Spacecraft "file"
Height: about 9 meters; Weight: about 8 tons; Waist circumference: the maximum diameter is 2.8 meters; Composition: propulsion module, return module, orbital module and additional parts.
Flying speed: about 7.9 kilometers per second, flying 28,000 kilometers per hour, circling the earth once every 90 minutes.
Flight time: in orbit 15 days, including combined flight with Tiangong-1 12 days.
Initial launch orbit: elliptical orbit rendezvous and docking with perigee of about 200 kilometers and apogee of about 330 kilometers;
Orbit: a nearly circular orbit about 343 kilometers from the ground.
Importance of spacecraft
The spacecraft undertook the first application mission of China's manned spaceflight project, and successfully completed a series of space activities, such as entering Tiangong-1, automatic and manual rendezvous and docking between the spacecraft and Tiangong-1, the first space lecture in China, the first spacecraft rendezvous and test, space medical experiment and technical experiment. The successful completion of this mission is of great significance to the development of outer space technology in China. First, highlight the significant technological progress of China's manned space flight. Its docking mechanism and laser radar have reached the international advanced level, and the space docking is clean and neat, which solves the key problems of space walking. At the same time, it also verifies that the core system is complete and reliable, and the core systems such as launch vehicle, spacecraft, launch site, recycling yard and measurement and control of manned space flight are complete and reliable. Second, it embodies the importance of independent innovation of key technologies. Many breakthroughs have been made in the space field. Although China's manned space flight started later than other space powers, it took its own road and firmly grasped the key technologies in its own hands, making China another space power after the United States and Russia. Third, it has a positive impact on the optimization of China's industrial structure. Space technology, especially manned space technology, has high requirements and thresholds, involving downstream precision instruments, electronics, new materials, new fuels, automatic control and other industrial fields.
There are many "Ten Gods" and "Brothers and Sisters"
Shenzhou-1 spacecraft:1999165438+10 was launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in October, which was the first flight of China's manned spaceflight project.
Shenzhou II Spacecraft: Launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June 2006, 5438+0 marked new progress in China's manned spaceflight project.
Shenzhou III Spaceship: Launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in March 2002, it completed all scheduled scientific experiments and exploration tasks, laying a solid foundation for Chinese astronauts to enter space.
Shenzhou IV Spacecraft: Launched from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June 5438+February 2002. Its configuration, function and technical state are completely consistent with manned spacecraft. During the on-orbit flight, all kinds of instruments and equipment on board worked stably and normally, and a lot of valuable flight test data and scientific information were obtained.
Shenzhou 5 Spacecraft: June+/KOLOC-0/October 65438+May 2003, astronaut Yang Liwei was launched on the Long March II F carrier rocket and flew in orbit/KOLOC-0/4 times, lasting 2/KOLOC-0/hour and 23 minutes. After successfully completing all scheduled tasks, he returned to the main landing site safely. It marks that China has become the third country in the world to master manned space technology independently, and has realized the dream of the Chinese nation to fly in the Millennium.
Shenzhou VI spacecraft: June 65438+10/October 65438+February 2005, astronaut Fei and Nie Haisheng were launched by the Long March II F carrier rocket, realizing multi-person and multi-day flight and safely returning to the main landing site.
Shenzhou VII Spaceship: On September 25th, 2008, astronauts Zhai Zhigang, Liu Boming and Jing Haipeng were launched by the Long March II F carrier rocket on Shenzhou VII, and Zhai Zhigang successfully carried out the first extravehicular activity in China. It marks that China has become the third country in the world to independently master the key technologies of space extravehicular activities.
Shenzhou-8 spacecraft: 20 1 1 September 29th,1year1October 29th, Tiangong-1 and Shenzhou-8 were successfully launched at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. "Tiangong-1" and "Shenzhou-8" carried out two space rendezvous and docking experiments, which marked a major breakthrough in China's space rendezvous and docking technology.
Shenzhou-9 Spaceship: 20 12 On June 6, astronauts Jing Haipeng, Liu Wang and Liu Yang (female) boarded Shenzhou-9 and were launched by the Long March II F carrier rocket. The success of the rendezvous and docking mission between Tiangong-1 and Shenzhou-9 marks the decisive and important progress in the second strategic goal of China's manned spaceflight project. This mission also made Liu Yang the first female astronaut in China to go into space.
Shenzhou XI Spaceship: On 20161October 17, astronauts Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong were launched by the Long March II F carrier rocket carrying Shenzhou XI. 1June 19, the spacecraft successfully rendezvous and docked with Tiangong-2 Space Laboratory, and the medium-term on-orbit stay of China astronauts was realized for the first time.
(Xu Yunyuan finishing)