1, a wholly state-owned enterprise
It means that all the assets of an enterprise are owned by the state, and the state authorizes the enterprise to operate and manage according to the principle of separation of ownership and management rights. A wholly state-owned enterprise shall obtain legal person status according to law, operate independently, be responsible for its own profits and losses, conduct independent accounting, and bear civil liability with the property authorized by the state to operate and manage.
2. Wholly state-owned companies
That is, an enterprise legal person invested by the state alone and established in the form of company organization. A wholly state-owned company in China refers to a limited liability company established by a state-authorized investment institution or a state-authorized department.
3. State-owned capital holding company
A state-owned holding company refers to a state-owned enterprise that controls the company by holding shares with decisive voting rights and is mainly engaged in capital operation and other production and operation.
Generally, it should include four kinds of state-owned holding companies, namely, state-owned holding companies, state-invested companies, large state-owned group holding companies and regional state-owned holding companies.
4. State-owned capital joint-stock companies
Corporate capital includes some state-owned capital, but state-owned capital has no controlling position. Subsidiaries established by state-funded enterprises do not belong to enterprises directly funded by the state, but the rights and interests of state-owned capital contributors of state-funded enterprises extend to subsidiaries through the investment of state-funded enterprises.
Definition of state-owned enterprises
State-owned enterprises refer to wholly state-owned enterprises, wholly state-owned companies and state-owned capital holding companies that the State Council and local people's governments perform the responsibilities of investors on behalf of the state respectively. They are the backbone of national economic development and the pillar of Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
Importance of state-owned enterprises
1. Large state-owned enterprises are the mainstay of China's national economy, and state-owned and state-controlled enterprises still dominate in almost all industrial fields.
2. Large state-owned enterprises are the main force to counter multinational corporations. Large state-owned enterprises, especially central enterprises, rely on their innate resources and endowments to accelerate the pace of transformation to strategic emerging industries.
3. Large state-owned enterprises are the important support of pillar industries in China.
Large state-owned enterprises are still the main force to earn foreign exchange through export.
abstract
As an organizational form of production and operation, state-owned enterprises have both commercial and public welfare characteristics. Their commerciality is reflected in the pursuit of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets, and public welfare is reflected in the fact that state-owned enterprises are usually set up to achieve the goal of national economic regulation and control and play a role in coordinating the development of all aspects of the national economy.