/kloc-In the mid-9th century, Japanese ukiyo-e prints appeared as porcelain packaging in the European continent. Complete sets of prints by Japanese painters such as Udomaro, with their fresh plane modeling and fine decorative colors, make Manet (1832- 1883), Monet (1840- 1926), Fan? Artists such as Van Gogh (1853- 1890) and Gauguin (1848- 1903) were deeply impressed by this. Make them realize that in order to seek artistic innovation, they must absorb nutrients from outside their own cultural circle, including oriental art. Among these outstanding painters, Gauguin, the father of modern woodcut, and Monk, the pioneer of expressionism (1863-1944) are two pioneers who have deeply influenced modern printmaking. The former lived in Tahiti, Oceania in 1892- 1893, and is perhaps the most creative woodcut in19th century, such as Nave Nave Fenua, Noa Noa, and antitepage (Figure 67-70). The latter initiated printmaking in 1894, and his unique printmaking deeply entrusted the author's melancholy feelings. His Scream (1895) and Meditation by the Sea (1896) convey such a feeling: "Where were those lost times before me? Behind me, where are the future generations? I think of heaven and earth, there is no limit, there is no end, I am alone, and my tears fall down. His kiss (1897) is said to be the first example of using the beauty of natural wood grain (Figure 7 1-75).
They all give woodcut prints more freedom and unique personality with warm personal feelings and unorthodox methods. Although their woodcuts were rejected and ridiculed by conservatives at that time, the situation was changing at any time. The woodcuts with delicate specifications and cold ice made by professional woodcuts were gradually abandoned and replaced by artists themselves, with rough knives, large black and white films, eye-catching colors and humanization. In this era of change, there is no doubt that the printmaking industry at that time was strongly stimulated. 1893, French painter Marty published the earliest print magazine-creating prints. 1895, in London, printmakers who attach great importance to innovation held the first modern printmaking exhibition, and in the same year, similar printmaking exhibitions were held in continental Europe. At this point, the creation of printmaking has opened a modern curtain.
Under the influence of Gauguin and Monk, artists, on the basis of reflecting on the Renaissance tradition of the past four centuries, decided that they must get rid of the shackles of realism in observing the world with the naked eye and move forward towards mirrors, deformations and symbols full of expressing their hearts. Kirchner (1808- 1938), Rottluff (1884- 1976) and haeckel (Heckel, 6576) are1. 19 1 1 year, Kandinsky (1866-1944) and Mark (1880- 1965438), living in Germany. Driven by these young innovators, as the "Bridge Society" declared, "all revolutionary and brewing factors have been attracted to our side". Other famous painters in this movement are Nold (1867- 1956), (1879- 1945) and Ma Beckman (1884). 1886-), Maisui Lele (Masereel, 1889- 1972), Leke Huizhi (Kollwitz, 1867- 1945), etc. In France, there are modi. There is M iro (Miro, 1893- 1983) in Spain, and the most famous printmakers in Russia at this time are Favoski, Crafcenco and Goncharov. The expressionist movement is one of the most outstanding achievements of modern art, which basically expresses the scene of the twentieth century, and the scope and significance of expressionism are rare.
Influenced by the trend of new art in western Europe, a group of young Japanese artists established the first modern printmaking group in Japan-Printmaking Association on 19 18. They joined forces to establish the status of modern printmaking and popularize modern printmaking. It was not until 1927 that prints were recognized as works of art and exhibited in art exhibitions organized by the Ministry of Education.
From 65438 to 0929, in his last eight years, Mr. Lu Xun tirelessly introduced modern western prints and revived them in ancient China. He has edited and published no less than ten volumes of modern western prints. They are: "Four People's Pictures" by German printmaker mayfield, modern woodcuts (1) and (2) (selected prints of English, American, French, German, Italian and Japanese), new Russian paintings, Biaz food paintings and Soviet paintings. In order to support young artists, Ke edited and published their woodcuts. Organize their printmaking exhibitions; He wrote his own preface and inscription ... The most memorable thing is that from August 193 1 to August 17 -22, he held a woodcut workshop in Shanghai, invited Kasi Nakayama to give a lecture on woodcut techniques, and personally served as the translator. Why is Mr. Lu Xun so kind as to transport the woodcut back to China? We can find his lofty ideological thread from the introduction of Selected Works of Modern Woodcut (1) published by 1929: "The gunpowder and compass invented by the ancients in China are now used for firecrackers and geomantic omen, and have spread to Europe, guns and navigation, which has caused great losses to our teachers. There is a small case that was almost forgotten because there was no harm. That's a woodcut.
Although it is not completely confirmed, many people say that European woodcuts were imported from China. At that time, it was the beginning of 14 century, that is, 1320. The pioneer is probably a card with a very thick woodcut picture: such a card can still be seen in the countryside. However, the props of these bloggers have entered the European continent and become the weapon of their civilization-the father of printing.
"I'm afraid that's how woodcuts spread: ...
..... If circumstances permit, let's transport it step by step. When woodcut returned to China, I don't think I will suffer for our teacher like the other two. "