Borrow: bank deposit; Loans: short-term loans
When an enterprise borrows a long-term loan from a bank, the accounting entries are:
Borrow: bank deposit; Long-term loan-interest adjustment; Loan: Long-term loan-principal
When an enterprise borrows from a bank, if it borrows short-term loans, it should be accounted for by the subject of "short-term loans"; If you borrow a long-term loan, you should pass the account of "Long-term loan-principal"; If there is any difference, the account of "long-term loan-interest adjustment" should also be debited.
In the case of liquidity shortage, enterprises will borrow money from banks to obtain funds for project investment. Some enterprises that have just started a business or need capital turnover will choose to borrow from banks to ensure the normal operation of enterprises, and the interest rate of bank loans is relatively low. Specific examples are as follows.
The details of the entry of the loan from the bank are as follows: loan: bank deposit 100000 loan: short-term loan 100000 (if the loan term does not exceed one year, it should be "long-term loan").
Entries for paying loan interest: financial expenses1800; Loan: bank deposit or cash on hand1800; Entry for repayment of loan: short-term loan 100000 (if the loan term is less than one year, it should be "long-term loan"); Loan: bank deposit or cash on hand100000; Accounting entries are also called "bookkeeping". Short for "entrance". According to the requirements of the double-entry bookkeeping principle, it lists the records of the corresponding accounts and amounts of each economic transaction.
Bank deposit accounting enterprises generally set up the subject of "bank deposit" to account for and reflect all kinds of deposits deposited by enterprises in banks or other financial institutions. The debtor reflects the increase of the enterprise's deposits in the bank, and the lender reflects the decrease of the enterprise's deposits. General debit at the end of the period reflects the balance of corporate bank deposits.
Enterprises in the withdrawal of reserve funds, the general debit "bank deposits" subjects, credited "cash" subjects; When withdrawing and spending deposits, debit "cash", "accounts payable", "prepayments" and other related subjects and credit "bank deposits" subjects.
Cashiers need to register a "deposit journal" every day, which should be set according to the opening bank and other financial institutions, deposit types, etc. , and register one by one according to the order of business development and income and expenditure, and the balance after income and expenditure on that day needs to be settled every day.
Check the Deposit Journal and Bank Statement at least once a month, that is to say, the book balance at the end of the month of a general enterprise should be equal to the balance of the bank statement, but if there is any difference between them, the financial personnel must find out the reasons one by one and deal with them, and make a "bank balance reconciliation table" every month, and finally adjust it to the balance of both.