Because each company is an independent legal person, the single statement only refers to the legal person's own statement, while the consolidated statement covers the statements of its single company and the invested enterprise. Generally disclosed indicators, such as earnings per share, net assets, return on net assets, price-earnings ratio, etc., are all calculated around their consolidated statements, which refer to the benefits obtained by shareholders themselves and their subsidiaries through legal entities. However, from the perspective of company law, dividends can only be distributed to the profits of its independent legal person, which will lead to many phenomena that earnings per share are not distributed much (unless subsidiaries distribute all profits to the parent company), and the parent company is also a relative concept. A listed company is its own parent company (with subsidiaries), but it may also have its own parent company.
Q2: How do high-scoring/listed companies handle subsidiaries with less than 20% control rights in consolidated statements?
There is no difference between a consolidated report and an individual report, because it has no control and will not be included in the consolidated report unless there are special circumstances. Because the shareholding ratio is below 20%, it does not have a significant impact, so the long-term equity investment account is accounted for by the cost method. Net profit and net assets do not reflect.
Dividends are recorded as investment income.
Q3: Are the financial statements of listed companies parent company statements or consolidated statements?
You should go to the official website Stock Exchange to check the full version of the report, which has both.
Q4: How to include the holding subsidiaries (more than 50%) in the consolidated statement?