Recently, Maersk Group, the world's largest container shipping company, announced a large-scale restructuring. Maersk will further enhance the customer experience and provide better end-to-end service through strategic integration.
Specifically, Safmarine, a subsidiary of Maersk, will be merged into Maersk brand to enhance customers' access to global integrated products. Air and LCL in Damco brand will be integrated with Maersk logistics and service products, which will become a powerful supplement to Maersk end-to-end products. In other words, two brands of Safmarine Shipping, Safmarine and Damco, will completely withdraw from the market.
In fact, during the 40 years of rapid development of the shipping market, we didn't see many "new faces", but "old friends" bid farewell to many. Many shipping companies and brands have withdrawn from the market due to bankruptcy, acquisition, merger and other reasons, and their unique containers and large ships can only become unforgettable memories in the hearts of "old docks".
How many shipping companies have "disappeared" in 40 years? What "grudges" stories do you know in shipping rivers and lakes?
Silan
The original SeaLand was founded by Malcolm McLean, an American trucking entrepreneur. He is the famous "father of containers". He invented containers of uniform size and realized the revolution of shipping industry.
1On April 26th, 956, McLean Company launched the world's first container ship Ideal-X, which sailed from Newark, New Jersey to Houston, Texas, with 58 containers on the deck.
199965438+February, Maersk Shipping acquired land and sea; ; In 2000, Maersk Shipping Company changed its name to Maersk Global Shipping.
On October 20 15 1 month, SeaLand began to operate as an independent operator of Maersk Group in the United States.
CGM
CGM, why does this abbreviation look familiar? Yes, it is half of CMA CGM, the second largest shipping company in the world.
1855, the French shipping company Compagnie Générale Maritime(CGM) was established and later renamed Compagnie Gé né rale Transatlantic. CGM was established with the support of the French government to deliver mail contracts to French colonies, overseas territories and foreign countries. After the two world wars, CGM and CMA, another French shipping company, became competitive state-owned companies, that is, private profit-making companies owned by the state but operated in a competitive manner. The French government gradually merged CMA+CGM from 1974 to 1977, becoming the current CMA Group.
Lloyd's insurance company of the Netherlands
P&O Nedlloyd Container Shipping Co., Ltd. is a rare "hybrid" in the shipping industry. It is jointly operated by British enterprises and Dutch enterprises, and has two headquarters in London and Rotterdam. Founded in 1997, the company was formed by the merger of Nedlloyd Line of the Netherlands and P&O P&O Group (P&O Container), a British shipping giant.
Royal P&O Nedlloyd was acquired by Maersk in 2005 and merged with their existing container transportation business Maersk-Sealand to form Maersk Shipping Company.
Occupational checklist
Don't get me wrong, OCL and OOCL are very different. OCL was established by four British companies on 1965, which played a leading role in the development of standardized electronic manifest format. By 1982, OCL has become the largest container transport operator in Europe, with 20 container ships and a capacity of over 60,000 TEU.
1986, British shipping giant P&O bought most of OCL's shares. 1 987 65438+1October1,the name of OCL no longer exists, and its business is called P&O Container Co., Ltd. (P&OCL). From 65438 to 0996, P&O Group and Royal Dutch Bank formed P&O Royal Dutch Bank. In August 2005, Maersk Group once again annexed P&O Nedlloyd. Since then, OCL and P&O Nedlloyd have become Maersk's "family businesses".
Ultrasonic grinding
American Line (USL) and Sealand are "blood brothers", and they have the same father-Malcolm McLean. During the oil crisis in the early 1980s, McClane ordered 14 slow cargo ships with fuel economy, each with a unit price of $750 million. However, he underestimated the excess capacity of the industry. 1985 After the oil price dropped to $0/4 per barrel, his fuel-efficient cargo ship lost its competitiveness because of its slow speed. Finally, the company was unable to bear the debt of $1200 million, and declared bankruptcy and reorganization on 19861/month, which was the biggest bankruptcy case in American history at that time.
USL's 52 cargo ships and 1 10,000 containers around the world were finally seized and auctioned by creditors. McClane's stock assets in USL were also emptied, and he never really recovered from this bankruptcy. He died in May of 200 1 at the age of 87.
Hanjin shipping
Hanjin Shipping is a shipping company under the Hanjin Group, a Korean enterprise. It used to be the seventh largest container liner company in the world and the largest world-class freight company in Korea. The fleet, mainly composed of more than 200 container ships, bulk carriers and liquefied natural gas carriers, operates more than 60 scheduled and irregular routes around the world, serving more than 90 ports in 35 countries, including 14 container terminals and 2 logistics transshipment centers, and transports hundreds of millions of goods to all parts of the world every year.
Affected by the sluggish international trade and poor shipping market, Hanjin Shipping had a debt of 6.6 trillion won by the end of 20 15, with a debt ratio of nearly 850% and a loss of 5 billion US dollars in 20 16. Due to the long-term poor financial situation, Hanjin Shipping has planned to start restructuring under the guidance of creditors in May 20 16. However, at the end of August, Korea Development Bank, Hanjin Shipping's largest creditor, rejected this plan and decided to end all financial assistance in early September. In the end, Hanjin Shipping went bankrupt, which led the creditors of ports and terminals to take legal actions such as arresting ships, and finally brought long-term and far-reaching adverse effects to the shipping market.
United arab shipping company United Arab Republic Shipping Company
United Arab Shipping Company (UASC) was established by the governments of six Arab Gulf countries (Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates) in July 1976. Qatar owns 51%of UASC, Saudi Arabia owns 35% of UASC, and other Arab countries hold the rest.
20 16, Beurotte announced the merger with UASC, and the integration of the two companies was completed on 20 17. At the time of merger, UASC was the tenth largest liner shipping company in the world, with 56 container ships and a market share of 2.7%. After the merger, Beurotte absorbed all the business and assets of UASC and became the fifth largest container liner company in the world at that time.
NYK, mole, k line
Japan's three major shipping companies have just disappeared from the global capacity ranking? No, no, no, they just changed their faces and evolved.
NYK Shipping Company, a famous Japanese mail shipping company, has been supported by Mitsubishi Consortium. 1875, the company opened the first liner route from Yokohama to Shanghai in Japan.
MOL, a famous merchant ship Mitsui Co., Ltd., whose "financial father" is another famous chaebol Mitsui Group in Japan.
The famous Kawasaki Steamboat Co., Ltd. K Line was once the world's 14 largest container transportation company, and Kawasaki Heavy Industries, which is famous for shipbuilding, is also a company.
Considering the impact of declining profits and overcapacity in the container transportation industry, the three major Japanese shipping companies decided to "warm up" in 20 16 and merge their container transportation departments. At that time, One (Ocean Network Express), the sixth largest container transportation company in the world, was born. NYK controls 38% of the shares of ONE, and MOL and K-line own 365,438+0% of the shares respectively.