1, Iliad
The Iliad tells the story of achaean's allied forces besieging the city of Troy in Asia Minor. Troy was named Iliad because it was also called Ilion. This epic focuses on the quarrel between Agamemnon, commander-in-chief of the Allied Forces, and Achilles, a brave general, and describes the events in the last days of the war.
Ten years after the allied siege of Troy, it failed to conquer, and the contradictions in the army gradually intensified. Achilles bears a grudge against commander-in-chief Agamemnon and refuses to fight for the Allies again. Later, his good friend and lover (cousin and his lover, according to some original historical records) died in battle, and they fought again to avenge him.
Prince Hecktor of Troy fought Achilles and died heroically. Priam, king of Troy, begged for Hecktor's body and held a funeral, so the story of the Iliad ended.
2. The Odyssey
Odyssey tells the story of Odysseus, the king of Ithaca, who wandered home for ten years after he captured Troy. The focus is on last year and dozens of days of this decade. Odysseus, who offended Poseidon and was teased by the gods, drifted at sea for ten years and suffered everywhere. Finally, I was pitied by the gods and returned to China.
When Odysseus lived in a foreign land, Ithaca and powerful people in neighboring countries bullied his wife, weak children and young children. Penelope proposed to his wife and forced her to remarry. Penelope tried every means to delay. Finally, Odysseus went home dressed as a beggar, killed all suitors with his son, and restored his power in Ithaca.
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On the one hand, Homer's epic is formed on the basis of folk oral literature, and its original material is myths, legends and heroic stories accumulated in many centuries, which preserves the true and natural characteristics of ancient culture. At the same time, it shows that in the early ancient eastern Mediterranean, the ancient cultural center, its literature once reached a high degree of prosperity.
After the epic began to be handed down in words, it was polished for many centuries before it became the final version. This special advantage is inseparable from the ancient Aegean civilization and the prosperity of slavery culture in Athens and Alexandria for hundreds of years. It is not only an ancient epic, but also a literary work with high artistic level.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Homer Epic