Classification is generally divided into linear system, functional system, division system, committee system and matrix system.
Organizational structure:
1. Functional structure: refers to various business tasks, proportions and relationships needed to achieve organizational goals.
2. Hierarchy: refers to the composition of management hierarchy and the number of people managed by managers.
3. Department structure: refers to the composition of various management departments. Its consideration dimension is mainly whether some key departments are missing or optimized.
4. Power structure: refers to the division of powers and responsibilities at all levels and departments and their relations. Mainly consider whether the power and responsibility relationship between departments and posts is equivalent.
Classification:
1, linear system is the earliest and simplest organizational form. Its characteristic is that the administrative units at all levels of the enterprise implement vertical leadership from top to bottom, and the subordinate departments only accept instructions from a superior, and the responsible persons at all levels are responsible for all problems of the subordinate units.
2. Functional system: the organizational structure of functional system means that administrative units at all levels set up some functional institutions besides the person in charge. Such as the establishment of functional institutions and personnel under the factory director to assist the factory director in functional management.
3. Division system: Division system was first put forward by Si Long, president of American General Motors Company, in 1924, so it is called Sloan model, also known as "federal decentralization system", which is a decentralized management system under high (hierarchical) centralization.
4. Matrix system: In terms of organizational structure, the structure with both vertical leadership system by function and horizontal leadership relationship by product (project) is called matrix organizational structure.
5. Committee: Committee is a special type of organizational structure. It is an organizational form that performs certain management functions and is characterized by collective activities. In practice, the Committee is often combined with the above organizational structure, which can play the role of decision-making, consultation, cooperation and coordination.
Extended data
Principles for designing organizational structure:
1, elevation principle: when redesigning the organizational structure for an enterprise, we must follow the elevation principle, that is, the overall design should closely follow the development strategy of the enterprise, fully consider the industry, scale, technology and human resource allocation that the enterprise will engage in in in the future, and provide a relatively stable and practical platform for the enterprise in several years.
2. Optimization principle: any organization exists in a certain environment, and the external environment of the organization will inevitably have a certain degree of influence on the internal structure. Therefore, the redesign of enterprise organizational structure should fully consider the internal and external environment, so that enterprise organizational structure can adapt to the external environment.
3. Balance principle: The redesign of enterprise organizational structure should strive for balance, and departments and functions should not be merged just because there is no demand at this stage. Enterprises should be redesigned after running for a period of time. In short, functions cannot be absent, and positions can be merged.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Organizational Structure