quarantine measure
1) quarantine inspection method: visual inspection: this method is mainly used for origin investigation. During the investigation, carefully observe whether the trees are developing normally, pay attention to the phenomena such as the decrease and stop of resin secretion, the browning and wilting of needles, the dead branches and the whole plant, and observe whether there are any signs of decay, spawning holes, feathering holes, etc. on the trunk of longicorn beetles. If yes, perform an autopsy again. Anatomical examination: saw off and split suspicious and diseased trees with tools to see if the weight of the material is obviously reduced; Whether the xylem is blue; Are there any traces of Monochamus alternatus life on the trunk? Funnel separation inspection: drill wood tissue from the diseased part of wood or the habitat of Anoplophora longicorn, crush it, wrap it with double gauze, put it on a glass funnel with rubber hose and intercepting clip below, soak it in water for 65438 02 hours, centrifuge the lower soaking solution, take 65438±05ml of its precipitation, put it under an anatomical mirror, and check and identify it according to the morphological characteristics of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. (2) Quarantine treatment: the wood and its products shall be subjected to heat treatment at 60℃ or nematicidal treatment before use or before leaving or entering the country. If pine, packing boxes and other products carrying Bursaphelenchus xylophilus are found in quarantine, they should be fumigated with methyl bromide immediately; Or soak in water for more than 5 months; Or immediately sent to the factory for slicing, used as industrial raw materials such as fiberboard, particleboard or pulp, and burned as fuel in time. Path trees, branches, etc. are burned centrally in the stadium with little value to prevent omission.
Agricultural measures
Cleaning up forest land, cutting down and burning diseased and dead trees, and removing diseased and residual plants are reliable countermeasures. Especially in dangerous areas, it is feasible to suppress the spread of pathogens in this way. Burn and/or treatment must be carried out after cutting, otherwise it will become a new source of infection. Set up isolation belt to cut off the transmission route of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, so as to cut off the food supply of longicorn beetles, effectively control the spread of insect vectors and achieve the purpose of controlling Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.
Chemical control
1) Killing Monochamus alternatus: Spraying Fenthion emulsion (or oil agent) (400-600ml per square meter of tree surface) on the surface of damaged trees in late summer and early autumn (before 10) can completely kill Monochamus alternatus larvae under bark; In winter and early spring, the larvae or pupae of longicorn beetles are located in the xylem of diseased trees, and the control effect of spraying chemicals is poor and unstable. When cutting damaged trees, the residual cutting roots should be low, and the cutting roots should be cut off at the same time, and the cutting branches should be burned centrally. Logs can be fumigated with methyl bromide or processed into thin slices (below 2 cm). Soaking logs in water for 100 days also has an insecticidal effect of more than 80%. These measures must be completed before the emergence of longicorn beetles. During the period of supplementary nutrition after emergence, 0.5% chlorpyrifos emulsion (2-3 kg per plant) can be sprayed to control longicorn beetles and protect healthy crown. (2) Prevention and treatment of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A few weeks before the occurrence of nematodiasis, faubus, faubus, faubus and other systemic insecticides and nematicides were applied to the root soil of pine trees, or faubus was injected into the trunk to prevent the invasion and reproduction of nematodes. The nematicide in the trunk can effectively prevent the invasion of nematodes.
biotic-control
Beauveria bassiana can be used to control insect vectors, and nematicidal fungi can also be used to control pine wood nematodes. 5. Disease-resistant varieties: At present, Japan mainly uses Pinus massoniana, Pinus taeda and Pinus thunbergii to cultivate disease-resistant varieties.