Test and analysis: Combined with historical facts, the old warlord has disappeared at this time, so ① the feudal rule of the old warlord is wrong; (2) the encroachment of bureaucratic capital; (3) the economic plunder of imperialism; and (4) the cruel war environment, all of which are the reasons why national capitalism is difficult to develop, so we should choose item D..
Comments: Factors hindering the development of modern national industries. (1) Congenital deficiency. Compared with the development of western capitalism, China's modern national industry lacked capital, talents, technology market and ideological preparation.
(2) the semi-colonial and semi-feudal social environment. The oppression and bondage of imperialism, feudalism and bureaucratic capitalism are the main factors that hinder the development of modern national industry.
(3) acquired deformity. Due to congenital deficiency, small national industrial capital, small scale and weak technical force, the investment direction and development are mainly in the field of light industry, and the foundation of heavy industry is weak, mainly distributed along the border and trading ports. This imbalance of industrial structure and regional distribution makes the national industry develop abnormally and fails to form an independent and complete industrial system.
(4) The long-term political turmoil in modern China made the development of national industries lack a stable social environment.