Financial policy reform in recent years.

In recent years, the State Council, Ministry of Finance, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China and other departments have successively issued a series of fiscal policies, focusing on supporting enterprise reform, enhancing enterprise vitality and enhancing enterprise technological innovation capability. These policies mainly include promoting the technological progress of enterprises, accelerating the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements and encouraging the development of high-tech enterprises. The implementation of these policies has played a positive role in further accelerating the pace of enterprise reform, guiding enterprise management, improving enterprise economic benefits and promoting the healthy and orderly development of enterprises, and achieved remarkable results. 1. Enhance the technological innovation capability of enterprises, Promoting the technological progress of enterprises (1) Encourage enterprises to increase investment in technological development expenses 1, Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Financial Issues Related to Promoting Technological Progress of Enterprises in State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China (Caishuizi [1996] No.41) and Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Expanding the Application Scope of the Policy of Adding and Deducting Technological Development Expenses of Enterprises No.244) stipulate: Kloc-0/) All expenses incurred by industrial enterprises of various ownership (including mining, manufacturing, production and supply of electric power, fuel and water, the same below) for research and development of new products, new technologies and new processes, including new product design fees, process planning fees, equipment adjustment fees, test fees for raw materials and semi-finished products, salaries of personnel in research institutions, depreciation of research equipment, (2) Enterprises for research and development of new products and new technologies. Enterprises with a growth rate of 10% in that year can deduct taxable income by 50% of the actual amount. (3) The key trial-production equipment and testing instruments purchased by enterprises for developing new technologies and new products, with a single unit value of less than 654.38+10,000 yuan, can be amortized into the management expenses at one time or in several times, and those that meet the standards of fixed assets should be managed separately without depreciation. 2. The Ministry of Finance's Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC) on Implementing the Decision of the Central Committee of the State Council on Strengthening Technological Innovation, Developing High-tech and Realizing Industrialization (Caishuizi [1 999] No.273) stipulates: (1) If social forces support unrelated scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning to research and develop new products, technologies and new processes, if the taxable income in that year is insufficient to be deducted, it shall not be carried forward for deduction. (2) The research and development expenses funded by foreign-invested enterprises and foreign enterprises in China are not owned or invested, and the scientific research achievements are not only provided to the scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning of the funded enterprises, which can be deducted in full at the time of tax calculation according to public welfare and relief donations. (II) Encourage enterprises to establish technology development institutions 1, and Notice of the State Economic and Trade Commission, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China and the General Administration of Customs of the People's Republic of China on Printing and Distributing Provisions (Guo Zi [1993] No.261): Instruments, meters, chemical reagents and technical materials imported by recognized enterprise technology centers for developing new technologies that cannot be produced and supplied in China shall be exempted. 2. According to the Reply of the State Council (Guo Han [1997] No.3) and the Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China of the Ministry of Finance on Enterprise (Group) Technology Center to Continue to Enjoy Preferential Import Tax Policies (Caishui [2006] No.5438+0), Enterprise Technology Center, National Engineering Research Center and State Key Laboratory. Enterprise technology centers enjoying preferential tax policies must be approved by the State Economic and Trade Commission, the Ministry of Finance, State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China and the General Administration of Customs. 3. According to the Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Opinions of the Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation and Other Departments on Further Encouraging Foreign Investment at Present (Guo Ban Fa [1 999] No.73), the established foreign-invested R&D center can import domestic self-use equipment and its supporting technologies, and according to the Notice of the State Council on Adjusting the Tax Policy for Imported Equipment (Guo Fa) (III), promote the renewal of machinery and equipment of enterprises1). The Notice of the Ministry of Finance of People's Republic of China (PRC), State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, on Fiscal and Tax Issues Related to Promoting Technological Progress of Enterprises (Cai Gong Zi [1 996] No.41) stipulates: (1) Enterprises can choose a shorter depreciation period within the depreciation period stipulated by the state according to the technological transformation plan and affordability. Electronic manufacturing enterprises, shipbuilding enterprises, machinery enterprises that produce "mother machines", aircraft manufacturing enterprises, automobile manufacturing enterprises, chemical manufacturing enterprises, pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises and enterprises approved by the Ministry of Finance can adopt the double declining balance method or the sum of years method for their machinery and equipment. Some special machinery and equipment of other enterprises, which meet the requirements of the industry financial system of the Ministry of Finance, can also implement the double declining balance method or the sum of years method. (2) The depreciation period of machinery and equipment rented by financing lease for technological transformation of enterprises can be determined according to the principle that the lease period is shorter than the depreciation period stipulated by the state, but the minimum depreciation period is not less than 3 years. (3) Enterprises conduct intermediate tests, and the depreciation period of intermediate test equipment can be accelerated by 30%-50% on the basis of national regulations. (4) Computer software purchased by an enterprise, which is purchased together with the computer, is included in the value of fixed assets; If it is purchased separately, it will be amortized as intangible assets according to the stipulated effective period or benefit period. If the period of validity or benefit is not specified, it will be amortized evenly within 5 years. 2. The Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the General Administration of Customs of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China on Tax Policy Issues Concerning Encouraging the Development of Software Industry and Integrated Circuit Industry (Caishui [2000] No.25) stipulates: (1) If an enterprise purchases software, the purchase cost meets the standard of fixed assets or constitutes intangible assets, it can be accounted for according to fixed assets or intangible assets. Foreign-invested enterprises with an investment of more than US$ 30 million must be reported to State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC) for approval; With the approval of the competent tax authorities, the depreciation period or amortization period of foreign-invested enterprises with an investment of less than 30 million US dollars may be appropriately shortened to a minimum of 2 years; (2) The production equipment of integrated circuit production enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises with an investment of more than 30 million US dollars shall be reported to State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC) for approval; With the approval of the competent tax authorities, the depreciation period of foreign-invested enterprises with an investment of less than 30 million US dollars may be appropriately shortened to a minimum of 3 years. 3. Notice on Printing and Distributing in State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC) (Guo Shui Fa [2000] No.84), if it is really necessary to shorten the depreciation period or adopt the accelerated depreciation method for key equipment that promotes scientific and technological progress, protects the environment and encourages investment by the state, the taxpayer shall apply and report it to State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China for approval step by step after being audited by the local competent tax authorities. (4) Encourage the formation of independent intellectual property rights 1. The Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China of the Ministry of Finance on Relevant Issues Concerning Foreign-invested Enterprises and Foreign Enterprises' Purchase of Domestic Equipment Investment Credit (Caishuizi [2000] No.49) stipulates that all foreign-invested enterprises established in China shall purchase domestic equipment within the total investment. For the encouraged investment projects in the Catalogue of Foreign-invested Industries stipulated in the Notice of the State Council on Adjusting Tax Policies for Imported Equipment (Guo Fa [1997] No.37), unless otherwise stipulated, 40% of the investment in domestic equipment can be credited from the enterprise income tax added in the year of equipment purchase compared with the previous year. 2. The Notice of the Ministry of Finance State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China on Printing and Distributing the Interim Measures for Credit of Enterprise Income Tax for Investment in Domestic Equipment for Technological Transformation (Caishuizi [1999] No.290) stipulates that 40% of the investment in domestic equipment required for the project can be credited from the enterprise income tax increased in the year when the equipment for technological transformation project was purchased compared with the previous year. 3. The Notice of State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China of the Ministry of Finance on the Import Tax Policy for Some Domestic Integrated Circuit Products Designed for Foreign Streaming Processing (Caishui [2002] 140No.) stipulates that from July 1 2000, the domestically designed integrated circuit products with independent intellectual property rights will be imported after the foreign streaming processing because they cannot be produced at home. Second, accelerating the industrialization and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements is the key link to implement the policy of "economic construction must rely on science and technology, and science and technology must face economic construction" and promote science and technology to enter the economic field and transform potential production capacity into real production capacity. In terms of encouraging the transfer of scientific and technological achievements, the state has promulgated the following tax policies: 1, Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Some Preferential Policies for Enterprise Income Tax in State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC) (Cai Shui Zi [94]00 1) and Notice of the Ministry of Finance on Education Tax Policy in State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China, People's Republic of China (PRC) (Cai Shui [2004] No.39), which stipulates: (/kloc-) That is, agricultural extension stations, plant protection stations, water pipe stations, forestry stations, animal husbandry and veterinary stations, aquatic products stations, seed stations, agricultural machinery stations, meteorological stations, farmers' professional technical associations and professional cooperatives in towns and villages, and the income obtained from the technical services or services provided by them, as well as the income obtained by other various urban institutions to carry out the above-mentioned technical services or services, are temporarily exempted from income tax. (2) Income from technical services such as transfer of technical achievements, technical training, technical consultation, technical services and technical contracting obtained by scientific research institutions, institutions of higher learning and various vocational schools serving various industries shall be temporarily exempted from enterprise income tax. (3) The income obtained by the school from technology development, technology transfer and related technical consulting and technical services shall be exempted from business tax. 2. The Income Tax Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) on Enterprises with Foreign Investment and Foreign Enterprises stipulates that the royalties obtained by foreign enterprises from providing proprietary technology for scientific research and development of important technologies may be subject to enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 10% with the approval of the State Council tax authorities. Among them, advanced technology or favorable conditions can be exempted from income tax. 3. People's Republic of China (PRC) State Taxation Administration of The People's Republic of China's "Reply on Taxation of Royalty Charged by Foreign Investors for Providing the Right to Use Computer Software" (Guo [1994] No.304) stipulates that foreign investors do not transfer computer software to users in China by means of the right to use it, and the software is damaged.