Characteristics of automotive electronics industry and market in China;
1. The technology of automotive electronic products is mainly imported.
The rising rate of domestic automotive electronic front-loading equipment has always been one of the important factors to promote the growth of automotive electronic market. In the process of frequent upgrading of automobile products in China, adding advanced automobile electronic parts is the main means, which increases the demand for new automobile electronic products and technologies. China's automobile industry has been keeping up with the pace of international development, and implemented the "takenism" of products and technologies, which has well made up for the shortage of technology and production capacity, quickly realized the scale, shortened the research and development and testing time of automotive electronic products, and provided support for the continuous acceleration of product upgrading.
2. The popularization of body electronics and vehicle electronics has accelerated.
Car body electronic products, such as electric seats, electric sunroof and other products, can improve the comfort of cars at a lower cost, reflect the grade of cars, arouse consumers' interest in buying, and become the object of competition among automobile manufacturers. Vehicle electronic products cater to the consumption psychology of Chinese consumers in appearance and function, and conform to the consumption habits of Chinese consumers. With the increasing demand of consumers for in-vehicle entertainment and the rapid development of product types and technologies of in-vehicle entertainment systems, the automotive electronic products market, especially the aftermarket and modified market, is developing rapidly. For example, CD and multi-disc CD are the main products in the car audio market at present, while DVD system is developing rapidly. In 2009, the sales volume of DVD system in after-sales market and modified market almost doubled. At the same time, the popularity of car video system, reversing visual system and embedded car navigation system has also improved.
3. Local automotive electronics manufacturers welcome development opportunities.
Foreign-funded enterprises and joint ventures have always been the main force in the automotive electronics market in China, occupying most of the market share. However, under the pressure of cost and product upgrading, automobile manufacturers, especially local automobile manufacturers, increasingly adopt the products of local automotive electronics companies, which greatly increases the market share of local enterprises.
Domestic enterprises have made breakthroughs in consumer car audio and car entertainment systems, such as Shenzhen Hangsheng Electronics, Jiangsu Tianbao and other local enterprises have achieved great success in the field of car audio. Then it develops rapidly in airbag, automobile anti-theft system and automobile navigation system. For example, jinzhou area Jinheng, Shanghai Lejiu and other enterprises have achieved great success in the field of airbags, SEG Electronics and shenzhen huaqiang in the field of navigation equipment, Guangzhou Tiejun, Guangzhou Xiong Bing and other enterprises in the field of automobile anti-theft systems. Driven by local automobile manufacturers, local automobile electronics enterprises have also achieved market breakthroughs in the field of engine management (EMS), such as Beijing Ruiteke supplying Chery Automobile and other enterprises. The domestic automobile production remains high, the competition in the whole vehicle market intensifies, and the cost pressure becomes more and more obvious, which provides good development opportunities for local automobile electronics enterprises with lower prices.
4. Post-market promotes the development of pre-market.
At present, the aftermarket of automobile electronics in China is mainly concentrated in the field of automobile electronics. Car anti-theft, car stereo (including multimedia system) and car navigation products occupy an important market share in the aftermarket. With the continuous enrichment of product varieties, the afterloading modification market is becoming more and more mature in technology and service, and the restrictions on automobile modification in China are relaxed, the afterloading modification market of automotive electronics such as power and chassis also developed rapidly in 2009.
At the same time, the development of the aftermarket, in turn, is constantly promoting the improvement of the electronic equipment rate in the front market. For example, the rear seat vision system was first used in taxis, and the equipment rate of front loading is also improving.
Second, development opportunities-car networking, new energy vehicles
Internet of Vehicles, that is, through the cooperation of wireless communication technology, GPS technology and sensing technology, realizes the extraction and effective utilization of all vehicle attributes such as roads, people and environment and vehicle external attributes on the information platform, and provides comprehensive services including transportation, safety and entertainment on this basis, thus realizing the harmonious and unified Internet of Things of "people, vehicles, roads and environment". Generally speaking, car networking is an information system that takes cars as nodes and information sources, and accesses the obtained information into the platform network for analysis and management through technical means such as wireless communication. Its core is information collection and feedback control, so as to realize the interconnection between cars and roads, cars and cars, and cars and urban networks. It is accompanied by the increasing urban traffic congestion and the continuous progress of intelligent transportation solution technology, and it is also one of the important manifestations of the transformation of urban intelligent transportation management mode focusing on hot spots and targeting cars.
From "Internet" to "Internet of Things", the world is interconnected in different ways; With the development of Internet of Vehicles, cars can be interconnected like independent computers, which has become a new way for people to communicate with each other. Its realization and application will change people's future life and work style. "Internet of Vehicles" will alleviate urban traffic congestion, reduce automobile exhaust pollution and reduce vehicle safety hazards. Optimize the owner's route, shorten the journey time and make the journey more predictable. Car owners can maintain a seamless connection with social networks while driving their cars.
Automatic driving: the ultimate goal of car networking
Asv (advanced safety vehicle)-a car that is mainly used to detect the road around the vehicle and help the driver drive safely. Its functions include informing the driver that there is another car approaching behind the vehicle in the dead corner of the visual field, automatically avoiding when a dangerous situation is detected, or automatically braking when the preceding car suddenly brakes. In addition, the road information obtained through the road conditions and ITS can automatically slow down when entering a corner at a dangerous speed, and automatically turn the steering wheel when crossing the lane. However, ASV is not a so-called self-driving car. Real self-driving cars need the cooperation of intelligent roads, such as the development and construction of AHS.
AHS system
AHS (Advanced Cruise-Assist Highway Systems)-AHS aims to provide drivers with safe driving support such as early warning of driving danger and assisted driving through the cooperation between automobiles and roads, so as to reduce the burden on drivers, improve driving safety performance, reduce accidents and further improve transportation efficiency. It is generally believed that AHS is the most advanced system in ITS. The ultimate goal of the system is to realize automatic driving. This should also be one of the most important directions for the development of the Internet of Vehicles.
AHS renderings
Basic Elements of the Internet of Vehicles: Various Sensors
Internet of vehicles should be the development direction of intelligent transportation.
At present, the focus of intelligent transportation is to solve the congestion problem, and it is urgent to establish an information system with vehicles as nodes-vehicle networking. The networking of vehicles is to integrate the existing electronic information technology, regard each vehicle as an information source, and connect to the network through wireless communication means to realize the unified management of vehicles nationwide.
Industrial chain analysis of vehicle networking
The development of car networking in China has laid a foundation.
1. The development of automotive electronics and information transmission network has laid a technical foundation for vehicle networking.
On the technical level, the Internet of Vehicles needs to obtain all kinds of information through various sensors, such as radio frequency identification, infrared sensors, global positioning system, laser scanners and other information sensing equipment, which provides a basis for information exchange between vehicles, thus realizing intelligent identification, positioning, tracking, monitoring and management. In recent years, sensor networks based on RFID tag technology have developed rapidly in China, and automotive electronics, as an important foundation for the development of vehicle networking, are also developing rapidly. According to iSuppli's data, China's automotive electronics market is expected to surpass the United States in 20 12, driven by government stimulus measures, expansion of new markets and more advanced automotive functions.
Information transmission network is also one of the indispensable technical links of vehicle networking. At present, the three major operators in China have built basic communication networks covering the whole country. Especially the construction of 3G network provides a solid network foundation for the construction of vehicle networking.
2. The state attaches importance to the Internet of Things, which lays the institutional foundation for the Internet of Vehicles.
The state's attention to the Internet of Things and its related industries is an important institutional guarantee to promote the rapid development of China's car network.
The State Council announced the decision on accelerating the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries;
By 2020, energy conservation and environmental protection, new generation information technology, biology and high-end equipment manufacturing will become the pillar industries of the national economy, and new energy, new materials and new energy automobile industries will become the leading industries of the national economy.
It was reported at the China International Internet of Things (Sensor Network) Conference that the car mobile Internet of Things (IoT) project will be listed as the third largest project in China. At present, relevant contents have been reported to the State Council. The fund for the first phase is expected to reach10 billion, and the number of controllable vehicles is expected to reach 200 million in 2020.
Investment opportunities in the Internet of Vehicles
-The Internet of Vehicles is an important intersection of the Internet of Things and smart cars in strategic emerging industries, and it has received important support from the government. The government will develop the Internet of Vehicles through policy guidance, financial subsidies and early investment, with an early investment of nearly10 billion yuan.
-With further development, the Internet of Vehicles will face investment opportunities in the whole industry chain. Through the development trend at home and abroad, we believe that the Internet of Vehicles will be divided into several sub-industries: car navigation, Internet of Things equipment, automotive electronics, traffic informationization, and car networking applications. The Internet of Vehicles is a systematic solution, which will bring prosperity to the whole industry.
-Automotive electronics: Automotive electronics is the foundation of vehicle networking, especially various sensors and actuators in automotive electronics, and it is one of the key technologies to promote the development of automotive electronics, automation and intelligence. For some automotive electronic systems, such as engine electronic control and airbag system, the sensor cost accounts for about 70% of the total system cost. All countries in the world attach great importance to the research and development of automobile sensors and how to improve the cost performance. The more advanced the automotive electronics, the higher the degree of automation, and the greater the dependence on sensors. Therefore, both at home and abroad, automobile sensor technology is listed as a key high-tech development. In addition to sensors, vehicle-mounted automotive electronic equipment is also an important carrier to realize vehicle networking, including navigation system, vehicle entertainment system and so on.
New energy vehicles bring opportunities to the automotive electronics industry;
1. Energy and environmental protection are becoming two decisive factors affecting the development of automobile industry in China and even the world. Energy-saving and environmental protection technologies represented by hybrid electric vehicles, electric vehicles and fuel cell vehicles have developed rapidly. Governments all over the world and major automobile manufacturers regard energy-saving and environment-friendly cars as the commanding heights of future automobile industry competition, which is the only way for future automobile industry development.
In recent years, the Chinese government attaches great importance to new energy vehicles and takes various measures and complete vehicles to promote their development. In 2007, the National Development and Reform Commission promulgated the Detailed Rules for the Administration of Production Access of New Energy Vehicles, which cleared the policy obstacles for the market access of new energy vehicles. In 2009, the state regarded electric vehicles as one of the seven strategic emerging industries and placed them in an important position of government investment. At the same time, many provinces in China plan to develop new energy automobile industry. In a long period of time in the future, the technical pattern of new energy vehicles in China will show the trend of diversified development, multi-technology integration, staged unbalanced development, strong alliance and strong government support.
2. As a national strategic emerging industry, electric vehicles have become a hot spot of development.
Judging from the recent development, the hybrid vehicle with relatively mature technology and the most successful industrialization among the new energy vehicles at present, driven by the rapid increase of newly listed vehicles, produced 5,294 new energy vehicles in China in 2009, with a year-on-year increase of 124.7%, including 5,035 commercial vehicles, accounting for 95% of the market share.
Although the current output of new energy vehicles accounts for less than 0.03% of the total automobile output, as a substitute and development direction of traditional automobile products, it has great potential for future development.
New energy vehicles put forward new requirements for automotive power electronic products and power management system, which will promote the launch of new automotive electronic power control products and promote the development of automotive electronic power control system market.
3. Compared with traditional cars, the assembly rate of electronic products of new energy vehicles has been greatly improved. Electronic products can account for 60% or more of the cost of the whole vehicle. The development of new energy vehicles depends on the continuous improvement of the core technology of automotive electronics.
Compared with traditional automotive electronics, new energy automotive electronics have the same development process, development mode and development means, but there are new developments in product forms and key technologies. Such as a power system control system, a battery management system and a motor controller.
The comparative advantage of foreign countries in the field of new energy vehicles is not as great as that in the field of traditional vehicles. Therefore, by supporting the research and development and industrialization of the electronic control system of new energy vehicles, the traditional automotive electronic technology and industry can be comprehensively upgraded.
Foundation and development status of new energy automobile electronics industry;
1. has a certain foundation in vehicle control strategy, and the control system has a certain accumulation and products.
2. Some key technologies of the motor are synchronized with the international advanced level and have the capacity of mass production.
3. The research and development of power battery management system has made some progress, which can support the matching of demonstration vehicles and has not yet been industrialized.
4. Control chips, high-power devices and development tools are all imported.
Electronic innovation space and market opportunities of new energy vehicles;
-Semiconductor chips for new energy vehicles
—— industrialized electronic control technologies and products for hybrid electric vehicles, including key technologies and products for electronic control of hybrid special-purpose engines (oil, electricity and gas) that meet national emission regulations IV and V; Based on multi-speed automatic mechanical transmission (AMT, DCT), the electromechanical coupling control system of hybrid power (electro-hydraulic control and motor-controlled shift actuator) is studied. Multi-energy Powertrain High Performance Controller 16-bit or 32-bit computer.
-Electronic control technology and products for large-scale demonstration of pure electric vehicles, including electric assembly control system of pure electric vehicles; Distributed control system of pure electric vehicle: information and intelligent charging control system of pure electric vehicle.
Technologies and solutions of ITS integration with vehicle network (V2G, V2H).
Three. Problems and challenges faced
1. The entry threshold for the automotive electronics industry is high.
As a supporting product of the whole vehicle, it must meet the requirements of reliability, stability and safety of the whole vehicle. From design to production, it takes two to three years of strict testing and certification and a million kilometers of road test. Products take a long time to finalize the design, and the entry threshold is high, so it is difficult for enterprises without scale and technical strength to enter.
2. Domestic automotive electronic products used to be difficult to assemble.
The automobile market in China is dominated by foreign brands that are jointly invested or authorized to produce, while the number of domestic brands is small and the market share is limited. It is difficult for domestic automotive electronic products to enter the supporting system of foreign brand OEMs with joint venture or authorized production. On the one hand, the R&D and manufacturing level of automotive electronics in China is far behind that of foreign countries, and the technical maturity and product reliability, safety and stability of automotive electronics are insufficient; On the other hand, in domestic joint-venture automobile factories, product design and parts selection and procurement are decided by foreign parties, so it is difficult for domestic automotive electronic products to enter the front-loading supporting system of foreign brands.
3. Lack of core technology and insufficient investment in research and development.
Domestic automotive electronics aftermarket products have been industrialized and have certain competitive advantages, but generally the technical content is low, the profit is low, the competition is fierce, and low price has become the main competitive means. In the pre-assembly market such as engine (power) control system, chassis (safety) control system and body electronics with higher technical content and value, the core technology is in the hands of foreign enterprises. Domestic enterprises are faced with numerous patents and technical barriers, and it is difficult to be recognized by vehicle manufacturers in the short term, and they are at a competitive disadvantage.
4. The industrial chain is not perfect, and the interaction mechanism between upstream and downstream has not yet formed.
The development of the industrial chain is immature, and the upstream and downstream do not drive each other, which will not form a situation of close coordination of the automotive electronics industry chain. The business model of project cooperation between automobile manufacturers, emerging automobile electronics manufacturers and related automobile R&D institutes according to the matching needs of vehicle products has not been fully established. Due to the lack of vehicle demand traction, automotive electronics manufacturers have to develop functional prototypes of products, and then send them to the vehicle factory for testing, and then seek supporting manufacturers after passing the test. The process of this research and practice is complicated, and the standards of different models and different automobile manufacturers are not uniform. Therefore, it is difficult for products to meet the requirements of international standards in terms of stability, safety and consistency.
5. There is a lack of automotive electronics professionals in China.
There is a big gap between local enterprises and foreign countries in the combination of automotive machinery technology and electronic technology, mainly because of the lack of automotive electronics professionals in China. The researchers in domestic automotive electronics enterprises are mainly automobiles or electronics, and lack of compound talents who know both automobiles and electronics.
Lack of core technology, talents and insufficient R&D investment have led domestic automotive electronic enterprises to produce low-end products such as car navigation system, car audio-visual system, remote central door lock, various anti-theft alarm systems and remote trunk opening. Automobile electronic control equipment, which represents automobile performance level, such as electronic control unit software and hardware, sensors, basic components, actuators, system reliability, control accuracy, etc., is far from developed countries.