Why can the proceeds from the sale of assets (such as subsidiaries) by listed companies be recorded as profits of the current year? Isn't the overall assets unchanged? only

The "income" here refers to the income other than the "income" minus the "original value of assets", not the "original value". In particular, the sale of subsidiaries will more or less appreciate or depreciate, rather than the original value. Income comes from the difference between the actual selling price and book value of assets. On the book, the value of assets is generally historical cost, that is, the price when assets are purchased or formed. If it is a subsidiary, it is a long-term equity investment, which is generally calculated according to how much money was invested in that year. After years of operation, subsidiaries or other assets may appreciate, but they will not be reflected in the books. Therefore, at the time of sale, the actual price will be higher than the book value, and naturally there will be gains.

There are two profit models of enterprises: one is independent profit, which forms scale effect by developing products and reduces costs to realize profit. One is the extension of profit, which realizes profit through asset restructuring and mergers and acquisitions. A listed company refers to a joint stock limited company whose shares are listed and traded on the stock exchange with the approval of the securities administration department authorized by the State Council or the State Council. The so-called unlisted company refers to a joint stock limited company whose shares are not listed and traded on the stock exchange. A listed company is a joint stock limited company, which must meet certain conditions besides being approved to be listed and traded on the stock exchange. After the revision of the Company Law and the Securities Law, more enterprises will become listed companies and companies whose corporate bonds are listed and traded.

The net profit of a listed company is equal to the total profit of the listed company minus the income tax expenses. Income tax expenses are mainly divided into current income tax and deferred income tax, with total profit = operating profit+non-operating profit-non-operating expenditure. The net profit of listed companies refers to the final result of listed companies' operation, and the net profit of listed companies is an important index to evaluate listed companies. Net profit is an important tool to evaluate the profitability, operating indicators and solvency of listed companies.

1, capital expenditure: capital expenditure is the cash outflow when the enterprise spends funds, but in the later period, capital expenditure will be written off in the form of depreciation; When capital expenditure exceeds depreciation, cash flow is lower than net profit;

2. Inventory turnover rate: cash flow will be lower than net profit when inventory increases, and cash flow will be higher than net profit when inventory decreases;

3. Accounts receivable: when accounts receivable increase, cash flow is lower than net profit, and when accounts payable increase, cash flow is higher than net profit.