posts, places and devices;
4.2.3 Safety Checklist (SCL) is the risk assessment of important equipment and key equipment;
4.2.4 Other risk analysis methods approved by the deputy general manager of production.
4.3 Evaluation criteria
The qualitative risk assessment of the company should be conducted according to the risk assessment criteria, and the risk assessment team should adopt appropriate assessment criteria to conduct quantitative risk assessment. The external evaluation criteria are selected by the relevant qualification institutions.
4.4 Implementation steps of risk assessment activities
4.4. 1 The Deputy General Manager of Production presides over the risk assessment activities and establishes the assessment organization. The members of the organization are composed of people with rich experience in safety evaluation and safety production management.
4.4.2 Relevant departments shall collect and sort out the information required for risk assessment and submit it to the assessment institution.
4.4.3 Hazard source identification, on-site inspection and identification of hazardous and harmful factors.
4.4.4 Determine the risk level of the evaluation target through qualitative or quantitative evaluation.
4.4.5 According to the evaluation results, control measures are put forward.
4.4.6 Draw the evaluation conclusion.
4.4.7 The risk assessment shall analyze the possibility and severity of the impact on people, property and environment, and pay attention to the following factors:
Fire and explosion;
Influence and impact;
Poisoning, suffocation and electric shock;
Leakage of toxic and harmful substances and gases;
Other chemical and physical hazards;
Ergonomic factors (refers to the reasonable matching of personnel, equipment and working environment, so that the equipment and environment can adapt to people's physiological and psychological characteristics, thus making the operation simple, accurate and less mistakes);
Corrosion and defects of equipment;
The possible impact on the environment, etc.
4.5 Identify major risks
4.5. 1 Relevant regulations and standards;
4.5.2 Possibility of occurrence of risks and severity of consequences;
4.5.3 The reputation of the company and the degree of social concern, etc.
4.6 Content of risk control
4.6. 1 When selecting risk control measures, you should consider:
Feasibility and reliability of control measures;
Advance and safety of control measures;
Economic rationality of control measures and company operation;
Reliable technical support and service.
4.6.2 Control measures shall include:
A. engineering and technical measures to achieve intrinsic safety;
B. standardize the management measures of safety management;
C. Educational measures to improve employees' operating skills and safety awareness;
D. personal protective measures to reduce occupational hazards.
4.6.3 Risk control management:
According to the results of risk assessment, the selected risk control measures are implemented to control the risk at an acceptable level. For projects identified as significant risks. Need to create a file, including:
A. risk assessment report and technical conclusions;
B. audit opinions;
C. hidden danger management plan, including capital budget, etc. ;
D. governance timetable and responsible person
E. completion acceptance report.
4.7 Risk information update
Continuously organize risk assessment, identify risks and hidden dangers related to production and business activities, and regularly review or check risk control results. The frequency of risk assessment is generally once a year. When the following situations occur, the company shall conduct risk assessment in time.
New or changed laws, regulations or other requirements;
Operation change or process change;
New construction, renovation, expansion and technical transformation projects;
Have a new understanding of accidents, incidents or other information;
The organization has undergone major adjustments.
4.8 Control system of major hazard sources
4.8. 1 Identification of major hazard sources. According to the provisions of Identification of Major Hazard Sources (GB 182 18-2009), the major hazard sources in the company's production area are identified. The company's existing major hazards include trichlorosilane storage tank area.
4.8.2 Major hazard sources shall be managed in accordance with the Management System for Major Hazard Sources.
4.9 Publicity and training of risk management
Conduct regular risk training for employees, including risk factor identification, risk assessment methods, control measures and emergency plans. , so as to enhance employees' risk awareness, make them realize the risks in their posts and master risk control skills.
4. 10 risk assessment standard
4. 10. 1 terminology
(1) risk: risk (r) is the combination of possibility (l) and consequence (s) of a specific dangerous event.
Risk R= possibility L× consequence severity s
(2) Hazard: refers to the source or state that may cause casualties, diseases, property losses and damage to the working environment.
(3) Hazard identification: the process of identifying the existence of hazards and determining their nature.
4. 10.2 risk assessment method
Selection of risk assessment methods.
Table 1 Risk Assessment Method
Operation activity selection method frequency reserved comment
Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) of direct operation activities shall be checked and maintained before operation activities.
Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) is the first choice for posts, positions and devices.
Secondly, the hazard analysis (LEC) of operating conditions involves an annual process, such as trichlorosilane filling.
Critical and important equipment safety checklist method (SCL) once a year, single equipment of hydrogen compressor, diaphragm compressor and refrigerator.
4. 10.3 job hazard analysis (JHA) and safety list (SCL) and determination of risk level
(1) Job Hazard Analysis (JHA)
A. Work hazard analysis process
B. Select an operation activity from the operation activity list, decompose the operation activity into several interrelated work steps, identify the potential hazard factors of each work step, and then determine the risk level through risk assessment and formulate control measures.
C. The operation steps should be divided according to the actual operation steps. Wearing protective equipment and handling operation tickets do not need to be analyzed as operation steps. Activities such as wearing protective equipment and handling working tickets can be included in the control measures.
D. the operation steps only need to explain what, not how to do it. The division of operation steps should be based on the observation of the work, discussed and studied with the operators, and analyzed by using their own understanding of the work.
E. Identify the hazards that may occur at each step, and the possible results and severity after the accident caused by the hazards. Identify existing security measures and conduct risk assessment. If these control measures are not enough to control the risk, put forward the suggested control measures.
F. If the operation process is long and there are many operation steps, the operation activities can be divided into several blocks according to the process. Each piece is a big step, and a big step can be divided into several small steps.
G. For the evaluation unit using job hazard analysis, the risk level should be determined in each step, and the control measures should be controlled first for the step with the highest risk level.
H for similar operations that are frequently carried out, a standard job hazard analysis record can be made in advance.
(2) Safety List (SCL)
A. The safety checklist analysis method is an empirical analysis method. Analysts list some items according to the objects to be analyzed, identify known types of hazards, design defects and hidden dangers related to general process equipment and operation, find out unsafe factors at all levels, and then determine the inspection items, and then compile the inspection items into tables in the order of system composition by asking questions for inspection and review.
B after the inspection items are listed, the corresponding standards should also be listed. Standards can be the provisions of laws and regulations, industry norms and standards, or the relevant operating procedures and technological procedures of enterprises. After listing the standards, the possible consequences of not meeting the standards should also be listed.
(3) Determine the risk level through job hazard analysis (JHA) and safety checklist (SCL)
A. See Table 2 for the criteria for judging the possibility of danger.
Table 2 Criteria for Judging the Possibility of Danger
Serial number calibration
5 Prevention, monitoring, protection and control measures are not taken at the site, or hazards cannot be found (without monitoring system), or such accidents or incidents often occur under normal circumstances.
The occurrence of hazards is not easy to be found, there is no detection system or any monitoring on site, or there are control measures on site but they are not effectively implemented, or the control measures are improper, or the hazards often occur or occur under expected circumstances.
3 no protective measures (such as no protective devices, no personal protective equipment, etc.). ), or the operating procedures are not strictly observed, or the occurrence of hazards is easy to be found (there is a monitoring system on site), or it has been monitored, or similar accidents and incidents have occurred in the past, or under abnormal circumstances.
Once the hazard occurs, it can be found in time and monitored regularly, or there are preventive and control measures on site and can be effectively implemented, or dangerous accidents and incidents have occasionally occurred in the past.
1 If there are sufficient and effective prevention, control, monitoring and protection measures, or employees have a high awareness of safety and health, and strictly implement operating procedures, the possibility of accidents and incidents is extremely small.
B the criteria for judging the severity of dangerous consequences are shown in table 3.
Table 3 Criteria for determining the severity of harmful consequences
Property loss of S-value personnel/10,000 yuan parking others
(5) causing death; Major environmental pollution caused by company parking.
Causing serious injuries; 20. The image of some key equipment parking companies has been greatly negatively affected.
3 causing minor injuries-10 reducing the production load and causing environmental pollution.
(two) causing minor injuries; (3) Little impact, almost all parking will cause slight environmental pollution.
1 No casualties, no losses, no parking, no pollution and no impact.
C. See Table 4 for the judgment criteria and control measures of risk grade R.
Table 4 Standards and Control Measures of Risk Grade R
Risk level risk (r = l× s) control measures
Huge risks 20 ~ 25 Before taking measures to reduce the hazards, the operation cannot continue, and the improvement measures are evaluated.
Major risks 15 ~ 16 Take emergency measures to reduce risks, establish operation control procedures, and conduct regular inspection, measurement and evaluation.
Medium risk 9 ~ 12 Establish objectives, establish operational procedures, and strengthen training and communication.
Acceptable risks 4 ~ 8: Establish operation procedures and work instructions. And check it regularly.
Negligible risks ￠4 No control measures are needed, and records shall be kept.
4. 10.2 method of identifying hazards (hazard sources)
(1) Identify objects according to their unsafe state (unsafe stage conditions or material conditions that may cause accidents).
In GB644 1-86 "Classification of Casualty Accidents of Enterprise Employees", the unsafe state of things can be divided into four categories: lack or defect of protection, insurance, signal and other devices, defect of equipment, facilities and tool accessories, lack or defect of personal protective articles and appliances, and bad environment in production (construction) places.
(2) Identify according to people's unsafe behaviors (behaviors that violate safety rules or common sense and make accidents possible).
In GB644 1-86 Classification of Casualty Accidents of Enterprise Employees, people's unsafe behaviors are classified into 13 categories, such as operational errors, failure of safety devices, and use of unsafe equipment.
(3) Identify according to the direct causes of accidents and occupational hazards.
According to GB/T 1386 1-92 "Classification and Code of Hazardous Factors in Production Process", hazardous factors in production process can be divided into six categories: physical hazardous factors, chemical hazardous factors, biological hazardous factors, psychological and physiological hazardous factors, behavioral hazardous factors and other hazardous factors.