Sedum is a perennial wild herb of Sedum, with a plant height of 15 ~ 20 cm, watercress-like leaves, a length of 3 ~ 5 cm, no petiole, slightly serrated edges, thick and fleshy, and green. In summer, yellow flowers, yellow flowers and green leaves branch on the stem, which are bright and dazzling.
First of all, vegetables have high nutritional value.
According to the research, every100g of fresh food contains 2. 1 g of protein, 8 g of carbohydrate, 0.7 g of fat, 0.5 g of crude fiber, 2.8 mg of carotene, 0.05 mg of vitamin B/kloc-0 and 0.3/kloc-2. Fresh vegetable soup is fresh, fried meat is delicious, and it can be used for cold salad, cooking and soup making, which is deeply loved by people. At present, Liancheng County, Fujian Province has taken fat vegetables as an important part of agricultural structure adjustment, which has set an example for all localities.
Second, the medicinal value
Sonchus oleraceus contains alkaloids, oleanolic acid, sitosterol, flavonoids, sedge, fructose and vitamins. These pharmaceutical ingredients can achieve the effects of lowering blood pressure, preventing apoplexy and preventing heart diseases (such as coronary heart disease, paroxysmal tachycardia, arrhythmia, rheumatic heart disease, etc.). ) By preventing arteriosclerosis, lowering blood lipid, dilating cerebral vessels and improving coronary circulation. On June 1998 and 1, the Family Doctor's newspaper published "Good Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases with Lung Dishes" written by Dr. Liu, in which it was mentioned that Chinese medicine believed that lung Dishes were sour in taste and flat in nature. Acid can nourish yin and blood, so it treats palpitations (arrhythmia, paroxysmal tachycardia) caused by heart failure; Acid can also enter the liver, nourish the liver yin, and be flat but not dry, so it has the effect of calming the liver and suppressing yang and treating hypertension. For the treatment of palpitation, you can use 100g fresh cauliflower, 100g honey, 1 pig heart (without cutting open). Put the pig's heart in a jar, fill it with cabbage and pour honey, so there is no pig's heart. Steam in a pot. Eat pork heart, vegetables and soup twice a day. 1 once every other day, eat 6 or 7 pig hearts for food and you will be cured. For the treatment of hypertension, 100g of fresh vegetables can be decocted with honey and taken continuously for 1 week, and the blood pressure can be reduced to normal. It is especially suitable for hypertensive patients with flushing, upset and irritability. Hu Jiayan, a native of Jiangxi, reported in the 5th issue of Yuehua in 2000 that 1977 suffered from hypertension, and 1988 suffered from heart disease. After taking the medicine, his condition was relieved, but his condition recurred after stopping taking the medicine. 1April, 1999, I began to plant, propagate and use vegetables for my own use, and my condition gradually improved. He recovered in about 1 year. At present, many families in China, especially elderly comrades, have replaced tea with expensive food, and tea has become a fashionable and good drink. It can be said that it is a waste of food instead of tea, which can cure diseases and protect health without getting sick, be beneficial to health and prolong life.
Three. Key points of cultivation techniques
Feicai has the characteristics of easy planting, easy management and fast reproduction. Cabbage is propagated by cutting, which can be planted outdoors in early May in the north and indoors in buildings with heating in winter. The method is to cut off two green branches 1 section, leave 2 ~ 4 leaves on them, and insert the base into a flowerpot or wooden box filled with mixed sand with half sand and half soil. The suitable cutting depth is 1 ~ 2 cm. Water is poured, covered with wet cloth, placed in a semi-shade, and sprayed with water 1 ~ 2 times a day. After 5 days, the wet cloth is uncovered, and then it is uncovered after 25 days. The survival rate of this method can reach 95% ~ 98%. Swertia japonica has a very high reproduction rate, and one Swertia japonica can reproduce 1000 plants a year. Feicai does not have high requirements for soil, but it is best to be sandy loam, which is not afraid of strong light and heavy rain. The author has cultivated for more than 6 years and found no pests and diseases. The water should be "wet". If you don't do it, water it thoroughly. Fertilization should be "eat less and eat more meals" and must not be excessive. Generally, fertilizer or water should be applied once a month, especially after each harvest (similar to leek, which has some stems and leaves cut off from the ground) to promote branching and increase vegetable yield. In the cold season in the north (before the first frost in this area), move into indoor management. In a word, cabbage has strong stress resistance and vitality, and it is easier to carry out cutting seedling raising and cultivation management.
Fecal vegetables are edible, medicinal and ornamental. Planting a few pots of dung vegetables at home has practical value, but also beautifies the environment, purifies the air, cultivates sentiment and adds interest.
Introduction, Propagation and Management of Potato
How to introduce 1?
In addition to eating and viewing, sonchus sonchifolius also has the effect of treating cardiovascular diseases, so it is cultivated all over the country, generally for self-propagation, self-cultivation and personal use, as a Chinese herbal medicine for health care and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. It should be noted that: first, it is reliable, because Sedum belongs to Sedum family, and many plants in this family are similar in shape to Sedum, so don't introduce fake seedlings. Second, Feicai only blooms without seeds (the reason of abortion is unknown), so it can only buy seedlings without seeds.
2 How to improve the survival rate of cuttage
Potamogeton crispus has strong vitality and reproductive ability. As long as the rooting conditions are met, the survival rate of green branch cutting can reach 95%-98%. The technical points of green branch cutting are as follows:
2.65438+ However, the cost of food is different. Young roots are directly emitted from the branches inserted into the soil, and wound healing is not difficult, which not only accelerates the rooting progress, but also improves the survival rate of seedlings.
2.2 Branch cutting tools have a small number of branches, and ordinary flower pots can be used. When the quantity is large, it is best to use rectangular wooden cases, which need a certain soil layer. Generally, the height of the box is about 15 cm, and it can hold 12- 13 cm thick soil layer.
2.3 The soil should have good water permeability. Take sand and garden soil and mix them evenly according to 1: 1.
2.4 The soil temperature suitable for cutting is 20-25℃. This is the most important factor to ensure the rooting of green branches and the key to the survival of cuttings.
2.5 branches should develop well. If the branches are tender, after cutting, the parts inserted into the soil are easy to be moldy and difficult to survive. Excellent branches with a length of at least 2-3 cm are light brown (the color gradually develops upwards), and the survival rate of cuttings is high. Generally, 1 green branches can be cut into 2-4 cuttings, each of which is 3-4 cm long and has 2 nodes.
2.6 Branch treatment The branches collected should be cut on the same day. When cutting, leave the top two leaves and remove the extra leaves. The cuttings are not treated with any rooting agent because: ① Swertia has strong rooting ability; (2) POTAMOGETON crispus is sensitive to the concentration of rooting agent, which is difficult to master, but slightly higher concentration inhibits rooting.
2.7 Cutting depth 1- 1.50 cm, plant spacing of 2 cm.
2.8 Before cutting, first pour 1 time soil, then tie the hole with a small stick according to the required distance and depth, then insert the branch into the hole, gently press it with your fingers, and finally pour 1 time water, so that the soil and branches can be closely combined to facilitate water absorption and rooting.
2.9 Placement Place the cut box in a semi-shady place to avoid direct glare.
2. Within 5 days after10 managed cutting, cover the wooden box with wet cloth (the temperature of plastic cloth is difficult to control, so it is not suitable to use) to reduce the water loss of leaves and maintain a certain humidity. On the sixth day, take off the wet cloth (at this time, as long as the temperature is suitable, the fibrous roots have been sent out), and irradiate the green branches with soft light for photosynthesis to promote the growth of hairy roots and roots at the base. After that, water the leaves twice a day and water them according to the dry and wet conditions of the soil. After 25-30 days, the seedlings can be transplanted into flowerpots or gardens.
3 How to manage potted vegetables
3. 1 containers can be used to cultivate expensive vegetables, such as flowerpots, discarded flowerpots and wooden boxes. Rectangular wooden cases are best, and the length and width of the wooden cases are not limited. The height of the wooden cases is 15 cm, and the wooden cases can hold soil layers with a thickness of 12- 13 cm. No matter what container, there should be holes in the bottom, and excess water can seep out of the basin (box) after watering. The size of the wooden box should be based on portability and can be moved indoors in winter.
3.2 Choose sandy soil with good water permeability as soil and base fertilizer. Take out 20- 100 g of decomposed livestock manure and bean cake from each tank (box), mix them evenly, put them into the soil as base fertilizer, and then put them into the container.
3.3 The planting density and row spacing are 4×4 cm.
3.4 After transplanting, place it in the semi-shade at the first 1 week, and then move it to the leeward and sunny place after delaying the seedlings.
3.5 water should be timely and appropriate. Do "see dry and wet, don't do it, pour it through." "Seeing dry" refers to the situation that the soil water content is low, and the method of knocking on the basin to listen to the sound is generally adopted; The sound is crisp and the soil water content is low, which is "dry"; The sound is heavy and muddy, and the soil contains a lot of water and is "wet". It can also be used to observe the color and properties of leaves of Sedum alfredii (or grass in a pot) to determine the wet and dry conditions of the soil. You can't water half of it, otherwise the top is wet and the bottom is dry, and you can't water it when the soil water content is high, so that the soil water content is saturated and the air is lacking. In both cases, the leaves are easy to turn yellow, leading to the death of Feicai.
3.6 Fertilization should be applied less frequently, that is, the amount of topdressing should be less each time and the number of topdressing should be frequent. Generally, fertilization should be applied once a month 1 time. It is best to use organic granular fertilizer for flowers, or put bean cakes and waste animal offal in a container and soak them in water, and then use them after fermentation. When you use it, you can't directly apply the stock solution. You must use more than 20 times of water, otherwise it will easily burn the vegetables. You can also chase a small amount of compound fertilizer. After harvesting tender stems and leaves every time, topdressing 1 time can promote branching and increase vegetable yield.
3.7 In winter in northern Liaoning, Sedum Sedum is full of vitality. You can move it to Nanyang Terrace in the heating building to continue growing, or you can put it in a corridor or outdoor leeward place, water it 1 time, then cover it with straw, and then cover it with some snow after it snows, so you can hibernate and overwinter. The new buds in the second spring are stronger than Sedum notoginseng.
4. How to grow vegetables in the garden?
In garden cultivation, sufficient water, fertilizer, light and heat can expand the nutritional area of each plant, which is beneficial to the growth and development of vegetables, and the yield is much higher than that of potted plants. Garden cultivation is extensive, so we should pay special attention to the following points:
4. 1 Apply sufficient and decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer before fertilizing and ridging, and dig loose the soil before ridging.
4.2 If seedlings are transplanted in spring (indoor or greenhouse in winter), it must be carried out when the ground temperature is stable at 13- 15℃. At this time, seedlings are transplanted quickly, grow well and cost is high. The seedlings bred in spring can be transplanted at any time because the temperature is suitable.
4.3 The transplanting method adopts 1 8 double row cultivation, which is zigzag. That is, dig a shallow ditch with a width of 15-20 cm and a depth of 5- 10 cm in the middle of the ridge, put the seedlings vertically on the two walls of the ditch, plant spacing of 15-20 cm, water them, water them 1 time after seepage, and cover the soil after seepage. When covering the soil, the seedlings should be upright, the roots should be stretched, and the soil should be covered tightly.
4.4 Field management Water and fertilizer management is basically the same as pot culture. However, watering should be based on the dry and wet conditions of the soil, timely watering should be carried out in the spring drought in the north, and attention should be paid to drainage and waterlogging prevention in rainy summer. Spraying potassium sulfate or compound fertilizer 10- 15 kg every 667 square meters before winter, or spraying 0.2%-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution twice, and spraying 1 time every1day, to promote the healthy growth of POTAMOGETON POTAMOGETON and be beneficial to overwintering.