Question 2: Who invented electricity? Electricity exists, not invented, and should be discovered. Franklin, an American scientist, got electricity from the kite experiment and accumulated it in a container now called Wright bottle, that is, many books say that a person put the key on the kite in a thunderstorm, and then connected the other end of the kite-pulling thread (ordinary cotton thread) to Wright bottle (a container with two metal sheets, which are close but not touching) to get the charge. Since then, electricity has been discovered and its existence has been proved. Inspired by lightning (high-altitude gas discharge phenomenon).
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Question 3: Who invented electricity? Electricity can't be invented, and it can't be said who discovered it, but in the study of electricity, I remember many celebrities, Franklin studied lightning; Faraday discovered the law of electromagnetic induction, which made the large-scale application of electricity possible. Volt, Ampere and Ohm have all made indelible contributions in the field of electricity. Of all those people, what I admire most is that there is not much literary talent, only diligence. He discovered electromagnetic induction, but the paper was written by someone else.
Question 4: Who first invented electricity? electric current
Electricity is a natural phenomenon. Electricity is a property that produces repulsion and attraction between subatomic particles such as electrons and protons. It is one of the four basic interactions in nature. There are two kinds of electricity or charges: we call one positive and the other negative. Through experiments, we found that charged objects repel each other when the polarity is the same, attract each other when the polarity is opposite, and the attraction or repulsion obeys Coulomb's law.
The discharge phenomenon in nature The unit of charge in the International System of Units is Coulomb.
Ancient discovery
In China, the ancients believed that the phenomenon of electricity was generated by the excitation of Yin and Yang, and Shuo Wen Jie Zi said that "electricity, Yin and Yang excite brilliance, from rain to spirit". "Vocabulary" includes "thunder from behind, electricity from application. Yin and yang become thin and become thunder, and discharge becomes electricity. " There is a record about static electricity in Lun Heng (about the first century AD, that is, the Eastern Han Dynasty). When amber or tortoise shell is rubbed, it can attract light and small objects, and it also describes the phenomenon that silk is rubbed to generate electricity. However, ancient China didn't know much about electricity.
Around 600 BC, the Greek philosopher Thales (640-546 BC) knew that the friction of amber would attract fluff or sawdust, which is called static electricity. Electricity in English means "amber" in ancient Greek. Static electricity in Greek is (elektron)
Modern exploration
/kloc-in the 0/8th century, the west began to explore various phenomena of electricity. American scientist Benjamin Franklin (1706 ~ 1790) thinks that electricity is a weightless fluid and exists in all objects. When an object gets more electricity than normal, it is called positively charged; If it is less than a positive constant, it is called negatively charged. The so-called "discharge" is the process from positive current to negative current. This theory is not completely correct, but it retains the names of positive charge and negative charge. The concept of "electricity" in this period is a material proposition.
Franklin did many experiments and put forward the concept of current for the first time. 1752, in a kite experiment, he put a kite with a key in the cloud with a metal wire, and the metal wire wet by rain led lightning in the air between his finger and the key, which proved that lightning in the air and electricity on the ground are the same thing.
From matter to electric field
Electricity began to develop in18th century. J.B.Priestley (1767) and Coulomb (C.A. Coulomb1736-1806) found that the force between electrostatic charges is inversely proportional to the distance, which laid the foundation for static electricity.
/kloc-in 0/800, Italian Volt (A.Voult) made the first battery by immersing copper and tin in salt water and connecting wires. It provided the first continuous power supply and was called the ancestor of modern batteries. 183 1 year, M. Faraday of Britain demonstrated the generation of induced current by using the change of magnetic field effect. In 185 1, he put forward the concept of physical power line. This is the first time to emphasize the concept of charge transfer to electric field.
Electric and magnetic fields
1865, Maxwell put forward the mathematical formula of electromagnetic field theory and provided the concept of displacement current. The change of magnetic field can produce electric field, and the change of electric field can produce magnetic field. Maxwell predicted the existence of electromagnetic radiation, and such electromagnetic waves were shown in H.Hertz of 1887. As a result, Maxwell integrated electricity and magnetism into a theory, which also proved that light is an electromagnetic wave.
The development of Maxwell's electromagnetic theory also explains microscopic phenomena, pointing out the existence of split charges rather than continuity. 1895, H.A. Lorenz assumed that these split charges were electrons, and the role of electrons was determined by the electromagnetic field of Maxwell's electromagnetic equation. 1897, J.J.Thomson of Britain confirmed that the electronicity of these electrons is negatively charged. 1898, W.Wien observed the deflection of anode rays and found the existence of positively charged particles.
From particle to quantum
Humans have always described the world of "electricity" with particles and waves existing in nature. /kloc-in the 0/9th century, the appearance of quantum theory put the originally constructed particle world to the test again. Heisenberg;
Question 5: Who invented electricity? Most of the things we use everyday now need electricity to start! However, who invented electricity? The word "electricity" is transferred from the Greek word "amber", and the earliest electric phenomenon discovered by human beings is friction electrification. Around 600 BC, ancient Greece was in the heyday of culture, and aristocratic women liked to wear soft silk clothes and amber jewelry when they went out. Amber is a kind of resin fossil. When exposed to light, it will show a bright color of yellow or red, which was an expensive ornament at that time. People always clean amber jewelry when they go out. However, no matter how clean it is, it will soon suck up the dust from the upper layer. Although many people have noticed this phenomenon, they can't explain it at the moment. A Greek named Thales studied this magical phenomenon. After careful observation and thinking, he noticed that the amber jewelry hanging around his neck kept shaking when people were walking, rubbing against his silk clothes frequently, which inspired him. After many experiments, Thales found that amber rubbed with silk really has the ability to attract light objects such as dust, fluff and straw. So he called this incomprehensible force "electricity". Edison had a generator before he invented the electric light bulb. The historical background is as follows: 1660, Gehrig built the world's first rotating friction generator, but it generated static electricity and was difficult to be used. 1780, Italian doctor Ghianni studied the current generated by chemical action rather than static electricity from the reaction of animal tissues to current. He claimed that animal tissues could generate electricity. Although his theory was proved wrong, his experiment promoted the study of electricity. 1799, Italian physicist Volt proved that Jaffney's current does not come from animals. Putting any wet object between two different metals will produce current. This discovery directly led Volt to invent the world's first battery in 1800. 182 1 year, the British physicist Faraday invented the world's first motor. Although this device is simple, it is the ancestor of all motors in the world today. This is a major breakthrough. However, its practical use is still very limited, because there is no other way to generate electricity except simple batteries. 183 1 Faraday found that when a magnet passes through a closed circuit, there will be current in the circuit, and this effect is called electromagnetic induction. Is one of Faraday's greatest contributions. Therefore, he invented the world's first generator that can generate continuous current. The future generators are all made according to the same electromagnetic induction principle. Since then, mankind has entered the era of electrical appliance application, and various practical electrical appliances have begun to appear. 1879 Edison invented the world's first practical incandescent light bulb. Power plants around the world have developed rapidly since Edison invented the electric light. Pearl Street Power Plant was put into operation in Manhattan, new york in 1882, and is known as the earliest power plant in the world. There are 6 sets of steam engine generator sets 120 kW. The earliest power plant in China was also built in 1882. It was established by the British in the Shanghai Concession. At that time, the power plant was designed to supply power for electric lighting. Old Shanghainese called power plants electric light companies, which is probably the reason.
Question 6: Who invented electricity? Electricity is an energy source driven by electric energy. 19 in the 1970s, the invention and application of electric power set off the second industrialization. It has become one of the three major scientific and technological revolutions in the world since the18th century in human history, and technology has changed people's lives since then.
Even in today's internet age, our demand for electricity is still growing, because we have invented computers, home appliances and other products that use more electricity. It is undeniable that the constant emergence of new technologies makes electricity a necessity for people.
The large-scale power system that appeared in the 20th century is one of the most important achievements in the history of human engineering science. It is a power production and consumption system composed of power generation, transmission, substation, distribution and electricity consumption. It converts the primary energy in nature into electric energy through power generation devices, and then supplies the electric energy to all users through transmission, transformation and distribution.
Production methods: thermal power generation (coal), solar power generation, large-capacity wind power generation technology, nuclear power generation, hydrogen power generation, water conservancy power generation, etc. 2 1 century, energy science will create more brilliance for human civilization. Fuel cell Fuel cell is a chemical power source that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen, natural gas, coal gas, methanol, hydrazine and other fuels into electrical energy. Efficient and clean utilization technology of biomass energy Biomass energy is energy based on biomass.
Transmission power
power transmission
The transmission of electric energy, together with transformation, distribution and power consumption, constitutes the overall function of the power system. Through power transmission, power plants that are far apart (up to several meters in Qian Qian) are connected with the load center, which makes the development and utilization of electric energy exceed the geographical restrictions. Compared with other energy sources (such as coal transportation and oil transportation), electric power transmission has the advantages of low loss, high efficiency, flexibility, convenience, easy adjustment and less environmental pollution. Power transmission can also connect power plants in different locations to implement peak-valley regulation. Electric energy transmission is an important embodiment of the superiority of electric energy utilization and an important energy artery in modern society.
Transmission lines can be divided into overhead transmission lines and underground transmission lines according to their structural forms. The former is composed of line towers, conductors and insulators, and stands on the ground; The latter mainly uses cables and is laid underground (or underwater). According to the nature of the current, power transmission can be divided into DC transmission and AC transmission. In 1980s, 65438+2009, DC transmission was successfully realized for the first time. However, due to the limitation of low voltage rise (transmission capacity is roughly proportional to the square of transmission voltage), 65438+2009 was replaced by AC transmission. The success of AC transmission ushered in the electrification era of the 20th century. Since the 1960s, due to the development of power electronics technology, DC transmission has made new progress, which is matched with AC transmission to form an AC -DC hybrid power system.
The level of transmission voltage is the main symbol of the development level of transmission technology. By the 1990s, the commonly used transmission voltages in the world were 220kV and below, 330-765kV UHV transmission and1000kV UHV transmission.
In the substation power system, the power plant converts the natural primary energy into electric energy and transmits the electric power to the distant power users. In order to reduce the power loss and line impedance drop on transmission lines, it is necessary to increase the voltage. In order to meet the safety requirements of power users, and to reduce the voltage and distribute it to all users, a substation that can step up and down the voltage and distribute electric energy is needed. Therefore, the substation is the electrical equipment that converts voltage, receives and distributes electric energy in the power system. It is an intermediate link between power plants and power users. At the same time, the power grids of all voltage levels are connected through substations. The function of substation is to convert voltage, transmit and distribute electric energy. Substation consists of power transformer, power distribution device, secondary system and necessary auxiliary equipment.
Transformer is the central equipment of substation, which adopts the principle of electromagnetic induction.
The power distribution device is a device that connects all switchgear and current-carrying conductor auxiliary equipment in the substation. Its function is to receive and distribute electric energy. The power distribution device is mainly composed of bus, high-voltage circuit breaker switch, reactor coil, transformer, power capacitor, lightning arrester, high-voltage fuse, secondary equipment and other necessary auxiliary equipment.
Secondary equipment refers to the equipment and devices used to measure, control, monitor and protect the state of the primary system. The loop formed by these devices is called secondary loop and secondary system.
The equipment of the secondary system includes measuring device, control device, relay protection device, automatic control device, DC system and necessary auxiliary equipment.
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Question 7: Who invented electricity for 30 minutes is not an invention, but a discovery and utilization.
1660, Gehrig built the world's first rotating friction generator, but it generated static electricity, so it was difficult to be put into practical use.
1780, Italian doctor Ghianni studied the current generated by chemical action rather than static electricity from the reaction of animal tissues to current. He claimed that animal tissues could generate electricity. Although his theory was proved wrong, his experiment promoted the study of electricity.
1799, Italian physicist Volt proved that Jaffney's current does not come from animals. Putting any wet object between two different metals will produce current. This discovery directly led Volt to invent the world's first battery in 1800.
182 1 year, the British physicist Faraday invented the world's first motor. Although this device is simple, it is the ancestor of all motors in the world today. This is a major breakthrough. However, its practical use is still very limited, because there is no other way to generate electricity except simple batteries.
183 1 Faraday found that when a magnet passes through a closed circuit, there will be current in the circuit, and this effect is called electromagnetic induction. Is one of Faraday's greatest contributions. Therefore, he invented the world's first generator that can generate continuous current. The future generators are all made according to the same electromagnetic induction principle.
Since then, mankind has entered the era of electrical appliance application, and various practical electrical appliances have begun to appear.
1879 Edison invented the world's first practical incandescent light bulb.
Power plants around the world have developed rapidly since Edison invented the electric light.
Pearl Street Power Plant was put into operation in Manhattan, new york in 1882, and is known as the earliest power plant in the world. There are 6 sets of steam engine generator sets 120 kW.
The earliest power plant in China was also built in 1882. It was established by the British in the Shanghai Concession. At that time, the power plant was designed to supply power for electric lighting. Old Shanghainese called power plants electric light companies, which is probably the reason.
Question 8: Who invented electricity? Floor: 1 electricity exists in nature, not invented, but discovered. Benjamin? American scientist Franklin used kites to attract lightning in July 1752, which made people realize that lightning is a kind of electricity. Since then, Franklin invented the lightning rod, which was widely popularized in Europe. 1786, Italian scientist galvanic accidentally discovered that frog legs placed between two different metals would have spasms, which he thought was bioelectricity. He learned of this discovery in 179 1 year, which aroused great interest and made a series of experiments. 1793, Volt published a paper and summarized his experiments. Later, through further experimental research, Volt finally found that two different metals can generate electricity without animals, and invented the battery accordingly. Volt happily called it an artificial generator. The invention of the Volt battery enabled scientists to conduct various electrical research with a large continuous current, which promoted the great progress of electrical research. 1839, British judge William grove discovered the magical fuel cell in an amateur experiment. 1866, German engineer Siemens invented a high-power generator and used it on locomotives. Electricity has really entered the production of human society.