Hou has four surnames:
1, with surname and country name as surname. It is descended from Yu Xia. According to legend, some descendants were named Hou and established the post-state. Later generations took the country (land) as their surname and called it Hou Shi.
2, directly from the Yellow Emperor to the descendants of Xuanyuanji, taking the title as the surname. The State of Jin, more than 3,000 years ago, belonged to Zhou Chengwang's younger brother Tang Shuyu. And Hou Shi is from the State of Jin. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Duke Ai of Jin and his younger brother were killed by Duke Wu of Jin, and later people moved to other countries, taking the title of their ancestors as their surname, namely Hou Shi.
3. Start from the third quarter. During the Spring and Autumn Period, Duan Shu of the State of Zheng was discovered and punished by his younger brother, Zhuang Gong. He fled to this place and was called Duan Shu. After his death, he gave his descendants the title of Hou Shi.
4. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, ethnic minorities changed their compound surnames to Hou surnames. During the Northern Wei Dynasty, the northern Xianbei people changed their surnames to Hou Shi, such as Gukou Yin Shi, Hou Nvshi and Guyin Shi. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was a man who first sealed Hou Fu, then He Tun, and finally changed his surname to Hou. Among the ethnic minorities who moved to Luoyang with Wei Wendi, Chen Mo changed his surname to Hou Shi.
Ancestor: Hou The origin of the surname Hou can be traced back to Zhou Wenwang. The first Hou Shi, according to Yuan He Shi Bian, during the Spring and Autumn Period, the descendants of Hou in the State of Jin fled to other countries and took Hou as their surname. At that time, Zheng had Hou Yiduo and Hou Duoyu, Lu had Hou and Hou Fei, Qi had Hou Dynasty, and Wei had Hou Ying. According to the book "Tang Prime Minister's Lineage Table", the late Jin Dynasty was killed by Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty, and later people fled abroad, taking "Hou" as their surname. According to textual research, this Hou Shi is a descendant of Zhou Wenwang more than 3,000 years ago, and belongs to authentic blood. Therefore, the descendants of surname take Hou as the ancestor of surname.
Second, migration distribution.
Hou's surname originated in Shanxi and Henan. In the early years of the Han Dynasty, the descendants of Duan Shu moved to Shanggu and gradually formed a noble family. Shanggu has also become a county in Hou Shi. Because many Hou surnames come from the uncle of Zheng's royal family and the Jin royal family of Jin State, Hou surnames come from Ji surnames. Hou Fangyu, a beginner in the late Ming and Qing Dynasties, was born in Shangqiu (now Shangqiu County). He was a literary genius when he was young. He wrote Records of the Historian, organized the "Revival Society" and "Compilation Society", which was highly praised by the literati at that time. He, Fang Yizhi, Mao Bao are also called "four sons". There are not many historical materials about the migration and distribution in Hou Shi, so it is difficult to test them today. Generally speaking, Hou Shi originated in Shanxi, China, and spread all over Shanxi, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Ningxia and other provinces during the Qin and Han Dynasties. Among them, Hebei has the most vigorous development. At the end of the Han Dynasty, Hou Shi's descendant Houshu moved to Sanshui, now Shaanxi. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, many new people joined the surname Hou, forming a noble family in Henan. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, Hou Shi, like other surnames, moved south because of the war and spread all over the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In the Tang Dynasty, Hou Shi began to migrate to Fujian and Guangdong. After the Song Dynasty, Hou Shi has spread all over the country. Today, Hou ranks 82nd among the most popular surnames and 57th among the most popular surnames in Taiwan Province.
Third, historical celebrities.
Hou Zhi: Jiangsu Shangyuan, a famous female writer in Qing Dynasty, was the daughter of Hou. Many of her words have been handed down all over the world, among which Rebirth is the most famous.
Hou Bai: A famous humorist in Sui Dynasty.
Later Jin Dynasty: A native of Dunhuang in the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was born in a poor family when he was young. He worked as a servant for others, but he was very studious and lit firewood to study at night. The imperial court invited him to work many times, but he refused every time on the grounds of illness. After moving to the mountains, concentrate on reading. He once wrote The Theory of Correcting the World, satirizing the ugly phenomenon at that time. He also wrote On Emperor De to record the historical events of the dynasty. People in Hexi are respectful to him as "Hou Jun".
Hou Yao: a native of Shangqiu, Henan Province, assistant minister of the Ministry of War in the Ming Dynasty, Wanli Jinshi. Later, there was a coup in the court and he was imprisoned. After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, he was the only official left by the Ming Dynasty with more than three grades.
Hou Fangyu, a native of Shangqiu, Henan Province, was a famous writer in Qing Dynasty. He was once as famous as Fang Yizhi, Chen Zhencunhui and Mao Xiang, and was called the "Four Childes" in the late Ming Dynasty. After entering the Qing dynasty, he entered Henan to catch the exam and won the vice list. * * * Poetry, ancient prose, Ci Han Yu, Ouyang Xiu. Peach Blossom Fan is a famous drama adapted from the love story of Kong and Li in Qing Dynasty.
Hou: Fuzhou native, Northern Song Dynasty Water Supervisor. The Yellow River water has been treated many times.
Hou: Tan Songheng is a mountain man, a symbol of dreams. Injong celebrated his sixth year as a scholar. For Linwu Wei, change to Cheng Guilin. Honest and frugal, instead, ten years is like a day, just like being poor. Some classmates visited him that year, and he was also beautiful. His friends also showed them rice and vegetables. When he went away, his son was ashamed of poverty. Zhang Zhang, a good friend, taught him that "Kou Zhun is a general, and there is no tower at home", and he wrote a poem with the phrase "It is better to keep you than to be cheap", which was widely read.
Hou Wailu: a native of Pingyao, Shanxi (Jiexiu's works). Formerly known as Zhao Lin. Historian. Since 1922, he has studied at Beijing Hosei University and Beijing Normal University. 1927 went to study in France and entered the University of Paris. The following year, he joined the European branch of China * * * Production Party. 1930 returned to China and lost the party organization relationship (195 1 rejoined the party). Teaching. Died of illness in Beijing. 1927, he began to translate Das Kapital (later with Wesley Wang). He is the author of China Ancient Society and Laozi, China Classical Social History, China Ancient Thought Theory History, China Modern Thought Theory History, China Ancient Social History Theory, China Modern Philosophy History, etc. He co-authored the General History of China Thought with Du Fu and edited the Brief History of Chinese Philosophy.
Hou: Yan (1892, 1896- 1983), Beijinger, Hui nationality, Peking Opera actor. Learn from the famous scholar Li Lianzhong. 15 years old, graduated from the department, 19 years old took Huang Runfu as his teacher. He has performed with, Mei Lanfang, Ma and others. He is good at playing Dingjiashan, Yangpingguan, Naojiangzhou and Famen Temple. After the age of 40, he stood side by side with Hao He. After liberation, he taught in Beijing Opera School and Chinese Opera School.
Fourth, the county hall number
Wang Jun 1
Shanggu County: established in the Yan Dynasty in the Warring States Period, it was located in the southeast of Huailai in the Qin Dynasty. It is equivalent to Baoding, Yizhou and Xuanhua in Hebei today.
Dantu County: Dantu County, located in the Qin Dynasty, is now Dantu County, Jiangsu Province. This branch is a branch of Shanggu County, and its ancestor is the descendant of Zhu Ba, the great Stuart of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Henan County: In the second year of Han Dynasty, Qin Sanchuan County was changed to Luoyang. This branch of Hou Shi was formed by the Hou daughter of Xianbei nationality and the descendant of Gukou Yin Shi in the Northern Wei Dynasty.
2. Hall number
Kuaibi Hall and Jiuzhao Hall: These two Tang names are of the same origin. During the Warring States Period, Qin wanted to attack Zhao, and Zhao asked Xinlingjun for help. Xinlingjun didn't have a bugle and couldn't command the army, so he found Hou Ying with gold coins. Hou Ying is a 7 1 year-old hermit, and his position is the gatekeeper of Wei Guoliang. His family is poor, but he is determined not to trust Xin Lingjun's gold coins. He gave Xin Lingjun a plan to let Ruji steal the military emblem. Hou Ying also introduced his friend Zhu Hai, the butcher, to participate in the fight. Xin Lingjun got the military power of Jin State, defeated Qin State and saved Zhao State.
In addition, the main hall names of Hou Shi Ancestral Hall are "Qinshen Hall" and so on.
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Hou Shi Ancestral Hall General Couplet
Hou Shi ancestral hall four-character couplet
Neon Dragon Boat Festival;
Song he xian lang
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
This couplet tells the story of Hou Hongshi, the messenger of the Tang Dynasty. The second couplet refers to the Taoist ceremony in Tang Dynasty. Hou Daohua is from Ruicheng. I first worked as a supplier in Daojing Hospital. Good history, I can't put it down. Go to the market to get drunk one day. He knew the pine branches in front of his yard, and he said, "Don't hinder my ascent." After seven days, there were clouds and cranes singing on the pine tree. Hua Fei sat on the loose top and waved her thanks
Stealing symbols to save Zhao;
Play and seal the Hou.
-Li Wenzheng inscribed Hou Shi Zongtang Federation.
The first part is about Hou Ying, a hermit of Wei in the Warring States Period. At the age of 70, he was a gatekeeper and was welcomed by Xinlingjun ... Later, he besieged Zhao, and Wei sent generals to lead the army to save Zhao, but the army did not dare to move forward. He tried to steal the military emblem through Wang Wei's favorite concubine, such as Ji, and recommended Zhu Hai to kill, seize the military power, repel and save Zhao. The second couplet is Hou Yi, a native of Mi County, Henan Province in the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, named Jun Fang. He once followed the book "Hub Liang Chunqiu" written by Fang Feng, the satrap of Jiujiang. When the new official was headstrong, when he came to Huaiping (the satrap), he was overbearing in office, curbed the powerful and persuaded the people. When the new regime was mobilized, he was recruited as an official, and Huaiping people helped the old and took care of the young, even lying down when the road was clear. Liu Xiujian was appointed Prime Minister of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Because he was familiar with the old system, he chose the feasible laws and regulations of the previous generation to play one by one, and many of them were implemented. After the official arrived in Da Situ, the customs were closed.
Neon Dragon Boat Festival;
Song he xian lang
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
Shanglian said that Hou Hongshi, a native of the Tang Dynasty, dreamed of becoming a rainbow and drinking water in the river when he was a teenager. A monk looked at him face to face and said, "This is a neon dragon!" " After our time officially ended. The second couplet refers to Hou Daohua, a native of Ruicheng in the Tang Dynasty, who works as a handyman in the clean courtyard of Yongle Road in the middle of the river and likes reading books and history. People asked him what's the use of reading this book, and he replied, "There is no such thing as a foolish fairy!" " "People laughed. One day, he came back from the market drunk, cut all the pine branches in front of the hospital and said, "Don't hinder me from getting up!" " "According to legend, seven days later, a cloud crane appeared on the pine tree. He flew to the top of the pine tree and sat down, waving goodbye to everyone.
Neon Dragon Boat Festival;
Julu Jingsheng.
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
The first couplet refers to Tang's actual work. The second couplet refers to the genealogy of the last eight years of the Western Han Dynasty.
Shanggu family;
Qiao Zhi Jiasheng.
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
Quanlian Dian refers to Hou Wenhe of the Northern Wei Dynasty, who is so witty and wise that he is famous all over the world.
Bicentenary birthday;
Zufang.
—— Anonymous written by Qin Shentangmen Trade Union of Houxing Ancestral Hall in the west of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province.
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Five-character couplets of Hou Shi Ancestral Hall
Welcome celebrities from afar;
Long-term meritorious service.
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
This association is the Hou Shi Ancestral Hall Association.
Flowers are three Yang Sheng;
The fragrance is as deep as five ivory.
-Tang Houlie wrote Hou Shi Zongtang Federation.
This couplet is a poem couplet of Flowers in the Forest written by Hou Lie, a poet in Tang Dynasty. Hou Lie, Gao also worked as Hou Lie, and Yuan was a scholar for six years.
Qiongge is gorgeous;
Jade web in under the greenwood tree.
-Tang Houlie wrote Hou Shi Zongtang Federation.
Ditto.
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[Hou Shi Ancestral Hall Six-character Wanlian]
Yu Fang Ya Hao's son;
Hou Jing proclaimed himself emperor.
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
The first couplet refers to Hou Fangyu, a gifted scholar in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, who studied Chaozong, and was called "four sons" with Fang Yizhi, Mao Xiang and Chen Zhenhui. The second couplet refers to Hou Jing, the general of the Southern Liang Dynasty, who was an unruly man. Dai Liang stood on his own feet and was called the emperor in the Han Dynasty. He was killed soon.
The male is bright, and the partial is dark;
Knowing the joy of water, people are in Leshan.
-Guo Moruo wrote "Hou Shi Ancestral Hall Federation"
This copy is Guo Moruo 1948 for historian Hou Wailu.
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Seven-character couplet of Hou Shi Ancestral Hall
The protagonist is the beautiful Lingyange;
Bachelor's degree Liu Fang includes an elephant house.
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
Couplets refer to Hou Lu, a senior official in the Tang Dynasty, who was born in Sanshui. The conquest from Taizong was meritorious, like the pillar of Lingyange. The second couplet refers to the chronicle of Hou Xingguo, a bachelor of Tang Dynasty.
Hang with Ji;
Zhou and ze chang in qing dynasty.
-Hou Shi Family Temple Alliance, which is unknown in Shizihe Village, Xiyan Town, Yicheng County, Shanxi Province.
This couplet refers to Hou Shi's original surname, Ji, who is a descendant. Later, "Quwo Wu Gong cut it out, and the descendants changed their names to Hou. When I went to other countries, I hid in Caogong Mountain. " This couplet of Hou Shi's temple in Shizihe Village outlines the historical origin of Hou Shi.
I sincerely hope to have three friends;
There are hundreds of books in this city.
-Yinqiao inscribed the General Union for Hou Shi Ancestral Hall.
This couplet was written by Hou Yinqiao, the master of Prince Chengxian in Qing Dynasty.
According to the moon, Qinqi sits in Tong Yuan;
The name of the ship is painting and calligraphy.
-Shan Fu wrote an inscription for Hou Temple.
This couplet was inscribed by Hou Chan, the master of Prince Cheng Xian in Qing Dynasty. See China Couplet Dictionary.
Diligent entrepreneurs are excited;
Be careful, travel around the world alone.
-Anonymous small door couplets written by Qin Shentang, the ancestral temple of Houxing in the west of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province
This couplet is inlaid with the name "diligence" with a crane top lattice.
The sacred house in Red Star Square;
Qin shentang's poems and rites.
-Anonymous small door couplets written by Qin Shentang, the ancestral temple of Houxing in the west of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province
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Couplets with more than seven words in Hou Shi Ancestral Hall
Thrift is the best policy to manage the family;
Caution is a good rule to train children.
-An anonymous couplet written by Qin Shentang [bamboo carving of the column] of Houxing Ancestral Temple in the west of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province.
This couplet is inlaid with the name "diligence" with a crane top lattice.
The inheritance that our ancestors worked so hard to create;
All generations of descendants have been struggling to revitalize the country.
—— Written by Qin Shentang, the ancestral hall of Hou surname in the west of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province.
Tung leaves poems, in harmony with celebrities;
Peach blossoms are unlucky, and blood splashes.
-Anonymous wrote Hou Ancestral Hall General Union
Couplets refer to Hou Jitu, a Shu and Han people from the Three Kingdoms. When he visited Daci Temple, he found a tung leaf with a poem on it and hid it. Later, when I married Ren's daughter, I realized that the first "Tung Leaf" was written by her. The second part, Hou Fangyu, a late Qing writer, was born in Shangqiu, Henan. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, he lived in Beijing with his father (Shangshu of the Ministry of Household Affairs), and was called "four sons" with Fang Yizhi of Tongcheng, Mao Xiang of Rugao and Yixing. After the Qing dynasty, he should have passed the provincial examination in Henan and won the second place in the top prize. He can be good at poetry and prose, imitating Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu, and he is brilliant. He is the author of "Zhuang Regret Hall Collection" and "Siyitang Collection". He once fell in love with Li, a famous prostitute in Qinhuai. Taishou Tian relied on Li to take him in, but he was resolutely refused, and his blood splashed. At this time, Yang was suggested by the right person and drew a peach blossom with blood. Kong Renshang, a playwright in Qing Dynasty, wrote the legendary drama Peach Blossom Fan based on this story.
Wuzhou Hou Shisheng was born in Sun Province to celebrate his birthday;
Guests and friends from all directions gathered together to wish prosperity.
—— Xiang 'an couplets written anonymously in Qinshen Hall of Houxing Ancestral Temple in the west of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province.
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Appendix: Interesting Stories of Hou Allusions
[Meet Zunxian]
Hou Bai often chats with Shang Su, teasing and having fun. He often chats from morning till night before going home.
One night, Hou Baigang walked out of the gate of Shangshu Province and happened to meet Yang Xuangan, the son of Su Yang. Xuangan grabbed Hou Bai's hand and begged, "Hou Xiucai, please come with me and tell me something interesting in the mansion." Hou Bai was helpless and couldn't get out, so he made up a story for Yang Xuangan:
"A tiger went to Shan Ye for food and suddenly found a hedgehog lying on his back. It thought it was a meatball, so it stuck out its mouth and took a bite. Suddenly, it was caught by a hedgehog and turned around and ran. Run, run, come to the mountains. Running and jumping all the way, I am tired and sleepy, and I don't feel sleepy. The hedgehog let go of his nose when he saw the tiger asleep. The tiger suddenly felt relaxed and jumped for joy. Walking under a big oak tree, I looked down and saw the oak barrel. I leaned down in fear and said to the oak barrel,' I hope you avoid the road when you meet Xian Zun in the morning.' "
-The old title "Qi Yan Lu" by Sui Houbai
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Bird's nest and calf
Hou Bai later became an official in the Tang Dynasty and often went to solve riddles on the lanterns with others. Hou Baixian made three chapters for everyone: "What you guess must be a visible object; Second, you can't make empty explanations to confuse everyone; Third, if the explanation is finished, but you can't see this thing, you should be punished. " Then he first made a riddle: "The back is as big as a house, the abdomen is as big as a pillow (the crossbar behind the car), and the mouth is as big as a cup." Everyone guessed for a long time, but no one guessed right. They all said, "Where is an object with a mouth as big as a cup and a back as big as a room?" There is no such thing. You must make a bet with all of us. Hou Bai finished gambling with everyone and explained, "This is a swallow's nest." They burst into laughter.
On another occasion, Hou Bai attended a large banquet. During the dinner, everyone asked him to make a riddle for entertainment. What you guess can neither be strange nor difficult to understand, nor can it be abstract and untrue. Hou Bai replied, "There is something as big as a dog and looks like an ox. What is this? " Everyone has been speculating, some say it's roe deer, others say it's deer, but they are all denied. Let Hou Bai tell the answer. Hou Bai laughed and said, "This is a calf."
-The old title "Qi Yan Lu" by Sui Houbai