China's imperial garden, the Summer Palace, was built into Wanshou Mountain, and then a Buddhist pavilion was built on the mountain to overlook the scenery in front of Kunming Lake and Wanshou Mountain. Looking to the west, Yuquan Mountain Pagoda is close at hand, and the western hills are shaded by green hills. Looking up to the north, colorful incense rings, the sea of wisdom and Sendai are colorful. Buddha Pavilion is like a giant, bringing beautiful scenery around Wanshou Mountain and dozens of miles. In order to create a variety of landscape effects on a piece of land, we must first carry out reasonable terrain transformation, then make reasonable layout, dig lakes according to the low level, pile mountains according to the high level or level the land properly, so as to make the landscape rich and varied, and use the terrain to organize the space and control the line of sight, and through the cooperation with other garden elements, form a natural rich and beautiful spatial landscape to meet people's needs for viewing, rest and various activities.
Garden Governance says that "about 10 mu of land needs to be opened for three ... and the remaining seven-tenths of the land needs to be built for four ...". Although the land use ratio of water, land and mountains is not fixed, it shows that the landscape layout should be controlled vertically and topographically first. Only when mountains and rivers are interdependent and the land-water ratio is appropriate can a good ecological environment be created. Royal Garden 1
This is the garden for emperors to rest and entertain. The ancients said that there is no king in the world. In the view of the ruling class, the mountains and rivers of the country belong to the royal family. Therefore, it is characterized by large scale, many mountains and waters, magnificent architectural colors and tall buildings. The existing famous royal gardens are: Beijing Summer Palace, Beijing Beihai Park, Hebei chengde mountain resort.
2. Private gardens
It is a leisure garden for royal consorts, princes and nobles, wealthy businessmen and others. It is characterized by its small scale, so rockeries and fake water are often used, and the buildings are small and exquisite, showing its elegant and quaint colors. Existing private gardens, such as Gongwangfu in Beijing, Humble Administrator's Garden, Lingering Garden in Suzhou, Canglang Pavilion, Netlion Garden and Yuyuan Garden in Shanghai. 1, northern type
The northern gardens are wide in area and scope; Because most of them are located in the capital, the buildings are magnificent. Limited by natural meteorological conditions, there are few rivers, lakes, boulders and evergreen trees. Because the style is rough, the beauty and charm are insufficient. Representatives of northern gardens are mostly concentrated in Beijing, Xi, Luoyang and Kaifeng, especially in Beijing.
2. Jiangnan type
The population in the south is relatively dense, so the garden area is small; Because there are many rivers and lakes, garden stones and evergreen trees, the garden scenery is more delicate and exquisite. Because of the above conditions, it is characterized by brightness, elegance, simplicity and deep twists and turns, but it is slightly cramped because of its small area. The emergence of southern gardens; Table is mostly concentrated in Nanjing, Shanghai, Wuxi, Suzhou, Hangzhou, Yangzhou and other places, especially Suzhou.
3. Lingnan type
Because it is located in the subtropical zone, with evergreen seasons and many rivers, the gardening conditions are better than those in the north and south. Its obvious characteristics are tropical scenery and tall and spacious buildings. The existing Lingnan gardens include the famous Qinghui Garden in Shunde, Guangdong, Keyuan Garden in Dongguan and Yuyin Mountain Residence in Panyu.