1. Itaipu Hydropower Station is the second largest hydropower station in the world at present, which is jointly built by Brazil and Paraguay. The generator set and power generation are divided equally between the two countries. At present, there are 20 generator sets (700,000 kilowatts each) with a total installed capacity of140,000 kilowatts and an annual power generation of 90 billion kwh, including 94.86 billion kwh in 2008.
2. Yitaipu is a hydropower project with power generation as the main part. The water level of the reservoir is only 1m, so the water level of the reservoir needs to be lowered by 3m only when the spillway needs maintenance.
3. The planning and design of the Three Gorges Project in China is mainly based on flood control, and the power generation conditions depend entirely on the established flood control planning, which makes the design of hydraulic turbines far more difficult than Itaipu, and its complex operating conditions are also the highest among conventional units.
The Three Gorges Project has installed 32 700,000 kW hydro-generator sets, including 6 on the left bank 14, right bank 12 and underground. There are also two 50,000-kilowatt power supply units.
The average annual power generation reaches 84.7 billion kWh, but it is limited by the incoming water in dry season. In flood season, inexhaustible rolling river water can be used to generate electricity. However, due to the need of flood control, the water level dropped from 175 m to 145 m, resulting in a large number of abandoned water, so its power generation is slightly less than that of Yitaibao Power Station.
Environmental impact of Yitaipu hydropower station;
1. Feasibility study on environmental protection: Before the Yitaipu project started, a feasibility study report on ecological impact was put forward, and possible environmental problems were pointed out. In order to find out its negative effects and find out the ways to overcome them, serious environmental protection research has been carried out.
Subsequently, a detailed social, biological and natural investigation was carried out, and a detailed data file was established, including archaeology, forests, animals, aquatic environment (water quality, fish ecology), sedimentation, climate, land expropriation and so on.
2. Social and environmental work: 273 archaeological investigation sites were established according to age and culture, including more than 654.38+700 million sites, artworks and remains. The oldest can be traced back to 6 100 BC.
In Brazil, 6,900 rural properties and 65,438+0,600 urban properties were expropriated, involving about 40,000 people, of whom 65,438+0,324 moved to Paraguay. Brazilians moved to Paraná (86%), Mato Grasse (8.89%) and Santa Catania.
In order to meet the needs of society, economy and culture, some public or private projects have been established under the principle of coordination with environmental protection. These projects can be used for rest, entertainment, tourism, shipping, urban and rural industrial water storage and supply, and fisheries.
3. Establishment of animal and plant protected areas: Through detailed investigation of local plant species, the plan of reforestation on the island, protected areas and protected areas was put forward.
Brazil planted shelterbelts from 65438 to 0979, and planted 49 different tree species, about 1 10,000 trees. On the coast of Paraguay, primitive flora is generally protected. Brazil is implementing a plan to build 28,000 hectares of forest, and plans to plant 65,438+400,000 local trees with 86 different tree species.
Yitaipu Nature Reserve includes two ecological reserves, Limu and Tan Yi, with an area of 15.702 and 13.807 hectares respectively. There are also three ecological safety zones, namely bellavista in Brazil, Santa Elena in Paraguay and Tatyuppi, covering an area of 65,438+0,780,2,254 hectares and 2,269 hectares respectively. There are signs of new forests in these protected areas, consolidating the achievements of restoring the total number of animals.
Reference to the above content: Baidu Encyclopedia-Yitaipu Hydropower Station